The document discusses the fundamentals of Android applications, including project structure, the Android manifest file, resources, activities and the activity lifecycle. It explains that the project structure includes folders for code, resources, Gradle files and libraries. The manifest declares application components and properties. Resources include files for images, strings, layouts and more. Activities represent screens with user interfaces and have a lifecycle that involves starting, resuming, pausing and stopping.

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Fundamentals of Android
Applications
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2. ACADGILD
 Project Structure
 Android Manifest
 Resources
 Types of Resources
 Core Component – Activity
 Activity Life Cycle
 Summary
Contents
2Fundamentals of Android Applications

3. ACADGILD
. 1.idea - the project specific metadata is stored by
Android Studio.
2. Project Module (application) - This is the
project folder where your application code
resides. Its sub directories are:
1. build: This has all the output of the make
process i.e. classes.dex, compiled classes,
and resources, etc.
2. libs : This is a commonly seen folder in
eclipse land too, which optionally can hold
the libraries or .jar files.
3. src: The src folder can have both
application code (main) & android unit test
script(“androidTest”). The java folder
contains all the java codes and res contains
drawables, layouts, etc.
3. Gradle - This is where the gradle build system’s
jar wrapper i.e. this jar is how Android System
communicates with gradle installed in OS
4. External Libraries - A place where Referenced
Libraries are found and also target SDK Platform
Project Structure
3Fundamentals of Android Applications
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• Metadata of Android Application.
• Syntax :
<manifest>
<!-- Elements for Application properties should come here -->
<application>
<!-- Elements for application components should come here -->
</application>
</manifest>
Android Manifest
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• Resources are the additional files
and static content that your code
uses.
• For any type of resource, you can
specify default and multiple
alternative resources for your
application.
Resources
5Fundamentals of Android Applications

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1. Some attributes have values that can be displayed to users — for example, a label and
an icon for an activity.
• The values of these attributes should be localized and therefore set from a resource
or theme.
• Resource values are expressed in the following format : @[package:]type:name
2. The package name can be omitted if the resource is in the same package as the
application, type is a type of resource — such as "string" or "drawable" — and name is
the name that identifies the specific resource.
• For example: <activity android:icon="@drawable/smallPic" . . . >
3. Values from a theme are expressed in a similar manner, but with an initial '?' rather
than '@‘.
• For Example: ?[package:]type:name
Resources
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Animation Resources
• Tween animations are saved in res/anim/ and accessed from the R.anim class.
• Frame animations are saved in res/drawable/ and accessed from
the R.drawable class.
Color State List Resource
• Define a color resources that changes based on the View state.
• Saved in res/color/ and accessed from the R.color class.
Drawable Resources
• Define various graphics with bitmaps or XML.
• Saved in res/drawable/ and accessed from the R.drawable class.
Layout Resource
• Define the layout for your application UI.
• Saved in res/layout/ and accessed from the R.layout class.
Type of Resources
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Menu Resource
• Define the contents of your application menus.
• Saved in res/menu/ and accessed from the R.menu class.
String Resources
• Define strings, string arrays, and plurals (and include string formatting and styling).
• Saved in res/values/ and accessed from the R.string, R.array, and R.plurals classes.
Style Resource
• Define the look and format for UI elements.
• Saved in res/values/ and accessed from the R.style class.
More Resource Types
• Define values such as booleans, integers, dimensions, colors, and other arrays.
• Saved in res/values/ but each accessed from unique R sub-classes (such
as R.bool, R.integer, R.dimen, etc.)
Type of Resources
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Activity
 Every screen in an Android application is an Activity.
 Activity will always have a User Interface (abbreviated as UI).
 It is not possible to have an Activity without a UI.
Core Component Activity
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Activity Life Cycle
10Fundamentals of Android Applications
Save Important
Data

11. ACADGILD
 We have seen the initial project structure
– AndroidManifest,
– Resources.
 Activity and its Life Cycle.
 Importance of onPause method.
Summary
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Glossary
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Terms Description
Tween animation Creates an animation by performing a series of
transformations on a single image with an Animation
Frame animation Creates an animation by showing a sequence of images in
order with an AnimationDrawable.