1. The document discusses antimony poisoning and provides details about antimony in 8 sections: introduction/properties, sources/intake, pathophysiological effects/mechanism, toxic effects/symptoms, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. 2. Antimony is used to harden alloys and in flame retardants, plastics, and dyes. Exposure can occur during mining, glassworking or from firearms discharge. Toxic effects include gastrointestinal symptoms. 3. Diagnosis involves testing urine or blood for elevated antimony levels. Chelation therapy may be used for treatment while preventing exposure can help avoid poisoning.

1. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, UIAHS.
Course Code: 20MLB-308 Course Name:Advance Clinical Chemistry
Antimony Poisoning
Name of the Faculty: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar E13404 Program Name: BSc. MLT Sem-5

2. Course Objectives
The Advance Clinical Chemistry
subject aims to augment students awareness toward the
New testing and their procedures by operating advanced
instruments
To enrich their knowledge about tests.
To build base for further by the knowledge of instruments

3. Course outcomes
Subject Outcome
1 The student would be able to produce
knowledge of testing procedure
2 Students would be able to reproduce
instrument knowledge.

4. Syllabus overview
Unit -1
Toxic effects of over exposure of metals – (Aluminum, antimony,
arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead,
Manganese, Mercury, platinum, selenium, silver, thallium
.
Unit -2
Clinical biochemistry of cardiac bio markers, cardiac injury
biomarkers, renal insufficiency markers
Clinical biomarkers for diabetes insipidus, renal calculi laboratory
support for replace therapy

5. Reference material
Suggested Readings/ Books:
• S.C. Cobbold, “Transducers for Biomedical Instruments”, Prentice Hall.
• Carr & Brown, Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology PearsonEdn, Asia.
• Rao &Guha,”Principles of Medical Electronics & Biomedical Instrumentation”, University Press, India.
• R. S. Khandpur “Handbook of Bio-Medical Instrumentation”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.

6. For any heavy metal toxicity the following
need to be addressed
1. Introduction/General
characteristic/properties of Heavy metal
2. Sources of heavy metal – Mode of intake
3. Patho physiological effects – mechanism
4. Toxic effects – signs and symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Lab Diagnosis of heavy metal exposed
person
6. Treatment
7. Preventive measures
1) Aluminum,
2) antimony,
3) arsenic,
4) beryllium,
5) cadmium,
6) chromium,
7) cobalt,
8) copper,
9) iron,
10) lead,
11) Manganese,
12) Mercury,
13) platinum,
14) selenium,
15) silver,
16) thallium

16. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/
properties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures
Antimony (Sb) is a versatile trace element widely used for hardening soft
metal alloys; for compounding rubber; as a major flame retardant
component (5–20%) in plastics, textiles, and clothing; and as a coloring
agent in dyes, varnishes, paints, and glazes. Exposure to antimony dusts
and fumes may also occur during mining and refining of ores, in
glassworking, and from the discharge of firearms. Organic pentavalent
antimony compounds (sodium stibogluconate and antimoniate
meglumine) are commonly used worldwide as antiparasitic drugs.
Foreign or folk remedies may contain antimony potassium tartrate
(“tartar emetic”), which was widely used in previous centuries as an
emetic and purgative. Stibine (antimony hydride, SbH3) is a colorless gas
with the odor of rotten eggs that is produced as a by-product when
antimony-containing ore or furnace slag is treated with acid.

17. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/
properties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

18. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/p
roperties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

19. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/p
roperties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

20. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/
properties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

21. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/p
roperties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

22. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/pr
operties of Heavy
metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis of
heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

23. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/p
roperties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

24. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/p
roperties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

25. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/p
roperties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures

26. Antimony
1.Intro/General
characteristics/
properties of
Heavy metal
2. Sources of
heavy metal –
Mode of intake
3. Patho
physiological
effects –
mechanism
4. Toxic effects –
signs and
symptoms in the
person exposed
5. Complications
6. Lab Diagnosis
of heavy metal
exposed person
7. Treatment
8. Preventive
measures
Antimony Reference
1. https://www.slideshare.net/TSOLEMAN/1-introduction-
15583147
2. https://www.slideshare.net/thorapadi/antimony-238709635
3. https://slideplayer.com/slide/download/
4. https://www.slideserve.com/file-download/2864352
5. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=
391&sectionid=42069833
6. https://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/sb.htm
7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3037053/#:~:
text=Antimony%20and%20its%20compounds%20are,forest%2
0fires%2C%20and%20biogenic%20sources.
8. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/tfacts23.pdf
9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S01604120
2100533X