The Asian Development Bank (ADB), founded in 1966 and headquartered in Manila, focuses on fostering economic growth and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region through funding, technical assistance, and investment facilitation. Key areas of work include agriculture, transport, energy, and finance, while addressing challenges such as lack of safe water, high infant mortality rates, and undernutrition among its member countries. ADB consists of 64 member countries, with a structured governance system to promote legislative reform, good governance, and macroeconomic stability.

1. Asian Development Bank
IR

2. INTRO TO ADB
 Founded in 1966
 Headquarters are in Manila, Philippines
 Primary mission is to foster growth and
cooperation among countries in the Asia-
Pacific Region
 Non-governmental organization providing
funding and technical assistance

4. STATED GOALS
1. Promoting
economic growth
2. Reducing poverty
3. Developing human
resources
4. Improving the status
of women
5. Protecting the
environment

5. FUNCTIONS
 Provides loans and equity investments to its
developing member countries
 Provides technical assistance for the
planning and execution of development
projects and programs and for advisory
services
 Promotes and facilitates investment of public
and private capital for development
 Assists in coordinating development policies
and plans of its DMCs

6. AREAS OF WORK
The Bank's operations cover a wide spectrum of
activities and have been classified according to
the following sectors:
1. Agriculture and natural resources
2. Transport and communications
3. Energy
4. Industry and non-fuel minerals
5. Finance
6. Social infrastructure

7. CHALLENGES
 Safe water is still not available to 60% of the
people in the member countries
 Improved sanitation facilities have still not
reached 70% of the people
 Out of every 100 children, 40 die before they
reach the age of 15. Infant mortality rate is very
high
 Half of the undernourished population of the
world lives in Asia
 Rising inflation has adversely impacted growth
rates in Asia

8. ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
 ADB has focused on
good governance and
macroeconomic stability
 The triggers for reform in
most PDMCs have been
intrinsically related to
fiscal crises,
unmanageable
government debts,
public dissatisfaction
with government
performance, and
election of reform-
oriented governments

9. AREAS OF EMPHASIS
1. Supporting legislative reform of the role of
parliament and the public sector
2. Strengthening good governance institutions
3. Introducing fiscal discipline and output focused
budgeting
4. Downsizing the civil service and strengthening its
professionalism
5. Promoting more open and growth-orientated
economic policies
6. Encouraging privatization and a larger role for the
private sector

10. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
 The ADB has 64 Member Countries, 45 from
within the Asia-Pacific region of which 42 are
borrowing countries, referred to as Developing
Member Countries
 Each member county is represented on the
Board of Governors
 The less influential countries are grouped into
constituencies and the constituency is
represented by an Executive Director (ED) and
an Alternate Executive Director

11. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
 The Board of Governors elects a 12-person
Board of Executive Directors, who are
nominated by their respective governments.
Representation on this board is determined by
the level of financial contribution to the ADB
 Within the constituency countries that make the
largest contributions hold the ED and AED
positions. Between them the 4 WaterAid
working countries hold around 9% of voting
rights

12. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
 Below the executive
level the Bank is
organized into
departments, including
5 regional departments
for managing
operations.
 All WaterAid working
countries fall within the
South Asia regional
department