A broadcast receiver is an Android component that allows an app to register to receive notifications for system-wide or application-specific events. When an event occurs, all receivers registered for that event receive an intent in their onReceive() method. For example, apps can register for the ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED event to perform tasks after system boot. Receivers are lightweight and may be recycled by the system after onReceive() finishes. They can be registered statically in the manifest or dynamically at runtime via Context.registerReceiver(). The BroadcastReceiver class must be extended to implement the onReceive() callback.