Assesment of obesity
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This document discusses obesity, including its definition, types, epidemiological determinants, classification based on BMI, methods of assessment like body weight, skin fold thickness and waist circumference, hazards like increased morbidity and mortality, and approaches to prevention and control through dietary changes, increased physical exercise, drugs, and surgery. Key assessment methods are body mass index, skin fold thickness measured at several sites, and waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. Prevention focuses on reduced carbohydrates and fats with increased fiber, along with regular physical exercise and appetite suppressing drugs.
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Assessment of Obesity
This document discusses various methods for assessing obesity. It defines obesity as an excess accumulation of body fat that can negatively impact health. Methods of assessing obesity include body mass index (BMI), anatomical fat distribution patterns, biochemical differences between regional fat deposits, and the size and number of fat cells. BMI is a common measure of weight relative to height but may not accurately reflect total body fat. Abdominal fat carries greater health risks than lower body fat. Abdominal fat cells are typically larger and more responsive to hormones. Once gained, fat cells are never lost, even after weight loss.
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This ppt contains all the details about what is obesity, etiology, & mainly focuses on various methods of assessment of obesity from field tests to lab tests.
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Obesity results from an energy imbalance where more calories are consumed than expended. It can be caused by genetic and environmental factors like diet, activity levels, and lifestyle. Managing obesity involves creating a caloric deficit through diet and exercise. Regular physical activity is important for weight maintenance even without substantial weight loss, as it provides significant health benefits and lowers disease risk. Behavioral modification techniques can also help prevent weight regain after weight loss is achieved.
Assessment of obesity
The document discusses several methods for assessing obesity: BMI uses height and weight; waist circumference measures abdominal fat risk; and skinfold thickness measures subcutaneous fat. Additional methods include hydrostatic weighing, bioelectrical impedance analysis, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and air displacement plethysmography. Each method has advantages and limitations in accurately determining body fat percentage and distribution.
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The document discusses obesity, defining it as excessive fat accumulation that presents health risks. It notes that obesity is caused by an energy imbalance where more calories are consumed than expended. A variety of facts about the growing prevalence and health impacts of obesity worldwide are presented, along with methods of measuring obesity such as BMI and waist circumference.
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This document discusses various methods for assessing obesity. It defines obesity as an excess accumulation of body fat that can negatively impact health. Methods of assessing obesity include body mass index (BMI), anatomical fat distribution patterns, biochemical differences between regional fat deposits, and the size and number of fat cells. BMI is a common measure of weight relative to height but may not accurately reflect total body fat. Abdominal fat carries greater health risks than lower body fat. Abdominal fat cells are typically larger and more responsive to hormones. Once gained, fat cells are never lost, even after weight loss.
Obesity
This ppt contains all the details about what is obesity, etiology, & mainly focuses on various methods of assessment of obesity from field tests to lab tests.
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Obesity results from an energy imbalance where more calories are consumed than expended. It can be caused by genetic and environmental factors like diet, activity levels, and lifestyle. Managing obesity involves creating a caloric deficit through diet and exercise. Regular physical activity is important for weight maintenance even without substantial weight loss, as it provides significant health benefits and lowers disease risk. Behavioral modification techniques can also help prevent weight regain after weight loss is achieved.
Assessment of obesity
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Obesity
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This document discusses obesity and related topics. It defines obesity as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents health risks. It provides BMI classifications for different regions including South East Asia. Key points are that globally obesity rates are rising, and factors influencing obesity are complex, involving genes, environment, behavior, and their interactions. Measuring obesity includes BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and fat distribution. The regulation of energy balance and factors influencing obesity risk are multifaceted.Obesity
The document discusses obesity, defining it as excessive fat accumulation that presents health risks. It notes that obesity is caused by an energy imbalance where more calories are consumed than expended. A variety of facts about the growing prevalence and health impacts of obesity worldwide are presented, along with methods of measuring obesity such as BMI and waist circumference.
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Yoga is an effective treatment for obesity through managing the mind and reducing cravings, increasing exercise through asanas and pranayama, and regulating digestion and metabolism through diet and meditation. Specific yoga practices target excess abdominal fat and weight in other areas. Regular yoga practice can help maintain weight loss through improved willpower, stress management, and making exercise a sustainable habit. Yoga also addresses underlying emotional or psychological causes that may contribute to overeating.
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There are several methods for determining body composition and measuring obesity levels:
1) Body mass index (BMI) calculates weight relative to height and can indicate overweight or obesity levels.
2) Waist-to-hip ratio measures abdominal fat by comparing waist and hip circumference. Higher ratios mean more abdominal fat and greater health risks.
3) Skinfold thickness uses calipers to measure subcutaneous fat layers at various body sites and estimate body fat percentage.
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The document discusses obesity, including its prevalence, complications, and treatment. Some key points:
- Obesity is defined as having a BMI of over 30 or excess body fat of over 20%. It results from consuming more calories than expended.
- It is common worldwide and in countries like India and China. In the US, over 30% of adults are obese, costing $147 billion annually.
- Obesity increases the risk of conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and some cancers.
- Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise. For higher-risk patients, treatment may include medication or surgery to help with weight loss and reduce
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This document summarizes obesity, its causes, risks, and treatment options. It discusses that obesity is caused by excessive calories and lack of physical activity. It can increase risks for health problems. Treatment includes dieting, exercise, and in severe cases, medication or surgery. Dieting focuses on calorie reduction and maintaining protein. Exercise alone causes limited weight loss but supports diet-based weight loss. The document provides information on assessing BMI and defining overweight and obesity.
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This document provides information about obesity rates and causes in the United States. Some key points:
- Approximately 66% of U.S. adults are overweight or obese. The obesity rate has increased from the late 1970s.
- Being overweight or obese increases the risk of various health conditions like diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers.
- Obesity is caused by consuming more calories than expended through physical activity and diet. Lack of physical activity and excess calorie intake contribute to weight gain.
- Losing weight through diet and exercise can help reduce health risks. Maintaining even a modest weight loss provides benefits. Regular physical activity is also important for health.
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The document discusses body composition analysis, which describes the relative proportions of fat, bone, and muscle mass in the human body. It defines key terms like essential fat, storage fat, and fat-free mass. The document outlines various methods to measure body composition, including hydrostatic weighing, air displacement, skinfold tests, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and DEXA scans. Maintaining a healthy body composition is important for reducing disease risks and athletic performance.
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Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. It has increased significantly in India, with urban populations having a higher prevalence. It can be caused by genetic, biological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Diagnosis involves measuring height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, and other tests. Management includes lifestyle changes focusing on nutrition, physical activity, and behavior. Pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery are also options for severe obesity. Post-surgery care focuses on airway, pain management, activity, diet, and preventing complications.
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Body composition analysis provides information about percentages of body fat, fat distribution, and body measurements that are useful for athletic performance and health. There are direct and indirect methods of analyzing body composition, with indirect methods including hydrostatic weighing, bioelectrical impedance, air displacement plethysmography, and skin fold measurements. Each method has advantages and limitations regarding accuracy, reliability, required equipment and cost.
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This document discusses obesity, including its definition, causes, methods of measurement, pathophysiology, health problems associated with it, types, and general treatment approaches. Obesity is defined as a BMI over 30 kg/m2 and is caused by factors like overeating, genetics, hormones, and lifestyle. It can be measured by BMI, relative weight, or waist-to-hip ratio. Treatment involves diet, exercise, behavior modification, and sometimes medications or surgery to create a caloric deficit for weight loss. Obesity is associated with increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, and some cancers.
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This document discusses body mass index and the causes and dangers of being overweight and underweight. It defines BMI and categories of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. Being overweight increases the risk of health issues like diabetes and hypertension due to consuming more calories than expended. Treatments for overweight include reducing portion sizes, choosing low-calorie foods, exercising, and making long-term lifestyle changes. Underweight can be dangerous as well and may require a high-calorie diet and counseling to address physical or psychological causes. Maintaining a healthy weight requires energy balance through diet and exercise.
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Yoga is an effective treatment for obesity through managing the mind and reducing cravings, increasing exercise through asanas and pranayama, and regulating digestion and metabolism through diet and meditation. Specific yoga practices target excess abdominal fat and weight in other areas. Regular yoga practice can help maintain weight loss through improved willpower, stress management, and making exercise a sustainable habit. Yoga also addresses underlying emotional or psychological causes that may contribute to overeating.
Body_Composition
There are several methods for determining body composition and measuring obesity levels:
1) Body mass index (BMI) calculates weight relative to height and can indicate overweight or obesity levels.
2) Waist-to-hip ratio measures abdominal fat by comparing waist and hip circumference. Higher ratios mean more abdominal fat and greater health risks.
3) Skinfold thickness uses calipers to measure subcutaneous fat layers at various body sites and estimate body fat percentage.
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The document discusses obesity, including its prevalence, complications, and treatment. Some key points:
- Obesity is defined as having a BMI of over 30 or excess body fat of over 20%. It results from consuming more calories than expended.
- It is common worldwide and in countries like India and China. In the US, over 30% of adults are obese, costing $147 billion annually.
- Obesity increases the risk of conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and some cancers.
- Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise. For higher-risk patients, treatment may include medication or surgery to help with weight loss and reduce
Diagnosis and management of obesity
This document summarizes obesity, its causes, risks, and treatment options. It discusses that obesity is caused by excessive calories and lack of physical activity. It can increase risks for health problems. Treatment includes dieting, exercise, and in severe cases, medication or surgery. Dieting focuses on calorie reduction and maintaining protein. Exercise alone causes limited weight loss but supports diet-based weight loss. The document provides information on assessing BMI and defining overweight and obesity.
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This document discusses obesity, its causes and indicators. It notes that obesity occurs when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure over a prolonged period, resulting in excess body fat accumulation. Key causes of obesity include lack of energy balance, sedentary lifestyle, environmental factors like fast food and lack of sidewalks, genetics, hormonal issues, and some medications. Body mass index (BMI), skin folds, waist-hip ratio, and relative weight are common indicators used to diagnose and monitor obesity. Weight management involves prevention of excess weight gain, weight loss through diet, exercise and sometimes medication/surgery, and prevention of weight regain.
Obesity
The document discusses definitions and classifications of obesity according to various medical references and the WHO. It provides the WHO classification of BMI ranges from underweight to super obese. It also discusses factors that contribute to obesity including genetics, lifestyle, environment and various hormones and brain regions involved in regulating appetite and energy balance. Surgical procedures for treating obesity such as gastric bypass are also mentioned.
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This document discusses Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) as tools for assessing health risks related to weight. It defines BMI as a calculation using height and weight that can indicate underweight, healthy, overweight or obese categories. Though BMI generally correlates with body fatness, muscle mass in athletes can alter the measurement. The document outlines how to calculate and interpret BMI for both adults and children. It also defines WHR as a measure of regional fat distribution that may predict health risks better than BMI alone. Guidelines are provided for accurately measuring waist and hip circumference to determine an individual's WHR.
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This document discusses obesity, including its definition, types, causes, and prevention strategies. Obesity is defined as a BMI of 30 or higher and is caused by factors like unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and genetics. The worldwide prevalence of obesity nearly tripled between 1975 and 2016. Prevention strategies include promoting nutritious foods, physical activity, limiting screen time, and getting sufficient sleep. Annual BMI screening and lifestyle counseling can help with primary and secondary prevention of obesity.
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This document provides guidelines for evaluating permanent physical impairment of upper extremities. It defines key terms like health, impairment, disability, and handicap according to WHO definitions. It outlines how to measure impairment of the arm and hand components, including range of motion, muscle strength, coordinated activities, prehension, and sensation. Scores are combined using a formula to calculate total impairment percentages for the arm and hand. Additional weightages may be given for involvement of the dominant side, shortening over 1 inch, and accompanying persistent factors. The total disability percentage cannot exceed 100%.
Obesity diet and exercise
This document provides information about obesity rates and causes in the United States. Some key points:
- Approximately 66% of U.S. adults are overweight or obese. The obesity rate has increased from the late 1970s.
- Being overweight or obese increases the risk of various health conditions like diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers.
- Obesity is caused by consuming more calories than expended through physical activity and diet. Lack of physical activity and excess calorie intake contribute to weight gain.
- Losing weight through diet and exercise can help reduce health risks. Maintaining even a modest weight loss provides benefits. Regular physical activity is also important for health.
Body composition analysis
The document discusses body composition analysis, which describes the relative proportions of fat, bone, and muscle mass in the human body. It defines key terms like essential fat, storage fat, and fat-free mass. The document outlines various methods to measure body composition, including hydrostatic weighing, air displacement, skinfold tests, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and DEXA scans. Maintaining a healthy body composition is important for reducing disease risks and athletic performance.
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Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. It has increased significantly in India, with urban populations having a higher prevalence. It can be caused by genetic, biological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Diagnosis involves measuring height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, and other tests. Management includes lifestyle changes focusing on nutrition, physical activity, and behavior. Pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery are also options for severe obesity. Post-surgery care focuses on airway, pain management, activity, diet, and preventing complications.
obesity - a systematic approach
This document provides an overview of obesity, including its definition, measurement, prevalence, causes, evaluation, treatment approaches, and a case study. It defines obesity as a BMI over 30 kg/m2 and notes the increased prevalence in the US and worldwide. The evaluation of patients with obesity involves taking a history, physical exam, assessing comorbidities, fitness, and readiness to change. Treatment options include lifestyle management, pharmacotherapy, and surgery. A case study is then presented and discussed in terms of appropriate treatment goals.
Body composition and analysis
Body composition analysis provides information about percentages of body fat, fat distribution, and body measurements that are useful for athletic performance and health. There are direct and indirect methods of analyzing body composition, with indirect methods including hydrostatic weighing, bioelectrical impedance, air displacement plethysmography, and skin fold measurements. Each method has advantages and limitations regarding accuracy, reliability, required equipment and cost.
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This document discusses obesity, including its definition, causes, methods of measurement, pathophysiology, health problems associated with it, types, and general treatment approaches. Obesity is defined as a BMI over 30 kg/m2 and is caused by factors like overeating, genetics, hormones, and lifestyle. It can be measured by BMI, relative weight, or waist-to-hip ratio. Treatment involves diet, exercise, behavior modification, and sometimes medications or surgery to create a caloric deficit for weight loss. Obesity is associated with increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, and some cancers.
Autogenic Drainage
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This document discusses the relationship between exercise and cancer. It outlines the mechanisms by which exercise may prevent cancer, including lowering sex hormones and insulin levels. It reviews evidence that physical activity is associated with reduced risks of breast, colon, and other cancers. Exercise may also improve cancer survival rates. However, many cancer survivors do not exercise regularly. The document provides recommendations for an individualized exercise prescription for cancer patients and survivors. Precautions are discussed related to cancer treatments and medications.
Diet and weight control
This document discusses body mass index and the causes and dangers of being overweight and underweight. It defines BMI and categories of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. Being overweight increases the risk of health issues like diabetes and hypertension due to consuming more calories than expended. Treatments for overweight include reducing portion sizes, choosing low-calorie foods, exercising, and making long-term lifestyle changes. Underweight can be dangerous as well and may require a high-calorie diet and counseling to address physical or psychological causes. Maintaining a healthy weight requires energy balance through diet and exercise.
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Assesment of obesity
- 1. Assessment of Obesity By, Pranav Khawale, BNYS, 3rd year, SVYASA.
- 2. Contents • What is Obesity • Types of obesity • Epidemiological determinants • Classification of obesity according to BMI • Assessment about obesity • Body weight • Skin fold thickness • Waist circumference and waist : Hip ratio • Other • Hazards of obesity • Increased morbidity • Increased mortality • Prevention and control •References
- 3. Obesity • Obesity is defined as – an abnormal growth of the adipose tissue due to an enlargement of fat cell size – or an increase in fat cell number -WHO
- 4. Types of obesity • Android obesity • Gynoid obesity
- 6. Epidemiological determinants Age Family tendency Sex Endocrine factors Genetic factors Alcohol Physical inactivity Smoking Socio-economical status Education Eating habits Ethnicity Psychological factors Drugs
- 7. Classification of obesity according to BMI
- 9. Assessment of Obesity • Body composition • The active mass (muscle, liver, heart act.) • The fatty mass (fat) • The extracellular fluid (blood, lymph, etc) • The connective tissue (skin, bones, connecting tissue)
- 10. Body weight • Body mass index kg Meter
- 11. Skin fold thickness • A large proportion of total body fat is located just under the skin • It is a rapid and non-invasive method for assessing body fat • The measurement may be taken at all the four sites • Mid-triceps • Biceps • Subscapular • Suprailiac region
- 12. Waist circumference and waist : Hip ratio • Waist circumference is measured at the mid point between the lower border of the rib cage and the iliac crest
- 13. Others… • Total body water • Total body potassium • Body density
- 14. Hazards of Obesity Morbidity HTN
- 15. Prevention and control • Dietary changes • Carbohydrate Reduced • Fats • Fibre content diet
- 16. • Increased physical exercise • Most important part of weight reducing programme • Regular physical exercise is key to an increase energy expenditure
- 17. • Others • Appetite suppressing drugs to control of obesity • Surgical treatment » Gastric bypass » Gastroplasty, etc • Obesity prevention programmes
- 18. References • WHO (1995). Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 854 • WHO (1995). Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 894 • Oliver, M.F.(1981). In: medicine international, 1 (15) 664