The document discusses different machine learning algorithms for instance-based learning. It describes k-nearest neighbor classification which classifies new instances based on the labels of the k closest training examples. It also covers locally weighted regression which approximates the target function based on nearby training data. Radial basis function networks are discussed as another approach using localized kernel functions to provide a global approximation of the target function. Case-based reasoning is presented as using rich symbolic representations of instances and reasoning over retrieved similar past cases to solve new problems.