This document discusses the application of biotechnologies in ex situ conservation, characterization, and utilization of fish genetic resources. It covers several key points: 1) Biotechnologies like cryopreservation of gametes and cells, and molecular characterization can help conserve genetic diversity of fish outside their natural habitats and aid breeding programs. 2) Characterizing genetic diversity within and among fish species is important for conservation efforts, understanding evolution, and improving aquaculture. Molecular tools are crucial for tasks like species discovery, genetic stock identification, and selection programs. 3) Emerging techniques like genome sequencing and stem cell technologies provide new opportunities for conservation and utilization of fish genetic resources, but also pose challenges like standardization and preventing