This study examined the physical and emotional impact of child abuse in young adults. It surveyed 51 college students, finding that over 40% reported experiencing child abuse. On average, participants had only 60% knowledge of child abuse. The study found no significant differences in GPA, physical health, or emotional health between those who experienced abuse and those who did not. It calls for future research with a larger sample size and closer examination of how child abuse affects people.
Childhood Maltreatment and PTSD Literature Review and Proposed StudyAlexandraPerkins5
This literature and proposed study explores several research articles relating to childhood maltreatment and PTSD. The second section proposes a hypothetical study to further explore a gap identified in the literature review.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Wekerle CIHR Team - Child Sexual Abuse & Adolescent Development: Moving from ...Christine Wekerle
Child Sexual Abuse & Adolescent Development: Moving from Trauma To Resilience - Findings from The Maltreatment and Adolescent Pathways (MAP) Research Study
Impacts of Mentor’s Strategic Communication on Adjustment Problems among Adol...Arun Varghese
ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence is the period of rapid changes in physical and mental state. Rapid storm of physiological changes brigs a great deal of stress and adjustment difficulties. It represents one of the critical transitions in the life span with a wide range of adjustment and mental health problems. The present study is aimed to assess the impact of Mentor’s Strategic Communication on adjustment problems among adolescents. Methodology: A quasi experimental non-equivalent control group design was chosen to assess the impact of Mentor’s Strategic Communication by using Self developed Adjustment Inventory among 60 adolescents (30 each experimental and control group) with mild and moderate adjustment problems at selected schools, Kerala. The Samples were selected based on simple random sampling. Appropriate descriptive & inferential statistics was applied to compute the results. Results: Finding reveals that out of 30 students, 70% reported moderate adjustment problems while 30% were in mild adjustment issues in experimental group. There was a significant difference for adjustment problems among experimental and control group after Mentor’s strategic communication (p<0.001). Further, number of siblings (p<0.032) and education status of father (p<0.008) found significant association to adjustment problems among schools going adolescents. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that majority of adolescents face adjustment problems and Mentor’s strategic communication had significant impact on improvement in adjustment problems. A planned and timely infusion of mentorship strategy may help them to deal with their day to day adjustment problems and help them to focus in studies in a better way. Keywords: Adolescence, Adjustment problems, coping, stress, behavioural problems
1Running Head FINAL PROPOSAL CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEAL.docxdrennanmicah
1
Running Head: FINAL PROPOSAL: CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEALTH
2
FINAL PROPOSAL: CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEALTH
Diamond Newton
Southern New Hampshire University
March 3, 2019
Problem Statement
Several adults struggle from a variety of mental health issues (suicidal thoughts and tendencies, alcoholism, depression, and drug abusers.) A lot of those issues may stem from what took place during an adult’s childhood that stem from a variety of reasons. Some adults seek help and some refuse to seek help. The adults who do seek help come to realize that their current issues stem from when they were a child and still developing as a human. Child abuse can come in many forms, physical, mental, and sexual. Adults who have been exposed or experienced this are likely to suffer from some form of mental health issue. It is important to figure out the root of mental health issues in adults so the root can be addressed. Children need to be in a healthy environment with nothing short of love and care. Exposing children to a harsh reality is only breeding them into an adult who suffers from mental health issues.
Literature Review
The study of psychology helps researchers to understand better what is going on with a person. Researchers studied what happened in a person's life that causes them to make the decisions they do and behave in a certain way. Adults have this stigmatism that they can do whatever they want because they are "grown." Many adults suffer from something that can cause to lead towards suicidal thoughts and tendencies, alcoholism, depression, and drug abusers. A lot of those issues may stem from what took place during an adult’s childhood. There could be some reasons adults tend to display certain mental health traits that have been studied in many different forms by researchers. What we will be reviewed is the abuse, physical or mental, that an adult endured as a child and how it affects them in their adulthood.
Blanco, C., Grant, B. F., Hasin, D. S., Lin, K. H., Olfson, M. Sugaya, L. (2012) recognized that child physical abuse had been associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts. The study conducted included Blacks, Hispanics and young adults between the ages of 18-24 in 2001-2002 and 2004-2005. In person, interviews were conducted in Wave 1. In Wave 2 used similar methods as Wave 1 but it excluded the individuals who were not eligible. Wave 2 also interviews went into depth about the questions asked for the participants first 17 years of life. There are many other variables that have been added to the data that relate to childhood physical abuse and mental health distress in adult years. Those other adversatives included the history of child sexual abuse and neglect, parental psychopathology, and perceived parental support, described as emotional neglect.
The advantages to this design would be the inclusion of other childhood adversities that could contribute to adult psychiatri.
Childhood Maltreatment and PTSD Literature Review and Proposed StudyAlexandraPerkins5
This literature and proposed study explores several research articles relating to childhood maltreatment and PTSD. The second section proposes a hypothetical study to further explore a gap identified in the literature review.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Wekerle CIHR Team - Child Sexual Abuse & Adolescent Development: Moving from ...Christine Wekerle
Child Sexual Abuse & Adolescent Development: Moving from Trauma To Resilience - Findings from The Maltreatment and Adolescent Pathways (MAP) Research Study
Impacts of Mentor’s Strategic Communication on Adjustment Problems among Adol...Arun Varghese
ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence is the period of rapid changes in physical and mental state. Rapid storm of physiological changes brigs a great deal of stress and adjustment difficulties. It represents one of the critical transitions in the life span with a wide range of adjustment and mental health problems. The present study is aimed to assess the impact of Mentor’s Strategic Communication on adjustment problems among adolescents. Methodology: A quasi experimental non-equivalent control group design was chosen to assess the impact of Mentor’s Strategic Communication by using Self developed Adjustment Inventory among 60 adolescents (30 each experimental and control group) with mild and moderate adjustment problems at selected schools, Kerala. The Samples were selected based on simple random sampling. Appropriate descriptive & inferential statistics was applied to compute the results. Results: Finding reveals that out of 30 students, 70% reported moderate adjustment problems while 30% were in mild adjustment issues in experimental group. There was a significant difference for adjustment problems among experimental and control group after Mentor’s strategic communication (p<0.001). Further, number of siblings (p<0.032) and education status of father (p<0.008) found significant association to adjustment problems among schools going adolescents. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that majority of adolescents face adjustment problems and Mentor’s strategic communication had significant impact on improvement in adjustment problems. A planned and timely infusion of mentorship strategy may help them to deal with their day to day adjustment problems and help them to focus in studies in a better way. Keywords: Adolescence, Adjustment problems, coping, stress, behavioural problems
1Running Head FINAL PROPOSAL CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEAL.docxdrennanmicah
1
Running Head: FINAL PROPOSAL: CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEALTH
2
FINAL PROPOSAL: CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEALTH
Diamond Newton
Southern New Hampshire University
March 3, 2019
Problem Statement
Several adults struggle from a variety of mental health issues (suicidal thoughts and tendencies, alcoholism, depression, and drug abusers.) A lot of those issues may stem from what took place during an adult’s childhood that stem from a variety of reasons. Some adults seek help and some refuse to seek help. The adults who do seek help come to realize that their current issues stem from when they were a child and still developing as a human. Child abuse can come in many forms, physical, mental, and sexual. Adults who have been exposed or experienced this are likely to suffer from some form of mental health issue. It is important to figure out the root of mental health issues in adults so the root can be addressed. Children need to be in a healthy environment with nothing short of love and care. Exposing children to a harsh reality is only breeding them into an adult who suffers from mental health issues.
Literature Review
The study of psychology helps researchers to understand better what is going on with a person. Researchers studied what happened in a person's life that causes them to make the decisions they do and behave in a certain way. Adults have this stigmatism that they can do whatever they want because they are "grown." Many adults suffer from something that can cause to lead towards suicidal thoughts and tendencies, alcoholism, depression, and drug abusers. A lot of those issues may stem from what took place during an adult’s childhood. There could be some reasons adults tend to display certain mental health traits that have been studied in many different forms by researchers. What we will be reviewed is the abuse, physical or mental, that an adult endured as a child and how it affects them in their adulthood.
Blanco, C., Grant, B. F., Hasin, D. S., Lin, K. H., Olfson, M. Sugaya, L. (2012) recognized that child physical abuse had been associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts. The study conducted included Blacks, Hispanics and young adults between the ages of 18-24 in 2001-2002 and 2004-2005. In person, interviews were conducted in Wave 1. In Wave 2 used similar methods as Wave 1 but it excluded the individuals who were not eligible. Wave 2 also interviews went into depth about the questions asked for the participants first 17 years of life. There are many other variables that have been added to the data that relate to childhood physical abuse and mental health distress in adult years. Those other adversatives included the history of child sexual abuse and neglect, parental psychopathology, and perceived parental support, described as emotional neglect.
The advantages to this design would be the inclusion of other childhood adversities that could contribute to adult psychiatri.
This webinar was developed by Child Trends in 2015 for the Office of Adolescent Health (OAH) as a technical assistance product for use with OAH grant programs.
Educational & Child Psychology; Vol. 36 No. 3 33
Evaluating the impact of an autogenic
training relaxation intervention on levels
of anxiety amongst adolescents in school
Tracey Atkins & Ben Hayes
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of a group-based autogenic training (AT) relaxation
intervention on levels of anxiety in adolescents in mainstream school settings.
Method: A mixed-methods design was used to measure differences in levels of anxiety and explore a range
of perceived changes between groups over time. Sixty-six young people aged between 14 and 15 years old
from four mainstream schools in the UK were randomly assigned within each school to an intervention
or wait-list control group. Quantitative data were analysed using a mixed between-within subjects ANOVA.
Qualitative information from 12 volunteer participants was analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings: Results showed a main effect of time for both the intervention group and the wait-list group
however, no significant main interaction was found. Qualitative results showed perceived improvements
in social relationships and connectivity; reflectiveness; self-awareness; physiological symptoms; and a sense
of control.
Limitations: Measures were reliant on self-reported data. Schools were recruited through self-referral and
expression of interest, excluding participants who may not have the opportunity to take part. There were
no opportunities to collect follow-up data.
Conclusions: Results suggest that a structured AT relaxation intervention delivered in a familiar
school environment may significantly reduce levels of anxiety amongst adolescents. However, significant
improvements for the wait-list group also raises questions around the potential of other supportive
variables, such as acknowledgement and validation of feelings, the promise and availability of
forthcoming support and the potential impact of raised awareness and interest in pupil wellbeing
amongst school staff.
Keywords: autogenic training; relaxation; adolescence; mind-body interventions; anxiety.
M
ENTAL HEALTH difficulties in
young people are a serious cause for
concern across the world. The World
Health Organization (WHO) reports that in
half of all cases of mental health conditions,
onset has occurred by the age of 14 years
old; suicide is the third leading cause of
death in 15–19 year olds; and the second
leading cause of death in girls (WHO, 2018).
It is estimated that one in ten children and
young people aged 5–16 years old have
a diagnosable mental health disorder in the
UK alone; and at least one in 12 children
and young people deliberately self-harm
(Young Minds, 2018).
In 2009, the UK government identi-
fied mental health as everyone’s business
(Department of Health; DoH, 2009) and
was specific about prevention and the tran-
sition time between adolescence and early
adulthood. Suggestions for schools include
promoting students’ mental health as part
of ...
Perception of Child Abuse 2COLLEGE STUDENTS’ AND PROFESSIO.docxherbertwilson5999
Perception of Child Abuse 2
COLLEGE STUDENTS’ AND PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTION OF CHILD ABUSE IN CORRELATION TO STRESS
Introduction
Throughout the growth and development of society, child abuse and maltreatment has expanded into many different aspects; it occurs within socioeconomic levels, ethnic and cultural lines, all religions and all levels of education. Within the United States children are suffering from a hidden epidemic of child abuse and neglect. Every year 3.3 million reports of child abuse are made in the United States involving nearly 6 million children (a report can include multiple children). The United States has the worst record in the industrialized nation – losing five children every day due to abuse-related deaths (U.S. Department of HHS, 2011). The estimated cost of child abuse and neglect in the United States for 2008 is $124 billion (Fang, 2012). The Department of Children and Families (DCF) defines child maltreatment as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent, guardian, or other caregiver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child (Leeb, Paulozzi, Melanson, Simon, & Arias, 2008). There are four major categories of childhood abuse and maltreatment: physical abuse, psychological and emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect (Goldman, Salus, Wolcott, & Kennedy, 2003).
According to Brian H. Bornstein, Debra L. Kaplan, and Andrea R. Perry (2007), people have stereotypes about the circumstances and consequences of child abuse, and these expectancies can influence their judgments about individuals involved in abuse cases. Heim (2000) reported that participants with a history of abuse experience greater levels of perceived stress than participants without a history of abuse. They often perceive daily stressors more severely and longer in duration than their counterparts. It is also suggested that their history of abuse compromises these participants’ abilities to cope with stress, but the researchers noted that the data from their study is inconclusive, making it difficult for them to either support or refute this claim.
The perception of child abuse is very influential to students and upcoming professionals. Society’s definition and perception will guide current social work students into practice, which is a very important factor within the professional realm of social work.
Research Question
The purpose of this study is to examine college students and professionals’ perception of child abuse and how it relates to stress. The independent variable is the college students and professionals’ perception of child abuse and the dependent variable is how it relates to stress. The operational definition of perception remains closely allied to the continually developing behavioral theory of discrimination (Schoenfeld, 1962). The operational definition of child abuse is as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent, guardian, or other caregiver that results.
Running Head THE INFLUENCE OF MEDIA ON BODY IMAGE .docxagnesdcarey33086
Running Head: THE INFLUENCE OF MEDIA ON BODY IMAGE 1
THE INFLUENCE OF MEDIA ON BODY IMAGE 2
The Influence Media has on Body Image of Adolescent Girls
Michele Jackson
Argosy University
Professor Russo
December 11, 2013
1. Do the media influence adolescent girl’s body images?
2. Null Hypothesis: the media does not have an influence on adolescent girl’s body image. Alternate Hypothesis: the media does influence adolescent girl’s body image.
3. The correct sample size that will be used in the research is 385 adolescent girls. Determining the right sample size involves the calculation of the margin of error. The estimated margin of error at 95 percent confidence level that is a 5 percent chance that the results will be different is derived by 1/√N. N is the sample size. This means that a sample size of 10 will have a margin of error of 31.6 percent, but a sample size of 100 will have a 10 percent margin of error. This implies that the greater the N, the smaller the margin of error; therefore, the results of the research will useful (White & McBurney, 2013). A sample size of 385 participants is sufficiently large and is representative of the population, and limits extreme observations and the impacts of outliers. The inclusion characteristics include: they must be female, must be aged between 13 and 19 years and must be exposed to different forms of media. The exclusion characteristics are: history of any mental or personality disorder and history of drug use. The sample should be diverse. This is to make the sample representative of all adolescent girls.
4. The sampling technique that will be used in the study is random sampling. Random sampling is choosing a sample from the statistical population so that every sample that could be chosen has a predetermined chance of being chosen. This is the most appropriate sampling technique since it is the least unbiased of all sampling methods (Monsen et al, 2008). Additionally, there is no subjectivity is the technique because each member of the statistical population has an equal chance of being chosen. The sample will generalize to the entire adolescent girls’ population. This is the key advantage of random sampling because it is representative of the population. The only factor that can make the sample unrepresentative of the population is sampling error.
5. There are two variables in my study: the dependent and the independent variable. The dependent variable is the body image of adolescent girls, while the independent variable is the media. The body image of adolescent girls’ is the dependent variable because it is changed by factors such as the media. This is the variable being measured in the study. The independent variable is not affected by other factors or variables. The research is attempting to establish the relationship between media and adolescent girls’ body image. That .
1. www.postersession.com
This study examines the physical and emotional impact of child
abuse in young adults. Research has indicated that child abuse
has negative consequences on a person’s overall health and
wellbeing (Sachs-Ericsson, Medley, Kendall-Tackett, and Taylor
2011). Irish and colleagues have shown that people who have
been abused as a child are more likely to have six major health
outcomes, which include general health, gastrointestinal health,
gynecological health, pain, cardiopulmonary symptoms, and
obesity (Sachs-Ericsson, et. al, 2011). There were 51 participants
in this study (21 men and 30 women). Participants completed the
Importance of Childhood Experiences in Young Adult Life Survey.
Results showed that there were no statistical significances in the
emotional and physical health amongst survivors of child abuse
and those not abused. In conclusion, more participants reported
being abused as a child than anticipated. Agenda for future
research includes a closer examination of the definition of child
abuse, the effects of child abuse, and how child abuse affects
those who aren’t as resilient.
Methods
Conclusions
r
The Physical and Emotional Impact of Child Abuse in Young Adults
Jazmyne J. Page; Dr. Ruth S. Williams
Department of Psychology, Southern Adventist University, Collegedale, TN 37315, USA
Agenda for Future Research
Participants: A sample of convenience consisted of 51 college
students attending a private university in southeast Tennessee.
Participants were required to complete a consent form before
being given the survey. Each participant received a dessert as
incentive upon completion of their role in the study. All participants
were treated in accordance with the Ethical Principles of
Psychologists and Code of Conduct (American Psychological
Association, 2010).
Procedures: The design of this study was a non-experimental
study using survey methodology as a means of data collection.
The researcher was granted permission by a professor on
campus and used the first 15 minutes of the class to administer
the survey. An informed consent form was given to participants
prior to the survey being given.
Materials: The instrument used in this study was a modified
version of two online instruments; The Way I Feel, How Healthy
Are You?, and the Importance of Childhood Experiences in Young
Adult Life survey (ICEYAL). This instrument consisted of
questions that determined college students knowledge about child
abuse and if any college students have been child abuse
survivors. Demographics such as gender, ethnicity, and age were
self-reported by the participants in the survey. The Cronbach’s
alpha ranged from .17 to .76. This questionnaire will serve as a
pilot study.
Hypothesis
1. The results of the hypothesis test show that there is
no significant gender difference in the knowledge of
child abuse. t(49) = -.39, p=.695 (ns) (See Figure 2).
Figure 2
Research Questions
1. Out of fifty-one participants for this study 22
participants reported to be survivors of child abuse
and 29 participants reported to not have had
experienced any form of abuse as a child (See
Figure 1).
2. College students have little knowledge of child abuse
where M= 6.1 and SD = 1.47. Participants only had
on average 60% of the questions answered correctly.
A test on gender differences was conducted.
Results showed that it was not statistically significant
[t(-.39), p=.69 (ns)] (See Figure 2 also).
3. How does child abuse impact the survivor’s
academic performance and aspirations? Survivors of
child abuse have a slightly higher GPA than those
who are not abused with M = 3.41 and SD = .51.
Those who did not encounter abuse as a child had a
slightly lower GPA with M = 3.40 and SD = .37.
Results showed that it was not statistically significant
[t(.07), p=.95 (ns)].
4. Survivors of child abuse were slightly lower scores in
physical health than those who were not abused with
M = 57.54 and SD = 7.10 and for those not abused
with M = 59.83 and SD = 6.64. Results showed that it
was not statistically significant [t=-1.18, p=.24 (ns)]
(See Table 2).
5. Survivors of child abuse had slightly lower scores in
emotional health than those who were not abused
with M = 3.1 and SD= 1.85 and for those not abused
with M = 3.41 and SD = 2.11. Results showed that it
was not statistically significant [t=-.57, p=.57 (ns)]
(See Table 3).
6. There are almost no ethnic differences in the
knowledge of child abuse. One-Way ANOVA showed
that it was not statistically significant (F(4,45)= 1.74, p =
.16).
Major Findings:
1. More participants reported to be survivors of child abuse than
expected.
2. The average knowledge of child abuse amongst the participants
is approximately 60%.
3. There was no significance in physical and emotional health
amongst those who are survivors of child abuse and those who
never encountered abuse as children.
Importance of Study:
Little is known about the physical and emotional impact of child
abuse in young adults in Christian institutions. This study gives a
better understanding that a person who has been impacted by
child abuse may not be at an academic, physical or emotional
disadvantage.
Limitations:
1.Small sample size.
2. Unequal amounts of men and women participants.
3. Low Alpha (reliability) on measuring instrument.
Implications:
This study could provide information on the impact of child
abuse in young adults.
The study could provide information on the impact of child
abuse to the population currently in Adventist colleges.
It is possible that the information obtained in this study can be
used to to help better understand how child abuse impacts a
young adult physically and emotionally.
Many students had little overall knowledge on child abuse.
Introduction
Results
Logo
Abstract
Every 10 seconds, a child experiences abuse whether it be
physical, mental, emotional, or even sexual. Child abuse is rapidly
increasing throughout the world causing innocent children to fall
victim to trauma. Child abuse can damage a person both
physically and mentally. The longer a child is exposed to abuse,
the worse the mental and physical outcome is, potentially leading
to psychological disorders like PTSD, depression, and even
negative overall health such as obesity and heart problems. The
purpose of this study was to describe college students’ beliefs on
abuse and experiences with physical and emotional problems.
Knowledge of how college students view abuse is useful in helping
to recognize areas related to identification, treatment, and
prevention of child abuse. Audiences that can benefit from this
study include the scientific community (developmental
psychologists, trauma psychologists, social workers, counselors)
university officials, parents, and college students.
Hypotheses
One hypothesis guided this study:
1. There are gender differences in the perception of child abuse
among college age students.
Research Questions
Six research questions were addressed in this study:
1. How many college students report being survivors of child
abuse?
2. What do college students know about child abuse?
3. How does child abuse impact the survivor’s academic
performance and aspirations?
4. How does child abuse impact the survivor’s physical health?
5. How does child abuse impact the survivor’s emotional health?
6. Are there ethnic differences in knowledge of child abuse?
Agenda for future research includes a closer examining
in the definition of child abuse, the effects of child
abuse, comparing and contrasting the different
categories of child abuse, and how child abuse affects
those who aren’t as resilient.
Table 2
Physical Health
Child Abuse
Survivor N Mean
Std.
Deviation t Test Sig.
Section 4
Total
Abused (total
is 7-10)
22 57.55
7.10 t= -1.18
p=.24
Not Abused
(total is 1-6)
29
59.83 6.64
Child Abuse
Survivor N Mean
Std.
Deviation t Test Sig.
Section
5 Total
Abused (total is
7-10)
22 3.09 1.85 t= -.57
p=.57
Not Abused (total
is 1-6)
29 3.41 2.11
Table 3
Emotional Health
Figure 1
Frequency Percent
Valid
Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid 3.00 1 1.9 2.0
2.00 2 3.8 3.9
4.00 3 5.8 5.9
5.00 8 15.4 15.7
8.00 9 17.3 17.6
7.00 12 23.1 23.5
6.00 16 30.8 31.4
Total 51 98.1 100.0
Missing System 1 1.9
Total 52 100.0
Table 4
Knowledge Scores