Counseling during pregnancy provides advice on maintaining health, reducing stress, and preparing for childbirth. It includes discussing antenatal exercises, nutrition, substance abuse, education on labor and delivery, strengthening the parent-child bond, and alleviating fears. Proper nutrition, rest, immunizations and avoiding risk factors like smoking, alcohol and unnecessary radiation are emphasized. The involvement of family is important for support during pregnancy.

2.  During pregnancy,mother is given counselling
and advice regarding various things which
help her in carrying her pregancy well:-
• THE MAIN POINTS ARE:-
• ANTENATAL COUNSELLING
• ANTENATAL EXERCISES
• ANTENATAL DIET
• SUBSTANCE ABUSE DURING PREGNANCY
• EDUCATION FOR CHILD BIRTH
• HUSBAND AND FAMILIES
• PREPRATION FOR SAFE CONFINEMENT.
• PREVENTION FROM RADIATION/

3.  STRENGTHENING PRENATAL
BONDING:-
Counseling is provided to couple
during antenatal periods,it help in
enhancing the bond between
foetus and parents. various
developmental aspects of foetus
during priods of pregnancy r
exaplanied to the parents.it makes
the parents close to the baby in
womb.

4.  OVERCOME ANTICIPATORY FEARS OF
LABOR ,BIRTH AND PARENTING DU
A counselor can try to alleviate
the mother’s fears .Mother can
discuss all doubts openly.sometimes
a couple can become anxious about
certain issues r/t parenthood.
 REDUCE STRESS THAT CAN
NEGATIVELY IMPACT LABOR AND
BIRTH :-
counsel the mother that who is
free from mental tension can give
birth to healthy baby in healthy way.

5.  FIND ONE’S OWN INDIVIDUAL STYLE
FOR COPING WITH LABOR PAINS AND
CHOOSING THE BIRTHING FACILITY.
 Proper attension to personal hygiene .
 Adequate rest and sleep in
comfortable position .
 Wearing loose and comfortable
clothing and avoiding high heel shoes.
 Travelling must be avoided during first
and last teimester.
 Coitus is also to be avoided.
 Smoking and alchol shd be restrained.
 Mother shd be immunized for tetanus
and rubella.

6.  Benefits of exercise:-
 Reduction in aches and pains oe pregnancy
e.g backache and cramps
 Improved posture and body awareness.
 Reduce constipation
 Reduction in minor ailments of pregnancy.
 Aids post-natal recovery.
 Improves ability to cope with labour and
childbirth.
 Energy level will be incresed .
 Helps in regain the shape more quickly
after delvery.

8.  Nutrition plays imp. role to have a
healthy pregnancy.Pregnancy happens to
be most demanding period of
women,hence eating a balanced diet
becomes all the more important:-
 CARBOHYDRATE and FATS:- Intake of
carbohydrate shd be sufficient ,otherwise
weight gain in pregnancy is poor.Diet shd
contain essential fatty acids.
 PROTEIN:-Eat variety of protein rich food.
 MINERALS:- Ca ,Fe,Na,Zn,iodine prevents
adverse effects in foetus. Ca requriement
is double so to develop baby bones
healthy.

9.  Folic acid is most imp. Nutrient prevents neural
tube defects.
 Fiber shd be taken in large amount .
 The foetus grows and develop due to
nourishment frm mother via the placenta.so a
toxin can also get delivered through placenta.
 Substance abuse of alcohol,tobacco and other
drugs can deprive baby of all essential nutrients
and oxygen to develop normally.

10.  Smoking during pegnancy passes
nicotine and cancer causing drugs to
baby.smoke also keeps baby frm getting
nourishent and raises chance of
stillbirth or premature birth.
 Avoids use of alcohol as it causes FETAL
ALCOHOL SYNDROME AND ALCOHOL
RELATED NEURODEVELOPMENTAL
DISORDER. These r combination of
structural,neurological and behavioural
problems.

11.  Telling mother about anatomy of
her reproductive organs and
changes in these organs occuring
during pregnancy.
 Relaxing techniques .
 Careful attention to the
emotional aspects of pregnancy.
 Stages of labour and birth r told 2
psychological prepration .
 Teach regarding puerperal period.
 Newborn care.
 Breast feeding.

12.  Involvement of family or husband as they r
decision makers ,as it will result into:-
 ---increased support to women during
pregnancy.
 ---use of contraception
 ---act as a role model.
 ---Reduced violence at home.
 ---better communication.
 ---strong bonding.
 ---helps wife to take balanced diet and
timely check ups.

13.  Home delivieries r considered safe if mother
is low risk women(healthy multiparous,
normal medical d obstetric h/o.)
 Otherwise complicated cases must be
referred to hospital.

14.  Nowadays MRI and ultrasonography r used.
 If in any case radiation has to be used after
first trimester in low dosesand foetus shd be
well protected.
 THE RISKS OF RADIATION IS:-
 -----malignancy
 -----low I.Q.,microcephaly,cataract and cleft
palate.
 It can be prevented by:-propr shielding.,app
filters,reducing exposure time.
 At last Try to avoid radiological procedure.