Aos distibutted system
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This document discusses distributed operating systems. It begins by defining a distributed system as multiple connected CPUs that appear as a single system to users. A distributed operating system provides the essential services of a traditional operating system but runs across multiple independent CPUs. It aims to be transparent to users. Examples given of distributed operating systems include Amoeba, Solaris, and MOSIX. The document outlines the features, functions, and goals of distributed operating systems, such as resource sharing, accessibility, concurrency, scalability, and fault tolerance.
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Aos distibutted system
- 1. Distributed Operating System Introduction By Vijay Kumar Verma (VJY) Roll No-1326910 04-March-2014
- 2. Objectives What Why When Features & Goal Functionality Examples BY: VJY 3/3/2014 2
- 3. What is Distributed System? A distributed system: Multiple connected CPUs working together A collection of independent computers that appears to its users as a single coherent system. ~Tanenbaum Distributed program running on it. Distributed programming is used to write Distributed program. BY: VJY 3/3/2014 3
- 4. Contd… What is Distributed System? Distributed computing is field of computer science where we learn about It is easy to expand and scale. Computer networks where individual computers were physically distributed within some geographical area. Main goal solve large computational problem. BY: VJY 3/3/2014 4
- 5. Contd… What is Distributed System? BY: VJY 3/3/2014 5
- 6. Why need, When use Much better performance ratio Resource sharing Enhanced performance -tasks can be executed concurrently; load distribution to reduce response time Higher reliability - data replication Easier modular expansion -- hardware and software resources can be easily added without replacing existing resources BY: VJY 3/3/2014 6
- 7. Differentiation with Parallel Systems No need of shared memory Communication via message passing No need of homogeneity DS consists of different types of hardware and software. BY: VJY 3/3/2014 7
- 8. Challenges Heterogeneity Distribution transparency Fault tolerance Scalability Concurrency Openness Security BY: VJY 3/3/2014 8
- 9. Models Tanenbaum and Renesse classified distributed systems into three broad categories 1. Minicomputer Model 2. Workstation Model 3. Processor Pool Model BY: VJY 3/3/2014 9
- 10. Types Distributed Computing System Distributed Information Systms Distributed Pervasive systems BY: VJY 3/3/2014 10
- 11. Example World Wide Web (WWW) is the biggest example of distributed system. Others are The Internet. An Intranet which is a portion of the internet managed by an organization. Multimedia production house Space research BY: VJY 3/3/2014 11
- 12. What is Operating System? An operating system (OS) is: a software layer to abstract away and manage details of hardware resources a set of utilities to simplify application development. Applications OS Hardware BY: VJY 3/3/2014 12
- 13. Evolution of OS OS generation can be classified in four type. Following is the types with their goals:1. 2. 3. 4. BY: VJY Centralized OS ~ Resource Management Network OS ~ Resource Sharing Distributed OS ~ Transparency Cooperative OS ~automaticity 3/3/2014 13
- 14. Distributed Operating System? A distributed operating system is one that looks to its users like an ordinary centralized operating system but runs on multiple, independent central processing units (CPUs). The key concept here is transparency. A distributed OS provides the essential services and functionality required of an OS. BY: VJY 3/3/2014 14
- 15. Now What Why When Features & Goal Functionality Examples BY: VJY 3/3/2014 15
- 16. Features & Goal Resource sharing Accessibility Openness Concurrency Scalability Fault Tolerance Transparency BY: VJY 3/3/2014 16
- 17. Now What Why When Features & Goal Functionality Examples BY: VJY 3/3/2014 17
- 18. Functions Process management Inter-process communication Process management Resource management Reliability Availability Performance Synchronization Flexibility BY: VJY 3/3/2014 18
- 19. NOS vs DOS NOS are considered here to be those which provide support for networking and remote resource access, often by a separate layer of software on top of a conventional OS. DOS strive for a high degree of transparency and often support data and process migration. Users normally do not distinguish local resources from remote resources. BY: VJY 3/3/2014 19
- 20. Now What Why When Features & Goal Functionality Examples BY: VJY 3/3/2014 20
- 21. Examples AMOEBA OS ~Andrew S. Tanenbaum Solaris OS ~SUN Microsystem MOSIX ~Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Professor Amnon) BY: VJY 3/3/2014 21
- 22. Have Any Question? Just Ask! Post Query On facebook.com/groups/sviet.mca Email@ vjy.softworx@gmail.com
- 23. Thank You! Vijay Kumar Verma
Editor's Notes
- Distributed systems used for high-performance computing task
- Usually, people argue about the differences between distributed and parallel systems.The same system may be characterized as “parallel” and “distributed” at the same time.A main difference is that in distributed systems, there is no need of a shared memory, since the nodes communicate via message passing.Another difference is that there is no homogeneity. A distributed system consists of different types of hardware and software.
- resource sharing– the possibility of using available resources any where openness– an open system can be extended and improved incrementally scalability– serve more users, provide shorter response times fault tolerance– maintain availability even when individual components fail heterogeneity– network and hardware, operating system, programminglanguages, implementations by different developers
- Distributed Computing Systems Used for high performance computing tasks Cluster computing systems Grid computing systemsDistributed Information Systems Systems mainly for management and integration ofbusiness functions Transaction processing systems Enterprise Application IntegrationDistributed Pervasive Systems Mobile and embedded systems Home systems Sensor networks
- CharacteristicsProcess Management memory management I/O management file Management.Remote access information exchange network browsing.Global view of file system, time, security, computational power.Open and cooperative distributed applications.
- In other words, the use of multiple processors should be invisible (transparent) to the user. Another way of expressing thesame idea is to say that the user views the system as a “virtual uniprocessor,” not as a collection of distinct machines.*Transparency is one of the advantages of the Distributed Operating System, where it refers to the physical placement of data (files,relations,.etc) is not known to the user.
- Access transparency - accessing both local and remote system objects ina uniform way.• Location transparency - no awareness of object locations. Sometimescalled name transparency.• Migration transparency - ability to move an object to a different locationwithout changing its name; also called location independence.• Concurrency transparency - allow the sharing of objects withoutinterference.• Replication transparency - consistency of multiple instances (orpartitioning) of files and data.• Parallelism transparency - parallel activities without users knowing how,when and where.• Failure transparency - fault tolerance.• Performance transparency - attempts to achieve a consistent andpredictable performance level even with changes of the system structure orload distribution.• Size transparency
- NOS 2Tier ArchitectureDOS n Tier ArchitectureNOS use TCP/IPDOS use IPC
- AMOEBA : The Python programming language was originally developed for this platform. Use FLIP Fast Local Internet Protocol