This document provides an overview of decorative arts and architecture throughout history. It discusses how decorative arts include useful objects made with an emphasis on design, such as furniture, pottery, and clothing. The field encompasses ancient crafts and some modern appliances. Scholars typically classify objects by their materials, like ceramics, glass, and textiles. The document then highlights examples of decorative arts from ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, Africa, and pre-Columbian Latin America before discussing architecture in Egypt, Greece, and their architectural orders.

2. • Decorative Arts, categories of useful yet decorative
objects, generally intended for the home. These objects
include furniture, eating utensils, jewelry, and clothing.
Objects classified as decorative arts differ from other
useful objects in their design, artisanship, and beauty.
The field of decorative arts is vast, covering not only
ancient crafts, such as weaving and pottery, but also
some products of modern industrial design, such as
teakettles, toasters, and other small domestic appliances.
People who study the decorative arts generally classify
the objects according to the materials from which they
are made. The classifications include ceramics, glass,
ivory, leatherwork, metalwork, stone, textiles, and
woodwork.

3. •Handicraft – Object
made by hand
•Industrial art – Object
made by machine or
assembly line

4. •The maker of
these decorative
arts

5. • The decorative arts have flourished throughout history,
from prehistoric times to the present, in civilizations
around the world. More than 4,000 years ago,
craftspeople in ancient Egypt created gold jewelry for
kings and queens and gold funerary ornaments for royal
tombs.

6. • Potters in ancient Greece painted decorative designs and
scenes on terra-cotta (baked clay) vases and urns,
starting in the 9th century BC. Delicate Roman glass
vessels date from the 1st century AD.

7. • Chinese tombs dating from the Neolithic period (about
4000 to 2000 BC) have yielded painted ceramic jars and
elegant bronze vessels.

8. • In Africa most art forms serve some function, and
decorated items for ritual and for everyday use are
numerous. But few ancient African art objects have
survived because they were made of perishable
materials. Gold work, textiles, and ceramics dominated
pre-Columbian art in Latin America.

9. • Art of curving wood, chiseling stone, casting
or welding metal, modeling clay or wax into
dimensional representations such as figures,
statues, forms, etc.
• Most of these sculptured were used in rituals.
• Honor forces of nature (figures of men
,women or animals)
• Drive away spirits (masks worn by
priestesses or medicine man.
• Beg favors from their God (sculptured figures)

10. • Religion (monuments of biblical heroes,
images of Jesus Christ, the holy family
and saints)
• Instructional purposes (Old Testament)
• Commemoration of heroes, kings, and
historical events.
• Minting of coins (shows the relief designs
like Presidents or heroes of a country or
other significant symbols.)

11. • Marble
• Bronze
• Wood
• Ivory
• Terra cotta
• Bamboo
• Adobe
• coral

12. •Line
•Color
•Texture
•Volume
•Style

14. • Belief
• Presented Ideas clearly

15. • Skillful in making designs in bronze and
gold.

16. • Believed that” man is the measure of all
things”
• The most important function of Greek
sculpture was to honor the Gods and
Goddesses.

17. • The most important contribution of
Roman artists were portraits.
• Roman sculpture becomes abstract.

18. • Ideas of curving are more free and small figures twist and
turn freely.
• The heads of these figures are enlarged and stand out
from the surface of the relief.

19. • Figures were depicted more realistic.
• The faces of the figures or statues had more
expression and their garments were draped in a
natural way.

20. • The most significant change in
art that occurred in the
renaissance was the new
emphasis on glorifying the
human figure. Figures were
more likely or more real.

21. • Italian sculptor Donatello executed his David (Bargello
Museum, Florence), the first nude statue of the
Renaissance, from about 1430 to 1435. This nearly life-size
bronze image of the biblical hero was also the first
statue since classical antiquity to be cast in the round. Its
realism marked a departure from the conventions of
Gothic sculpture, which mostly produced rigid, columnar
figures.

22. • Pietà (Saint Peter’s Basilica, Vatican City) is an early
sculpture, carved between 1497 and 1500, by the Italian
Renaissance artist Michelangelo. From the hard marble
stone, Michelangelo created the impression of flowing
drapery and soft flesh. The Pietà theme represents the
Virgin Mary holding the dead Christ in her lap.

23. •These period called for
a deliberate return to
classical subject
matter and style.

24. • Venus
• Italian neoclassical artist Antonio Canova is noted for his
marble sculptures based on classical models. He created
the Venus Italica (1804-1812, Pitti Palace, Florence) to
replace an ancient Roman statue known as the Medici
Venus, which French emperor

25. • The art of building.
• Art that has practical basis.
• The only one used in one way or another
by everyone.
• Each building has a definite and special
purpose.
• People developed different styles of
architecture to suit their way of life and
their specific needs.

26. • Caves and rock shelters
• 10,000 or more years, man learned to
polish stone: build houses made of
wood, mud, stone, and plants to
protect themselves and their families
from weather and danger.
• The first builder learned that round or
oval buildings were the simplest to
construct.

27. • Believed that pharaohs were gods so they had to build
strong and sturdy tombs which would be used forever.
• Their religious belief of immortality demanded the
preservation of their god through mummification.
• To ensure the or preserve the mummy and the well-being
of the spirit, they constructed monumental tombs
about 3000 to 2000 B.C.
• The first pyramid constructed was the tomb of King
Djoser build by architec Imhotep around 2700 B.C.
• Temple were chapels separate from the tombs. The
temple of Sphinx.

28. • Step Pyramid, Şaqqārah The Step Pyramid of King
Djoser was built during the 3rd Dynasty at Şaqqārah,
Egypt. It was designed by the architect Imhotep. The
pyramid was the first monumental royal tomb and is one
of the oldest stone structures in Egypt. 20-storey Building
• Build to glorify their gods.
• Religiuos
• Tombs for their leaders.

30. • Famous for their contribution to the
development of art and culture.
• They originated the direct study of
nature.
• Their highest aim in art is to improve
nature.
• Their outstanding art works are
architecture and sculpture.

31. The Parthenon, a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena
Parthenos (the Virgin Athena), stands on the Acropolis
high above Athens, Greece. The Parthenon was built in
the 5th century BC, and despite the enormous damage it
has sustained over the centuries, it still communicates the
ideals of order and harmony for which Greek architecture
is known.

32. Doric style
• Column has no base and the bottom of the column rests
on the top step.
• The capital is flat block or slab joined to the column by a
simple convex curve which looks like cushion.

33. Ionic
• Column is Taller and more slender than the doric type
• Has a base and capital is ornamented by scrolls on each
side. Porch of Maidens, Erechtheum
Named for Erechtheus, a mythical
Athenian hero, the Erechtheum was
built in the late 5th century BC on the
Athenian Acropolis. The small porch
on the temple’s south end, known as
the Porch of the Maidens, features six
caryatids holding up an Ionic
entablature. The elaborate ornaments
of this building contrast dramatically
with the Doric formality of the nearby
Parthenon

34. Corinthian
• Column is much smaller than the Ionic column.
• Its capital is decorated with acanthus leaves, a motif
popular in eastern areas of the Mediterranean.
During the Classical period, the Corinthian
order, the most elaborate of the three Greek
architectural orders, was used mainly for
interior columns. However, late in the
Hellenistic period the Greeks began to build
temples with Corinthian columns on the
exterior, as here in the Temple of Olympian
Zeus, in Athens (174 BC-AD 132). Atop tall,
slender columns are capitals carved with
stylized, curling acanthus leaves.