Gen. Biology 2. Animal and Plant System and their functions

1. Animal and Plant Organs & Systems

3. Tissue: cells that are grouped together with a common
function.
Organ: Tissues that are grouped together with a
common function.
Types of Tissues
Epithelial (found in animal cells)
-Lines and Protects the organs.

4. Muscle - Allows movement
Nervous-sends signals and messages
Connective- connects, supports, and
protects the body

5. • Organ systems: A collection of organs joined in
structural unit to serve a common
function.
Types: Respiratory, Circulatory, Digestive,
Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular,
Nervous, Endocrine, Excretory,
Reproductive, Lymphatic

6. Respiration
• Exchange of O2 and CO2 between an organism and
its external environment.
• Respiratory System: Supplies O2 to the cells and
removes CO2.
• Major organs in this system are the Trachea,
Bronchi, Bronchiole tubes, Lungs, and Alveoli.

7. Inhalation:

8. The Circulatory System:
• Definition: Transports materials throughout the
organism.
• Functions:
 Delivers vital nutrients & O2 to cells
 Eliminates Waste
 chemical messengers (hormones)
 Regulates body temperature
Major Organ: Heart

9. • Significant Parts:
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
• Systemic Circulation– between heart and body cells
• Pulmonary Circulation– between heart and lungs
• Cardiac Circulation– through the heart muscle

10. Digestion
Breakdown of food into smaller parts that can be
absorbed or assimilated
System: Supplies nutrients to organism and excretes
undigestation wastes
• Major Organs: Esophagus, Stomach, Liver,
Pancreas, small and large intestines

11. The Process
• Once the food enters your body, it travels from the mouth
down a tube called the esophagus.
• the food moves along the esophagus because of the rythmic
constriction and relaxation of the smooth muscles that line
the esophagus-peristalsis.
• Food then enters the stomach. The stomach churns the
food and mixes it with the digestive juices and enzymes.
• Finally, the digested nutrients and undigested waste
products move into the small and large intestines, which are
areas of chemical digestion and removal of wastes.
• Solid wastes are stored in the rectum and exit the body
through the anus.

12. • Our body systems function in a way to maintain
hemeostasis, which means “steady state”
• Organ systems are interdependent on each other
because the action of one system contributes to the
action of another system.

13. Skin and the Integumentary System
• THE LARGEST ORGAN IN YOUR BODY IS THE SKIN
Integumentary System is the external covering of
the body, including skin, hair, nails and sweat
glands.
It is responsible for excreting wastes and regulating
body temperature.
It is also the location of sensory receptors for pain,
pressure, and temperature.

14. 6 Parts:
• Epidermis, which is the protective layer of the skin and
makes Vitamin D.
• Dermis Layer which is the inner layer of the skin and is
made of connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
• Blood Vessels, which dilates when hot to release heat.
• Sweat pores/gland, which makes sweat to cool down the
body temperature.
• Nerve, which allows the body to feel pain, pressure,
heat, and cold
• Muscles, which cause movement and specific feelings
(goosebumps)

15. There are 7 functions of the
Integumentary system:
1. Protective Covering
2. Regulates Body Temperature
3. Manufactures Vitamin D
4. Sensory Function
5. Temporary storage of fat, glucose, and water
6. Screens out harmful UV radiation
7. Absorbs certain substances through the skin, such
as chemicals and drugs

16. Vector Borne Diseases
• Is a disease carried by organisms that travel to other organisms
and from one host to another.
• Ex. Malaria:
Caused by a microscopic protozoan parasite.
Transmitted by the female mosquito between human hosts.
Climate constrains the range of many vector borne diseases
VBDs are currently found mainly in tropical or sub-tropical areas
Weather affects the timing and intensity of the disease
Socioeconomic factors also affect distribution of VBDs
Good public health infrastructure.

17. Interdependance of Animal Organ
Systems
• All the organ systems in the human body are
interdependant
-this means that the action of one system contributes to
the action of another system.
-Each one of your organ systems are groups of organs that
work together to carry out specific duties in your body.
-Some organs contribute essential work to more than one
organ system.
• Pancreas-plays an important role in endocrine and
digestion system

18. SkeletoMuscular System
• (combination of skeletal and muscular system)
-allows one to move
-support and movement of organism
-reservoir for endocrine systems
• Integumentary and immune system play critical
roles in preventing life threatening infections of all
your organ systems

19. Cardiorespiratory System
• Brings in O2 that cardiovascular system delivers to
all of your cells.
• respiratory system plays a vital role in blood pH
maintenance.
• All organ systems are regulated by your nervous and
endocrine systems-those to systems are the co-
directors of all your body’s movement-to-movement
actions

20. Plant Organs

21. • Plant Organs Include:
• Roots
• Leaves
• Stems
• Flower or FruiT

22. • Leaf
-the Leaf is a major site of photosynthesis
-sugars created here are moved to other parts of the
plant.
-O2 and excess water are excreted from here.

23. • Stomata
Carbon dioxide enters here, and oxygen and
excess water exit through openings in the leaf
epidermal tissue called the stomata.
These openings are controlled by species cells
known as guard cells

24. Stem
-Transports water and nutrients throughout the plant.
-The sugar produced is carried by vascular tissues to
the rest of the plant.
-supports leaves and flowers.

25. The Roots
-anchor the plant in the soil
-collect water from the surrounding soil
-store food that is made in other parts of the plant
-bottom of root, covered with epidermal tissue,
known as root cap
-meristematic tissue, which allows the root to grow

26. • Flower
-The flower contains male organs called stamens
-consists of filament
-the anther produces pollen
-also contains female organs, called pistil–> consists of
ovary, style, and stigma
-When pollen and an egg unite, the fertilized egg
becomes a seed.