Android is an open-source software platform and operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux kernel. It allows developers to write managed code in Java and offers a unified approach to application development so an app can run on numerous devices. The architecture of Android includes four main layers - the Linux kernel, libraries, Android runtime, and applications framework.

1. Android
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2. What is Android?
 A software platform and operating system for mobile
devices
 Based on the Linux kernel
 Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance
(OHA)
 Allows writing managed code in the Java language
 Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on 5
November 2007
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3. Android
“ It is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware and key applications “
 Released under the open-source Apache License
 Offers a unified approach to application development
 Need to develop only for Android
 Application can run on numerous devices
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4. Features of Android
 Storage - SQLite, a lightweight relational database for data
storage
 Connectivity – GSM/EDGE, CDMA, UMTS, WiFi, WiMAX
 Media Support
 Hardware Support – Accelerometer Sensor, Digital Compass,
Proximity Sensor and GPS
 Multi-touch and Multi-tasking
 Flash Support – Android 2.3 (Flash 10.1)
 Tethering – sharing of Internet connection as a wired/wireless
hotspot
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5. Architecture of Android
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6.  Android OS is roughly divided into five sections in four
main layers:
• Contain all the Low level drivers for various hardware
components of Android
Linux Kernel
• Code for main features
• SQLite library- data storage
• WebKit library – functions for web browsing
Libraries
• Set of Core libraries – enable developers to write
Android Apps using Java Programming
Android Runtime
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7. • Expose various capabilities of Android – developers
use them in their Apps
Application Framework
• Apps that ship with the Android device (like Phone,
Contacts, Browser etc..)
• Apps that download and install from Android Market
Applications
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8. Android Development
• IDE for Android
Apps
Eclipse
• Debugger, libraries,
emulator, docs,
sample code and
tutorials
Android SDK
• Pug-in for Eclipse IDE
for Creation-
Debugging
ADT (Android
Development Toolkit)
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9. • .java source files of your Projectsrc
• Android.jar , contain all class
libraries
Android 2.3
• R.Java – compiler generated file for
all resources in your project
Gen
• All HTML, txt files, database assets
used by your apps
assects
• Resources used in your ApplicationRes
• Specify permission for your
Application
• Other features like intent-filters,
receivers etc.
AndroidManifest.x
ml
Application Structure
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10. How to Start….
 Eclipse
 File
  New Project
  Android – Android Project
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12. Various Layouts
• Arrange the views in Single Row or Single Column
Linear Layout
• Enables to set the exact location of its children
Absolute Layout
• Group views into rows and column
• <TableRow> - designet a Row in the Table
Table Layout
• Enables you to set child position relative to each other
Relative Layout
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