A leaf is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, flower, and fruit collectively form the shoot system A leaf is made up of three main parts: the blade (lamina), the petiole (leaf stalk), and the stipules. The blade is the flat, green surface of the leaf, and is made up of veins and veinlets. The petiole is a long, thin stalk that connects the blade to the stem. The stipules are two small leaf-like structures located on either side of the petiole base.

1. ANATOMY OF DICOT AND
MONOCOT LEAF
RASHMI M G
1ST Year MSc. Botany
MAHARANI’S SCIENCE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN
MYSORE

2. INTRODUCTION
Leaves-
– lateral expansions of the
axis.
– Green in color.
– Characterized by broad or
thin lamina.
– Organs of limited growth.
– Develops as protrusion
from shoot apex.

3. TYPES OF LEAVES
3 types on the basis of their position on the
stem.
Radical- arising as if from root. Ex. Raphanus.
Cauline- arising from unbranched axis directly. Ex.
Maize.
Ramal- arising from the branches. Ex- Dicot trees.

4. TYPES OF LEAVES
3 types on the basis of morphology
 Dorsiventral- also called as bifacial type with dissimilar
upper and lower leaf surfaces. Ex- dicot leaf.
 Isobilateral- also called as unifacial with similar type of
upper and lower surfaces. Ex- monocot leaf.
 Centric- circular in section and are with tissues
distributed evenly. Ex- Allium cepa.

5. DORSIVENTRAL LEAVES
Examples of dorsiventral leaves-
o Leaves of mango
o Leaves of banyan
o Leaves of oleander

6. ANATOMY OF MANGO LEAF

7. ANATOMY OF BANYAN LEAF

8. ANATOMY OF OLEANDER LEAF

9. ISOBILATERAL LEAF
Examples of isobilateral leaves-
o Leaves of maize
o Leaves of bamboo

10. ANATOMY OF MAIZE LEAF

11. ANATOMY OF BAMBOO LEAF

12. CENTRIC LEAF
Examples of centric leaves-
o Leaves of onion

13. ANATOMY OF ONION LEAF

14. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DICOT
AND MONOCOT LEAVES
DICOT LEAF MONOCOT LEAF
stomata on epidermis are present on
lower surface, therefore leaves are
hyopstomatics types.
stomata are found on both the surfaces of
leaves, therefore leaves are
amphistomatic types.
guard cells are kidney shaped. guard cells are dumbbell shaped.
in epidermis, bulliform cells are not
found.
bulliform cells are generally present.
mesophyll tissues are generally well
differentiated into palisade and spongy
cells.
mesophyll tissues are not differentiated
into palisade and spongy cells .
intercellular spaces are large and
numerous .
intercellular spaces are fewer and smaller.

15. CONCLUSION
Leaves are organs of manufacturing food due to
the presence of green pigments containing cells
in them, they actively participate in
transpiration.
It is regarded as lateral expansions of the stem.
Leaves arise as a protrusion from the
promeristem of shoot apex. This protrusion is
known as leaf primordium which originates by
anticlinal and periclinal divisions of outer layer
of apical meristem.

16. REFERENCE
• A TEXTBOOK OF BOTANY, PLANT ANATOMY
AND ECONOMIC BOTANY, VOLUME III, S N
PANDEY, A CHADHA, VIKAS PUBLICATIONS.
PAGE NO. 149-161.