Climatic Vulnerability of the Sundarbans in South Asia
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The Sundarbans mangrove forest, located on the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers across India and Bangladesh, is climatically vulnerable. It has experienced rising sea levels, increasing sea surface temperatures, and more frequent and intense cyclones. This has depleted the mangrove forests and decreased populations of endangered species like the royal Bengal tiger, reducing biodiversity. Long term climate resilience plans aim to promote renewable energy, conservation, and explore how local communities cope with climate-related uncertainties.
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The document summarizes key information about the Sundarbans mangrove forest located in Bangladesh. It describes the forest's climate, flora, and fauna. It also discusses tourism opportunities in the forest like honey collection, religious festivals, and wildlife watching. However, it notes management challenges for the forest like natural calamities, overexploitation, illegal activities, and pollution. It concludes by recommending increased protection efforts, raising local awareness, and regulating ecotourism activities to better preserve the forest.
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Ecological and socio economic vulnerability to Climate change
Ecological and socio economic vulnerability to Climate change
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Dr. R Ramasubramanian, MSSRF, Aug 8, 2020
This document discusses ecosystem-based adaptation initiatives in Tamil Nadu, India to address climate change impacts along the coast. It notes that Tamil Nadu has over 1,000 km of coastline containing various ecosystems like mangroves, mudflats, and marshes. Rising temperatures, more heavy rainfall, and sea level rise projections threaten these coastal areas. Initiatives described include conserving mangroves through community management, integrated aquaculture systems combining fish farming with mangroves, and growing salt-tolerant plants in saline soils. These ecosystems-based approaches aim to increase resilience of coastal communities and environments to climate change.
Climate Change.ppt
- Shaikh Faridul Islam presented his PhD thesis on climate change and livelihoods in the Sundarbans region of Bangladesh.
- The Sundarbans mangrove forest plays an important role in maintaining the coastal ecosystem while also supporting local livelihoods through activities like fishing, honey collection, and wood gathering.
- However, climate change impacts like rising seas, stronger cyclones, and increased flooding threaten the Sundarbans and the livelihoods of local communities. Understanding how to protect the forest and adapt livelihoods is important.
Climate change
The concept and the impact of Climate change are introduced in the presentation. May be useful for the NGOs and environmentally interested persons.
Wetland conservation
The document discusses the Ramsar Convention, which is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for wetland conservation and management. Some key details:
- The Ramsar Convention was signed in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran and focuses specifically on wetland protection. There are currently 171 signatory countries.
- The Ramsar Secretariat coordinates the treaty's implementation from its headquarters in Gland, Switzerland.
- The Convention encourages designation of Ramsar sites, which are wetlands of international importance that receive protections. There are currently over 2,400 Ramsar sites globally covering over 250 million hectares.
wetlandconservationramsar-210203083307.pdf
The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty that provides a framework for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. It was established in 1971 and has 171 contracting parties. The Convention encourages the designation of Ramsar sites, which are wetlands of international importance. Once designated, these sites are added to the Ramsar List and receive protections. The Ramsar Secretariat coordinates efforts to implement the Convention through activities like monitoring Ramsar sites.
Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources.pptx
This document provides an overview of a curriculum module on climate change and water resources in Bangladesh. It covers:
1. How climate change is intensifying floods, droughts and cyclones and impacting people and environments through sea level rise, impacts on water resources, food security, human health and ecosystems.
2. Responses to climate change through mitigation and adaptation, including climate-resilient forest and water resource management, vulnerability assessments, and effective communication.
3. Case studies and examples of adaptation strategies for water resources like mangrove replanting, adjusting agricultural practices through new crops, irrigation, and relocating communities threatened by flooding.
Climate change and economic adaptability of indian sunderban
1) The document discusses climate change and its impact on the economy of the Indian Sunderban region.
2) It finds that the climate of the region is changing, with rising sea surface temperatures, increasing sea levels, and more frequent cyclones.
3) This is impacting the traditional economy of the region, which relies heavily on agriculture and fishing. Marginal workers are increasing as the climate challenges the local economy.
Climate change and economic adaptability of indian sunderban
1) The document discusses climate change and its impact on the economy of the Indian Sunderban region.
2) It finds that the climate of the region is changing, with rising sea surface temperatures, increasing sea levels, and more frequent cyclones.
3) This is impacting the traditional economy of the region, which relies heavily on agriculture and fishing. Marginal workers are increasing as the climate challenges the local economy.
Western ghats region
The document discusses conservation efforts in the Western Ghats region of India, which contains high biodiversity. It describes the Western Ghats' ecology, protected areas that have been established, and ongoing threats such as industry, roads, agriculture, and tourism. Conservation schemes implemented by state governments are also summarized, such as the Western Ghats Development Program and Intensification of Forest Management.
Biodiversity and indicators of climate change
This document discusses biodiversity indicators of climate change in coastal and marine environments in India. It outlines several macro-level climate change indicators that are monitored using remote sensing tools, including rising temperatures, sea level rise, and changes in ocean chemistry and coastal geomorphology. It then describes various coastal and marine habitats that are vulnerable to climate change impacts, such as coral reefs, mangroves, lagoons, estuaries, mudflats, and islands. Specific impacts to these habitats include coral bleaching, changes in mangrove community composition and zonation, and loss of islands. Case studies on marine turtles and the Sunderbans reserve demonstrate recorded and projected climate change impacts.
Gokarna jung thapa
This document summarizes a study on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity and forest ecosystems in the Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape of Nepal. The study found that temperature is expected to increase 3-5 degrees Celsius by 2100, and precipitation will become more erratic. Using climate modeling, the study predicted that by 2050 subtropical and lowland forests will become fragmented and degraded, threatening specialist species. However, temperate and alpine forests may remain intact, acting as refugia. The document recommends conserving forest corridors and microrefugia to aid species migration under climate change.
Environmental sustainability for better livelihood and Ecology in Sundarban: ...
Environmental sustainability for better livelihood and Ecology in Sundarban: ...International Journal of Management, Sciences, Innovation, and Technology IJMSIT
Pritam Bhattacharjee, Dr. Pralay Ganguly
Sundarban is world famous for its mangrove vegetation and is approximately of 10,000 sq km in area in the northern Bay of Bengal, which is also designated as world heritage site by UNESCO in the year 1987. It is the home of several animals and plant species, specially the mangrove trees (Sundari) and Royal Bengal tiger of this forest is world famous. Mangroves functions as a buffer against frequently occurring cyclones and helps to protect South Bengal specially Kolkata and southern part of Bangladesh. But now a day due to the climate change and repetitive cyclone occurring every year, Sundarban faces lots of challenges, with rising sea level- island are disappearing, salinity of water increasing day by day in addition of that there have been a major disturbances to hydrological parameters, changing fishing patterns are resulting disastrous consequences for the fisher man. Frequent cyclones and erratic monsoon damaging ecology, humidity, livelihood as well as ecotourism. The objective of this research is to focus the area of Sundarban and its potentials, challenges and probable solution to overcome the situation as well as the impact of mangrove degradation on local people and tourism. Here we use some data and statistics to understand the situation better. In this process researcher collected data from 130 respondents in the study area and further analysis has been taken through percentage method, statistical tools like t test with the help of software like SPSS, MS excel etc to conclude. Study findings suggest that significance difference exists on profile base of residents due to environmental degradation and minimize the negative impacts on same could bring a prosperous livelihood for residentsSundarbans Ecology by MD MAHABUB HASAN.pdf
The Sundarbans, located in the delta region of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers in Bangladesh and India, is the largest mangrove forest in the world and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its unique ecology is shaped by the interaction of land and water, resulting in a dynamic ecosystem that supports a rich diversity of flora and fauna.
The Sundarbans is renowned for its dense mangrove forests, which act as a buffer against cyclones and tidal surges, protecting the inland areas from natural disasters. The mangrove trees, particularly the sundari (Heritiera fomes) and gewa (Excoecaria agallocha), have adapted to the saline conditions of the region, forming intricate root systems that stabilize the soil and provide habitat for numerous species.
The Sundarbans is home to various endangered species, including the Bengal tiger, estuarine crocodile, and Irrawaddy dolphin. It also hosts a plethora of bird species, such as kingfishers, herons, and egrets, making it a paradise for birdwatchers.
The ecosystem of the Sundarbans is highly sensitive to climate change, with rising sea levels and changing rainfall patterns threatening its stability. Human activities, such as deforestation, overfishing, and pollution, further exacerbate these challenges, putting the delicate balance of the ecosystem at risk.
Efforts are underway to conserve and sustainably manage the Sundarbans, including community-based conservation initiatives, research on climate resilience, and eco-tourism development. However, addressing the complex issues facing the Sundarbans requires coordinated efforts at local, national, and international levels to ensure the long-term health and integrity of this vital ecosystem.
Demystifying climate change – mitigation and adaptation Dr.Praskash Rao
Demystifying climate change – mitigation and adaptation Dr.Praskash RaoEkonnect Knowledge Foundation
Disha presentation on 22nd January in Pune by Dr.Prakash Rao of Symbiosis Institute of International BusinessAN OVERVIEW.pptx
Wetlands are important ecosystems that provide many economic and ecological benefits. They were once viewed negatively but that changed as people recognized their value. Wetlands are defined based on hydrology, hydric soils, and hydrophytic vegetation. Malaysia has many important wetland areas, mainly mangroves, that protect the coastline and support biodiversity and local communities.
Natural calamities and diseases of sundarbans mangrove forest
Bangladesh with an area of 147,570 square km is bordered by India to the northeast and west, Myanmar to the southeast, and the Bay of Bengal to the south. Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world and its population is still growing by over 2 million people per year. The Sundarbans mangrove forest has a history of scientific management since 1879. The Sundarbans are the world's largest halophytic mangrove forests and one of the most biologically productive of all natural ecosystems. The forest is an essential buffer for inland areas against the ravages of frequent cyclones from the Bay of Bengal. For outstanding natural value, the World Heritage committee of UNESCO inscribed the Sundarban of Bangladesh in the 798th World Heritage list in 1997 and accordingly the Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh declared the Sundarban as World Heritage Site in 1999. The Sundarbans is the largest remaining habitat in the world for the Royal-Bengal Tiger. According to Ramsar convention, the wetland of Sundarban area in very complex and it is recognized as one of the most organic productive area in the world. The livelihood survival of the Sundarban community is linked with the forest resources of the Sundarbans, aquatic resources of the saline and fresh water wetlands.
Climate change
The document discusses the Yamuna River, one of the major tributaries of the Ganges River in northern India. It notes the religious and socioeconomic significance of the Yamuna River while also highlighting the major sources of pollution degrading its waters, including domestic wastewater from cities, industrial contamination from nearby areas, and toxicity from idol immersions during religious festivals. The document also briefly mentions some projects aimed at cleaning up the Yamuna River to improve its water quality.
Mangrove forest and Sustainability of Sundarban delta
Sundarban is a mangrove area and formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in Bay of Bengal. The Sundarbans mangrove forest is one of the largest such forests in the world, occupying about 40,000km area in India. India. While this mangrove forest supports biodiversity, ecosystems services and sustainable development, the Sundarban delta is an ecologically fragile and climatically vulnerable regions. The most abundant tree species of this forest are Sundri, Gewa, Byne, Garjan, Goran. The soil stratum of the delta is in dynamic construction by the characteristic root systems of mangroves. The main cable root system of the mangrove trees, comprising of aerial pneumatophores and underground anchoring roots ,slow down the movement of tidal waters that results in the sediments to settle and build up the muddy bottom. Mangroves are known as natural carbon sinks as it takes carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and store as blue carbon. Thus, it contributes heavily to reduce the warming of the earth and other ill effects of climate change. Sunderbans forest is one of the richest biodiversity hotspots in India containing about 453 faunal wildlife, including 290 bird, 120 fish, 42 mammal, 35 reptile,8 amphibian species and home for many rare and globally threatened wildlife species like the Royal Bengal tiger, Gangetic dolphin, Olive ridley turtle etc. The lives and livelihood of over 4.5 million people at Sundarban delta depend on the mangrove forest ranging from collection of honey, timber, leaves and herbs as food, fuel, hut/boat and ayurvedic medicines. Mangrove forest provide coastal protection through surge and wind suppression during tropical cyclones and often recover with time and continue to provide numerous societal benefits in the wake of storm events. The mangrove forest is very sensitive to pollution and declining at the rate of 1 percent per year due to climate change . Therefore, the sustainability of Sundarban delta requires a long-term vision that integrate climate adaptation and strategies for conservation of mangrove forest and its biodiversity.
158 mangrove action_project
This document summarizes the benefits of mangroves and threats to mangrove ecosystems. It discusses how mangroves provide goods, fisheries habitat, and protection from storms and erosion. However, mangroves are disappearing rapidly due to activities like agriculture, aquaculture, and development. While restoration efforts have been attempted, most fail due to lack of understanding of mangrove ecology and hydrology. The document introduces ecological mangrove restoration as a more effective technique that works with local communities and natural hydrological processes to successfully restore mangroves.
Nisqually Forest and Water Adaptation Plan
The document summarizes climate change impacts and adaptation planning efforts for the Nisqually watershed area in Washington state. It notes that 61% of the area is forested land providing $1.9 million to $226 billion in benefits annually, but forests face risks of drought, fire, and shifting species from climate change. Freshwater resources face risks of reduced quantity from population growth and lower quality from warming. The Nisqually delta wetlands restoration aims to benefit salmon and birds but faces challenges of reduced sediment accumulation and rising sea levels that could convert marsh to mudflats. Shellfish in the area are also threatened by ocean acidification effects on their habitats and food sources.
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Climate change and economic adaptability of indian sunderban
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Climate change and economic adaptability of indian sunderban
Climate change and economic adaptability of indian sunderban
Environmental sustainability for better livelihood and Ecology in Sundarban: ...
Environmental sustainability for better livelihood and Ecology in Sundarban: ...
Demystifying climate change – mitigation and adaptation Dr.Praskash Rao
Demystifying climate change – mitigation and adaptation Dr.Praskash Rao
Natural calamities and diseases of sundarbans mangrove forest
Natural calamities and diseases of sundarbans mangrove forest
Mangrove forest and Sustainability of Sundarban delta
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
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Climatic Vulnerability of the Sundarbans in South Asia
- 1. Climatic Vulnerability of the Sundarbans in South Asia
- 2. Overview • • • • • • • • • • The Sundarbans - one of the largest mangrove forest in the world. Lies on the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengal. Covers two countries – India and Bangladesh (more than half of it in India, the rest in Bangladesh). Status of reserved forests in both countries. Inscribed on UNESCO World Heritage List - Natural Site. Sundarbans National Park (Indian side), inscribed on UNESCO World Heritage List, in 1987 The Sundarbans (Bangladesh side), inscribed on UNESCO World Heritage List, in 1997 Climatically vulnerable zones Capturing the spectrum of climatic events – erosions, submergence, cyclone Differential effect of climatic events
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