Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto was a Finnish architect and designer considered the "Father of Modernism" in Nordic countries. He designed over 500 buildings across various styles from Nordic Classicism to International style to a personal Modernism. Notable works include the Paimio Sanatorium, Viipuri Library, and Finlandia Hall concert hall in Helsinki. Aalto made contributions in numerous areas including architecture, furniture, textiles and glassware. He is regarded as the most influential architect of Nordic Modernism.
Alvar Aalto:Finnish architect and designer, as well as a sculptor and painter. His work includes architecture, furniture, textiles and glassware.
Download from this Link :http://festyy.com/wgrIx7
Visit our website for more presentations: https://architecture2018z.wixsite.com/architecturez
Less is more
OUTLINE
Intro
Biography
Pioneers of Modern architecture
Philosophy
Style
Features
Traditionalism to Modernism
Characteristic features
Furniture
Works
Chicago school
Barcelona pavilion
S.r crown hall
Theory Of Design - Louis Sullivan. Buildings covered in this presentation are - Auditorium Building (Chicago) , Wainwright Building, Carson Pierie Scott and company building, transportation building, louis sullivan bungalow ,
Alvar Aalto:Finnish architect and designer, as well as a sculptor and painter. His work includes architecture, furniture, textiles and glassware.
Download from this Link :http://festyy.com/wgrIx7
Visit our website for more presentations: https://architecture2018z.wixsite.com/architecturez
Less is more
OUTLINE
Intro
Biography
Pioneers of Modern architecture
Philosophy
Style
Features
Traditionalism to Modernism
Characteristic features
Furniture
Works
Chicago school
Barcelona pavilion
S.r crown hall
Theory Of Design - Louis Sullivan. Buildings covered in this presentation are - Auditorium Building (Chicago) , Wainwright Building, Carson Pierie Scott and company building, transportation building, louis sullivan bungalow ,
Follow me on my youtube channel for more presentations - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCi1h2I3vQHgIpIrSYEX1wfw?view_as=subscriber
powerpoint slide includes the life history and works of walter gropius .
History
works and building
bauhaus movement
quotes by walter gropius
ARCHITECT ALVAR AALTO
presentation by 2nd-year students of bachelor of architecture, INDO GLOBAL COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE AFFILIATED WITH I.K. GUJRAL PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Follow me on my youtube channel for more presentations - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCi1h2I3vQHgIpIrSYEX1wfw?view_as=subscriber
powerpoint slide includes the life history and works of walter gropius .
History
works and building
bauhaus movement
quotes by walter gropius
ARCHITECT ALVAR AALTO
presentation by 2nd-year students of bachelor of architecture, INDO GLOBAL COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE AFFILIATED WITH I.K. GUJRAL PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Basic overview of the political, cultural and social influences on 20th century Architecture based on Kenneth Frampton's "Modern Architecture: A Critical History', for teaching fifth semester B.Arch students of University of Calicut.
MisuraEmme
PROFILE OF A GREAT ITALIAN BRAND
Misuraemme since 1902 has made an industrious and untiring contribution to "Made in Italy" values.
MisuraEmme's current industrial dimension and potential represent a strong heritage that has been built over time. A long history dedicated to a constantly evolving know-how, defining the company as an internationally-recognized Brand.
All MisuraEmme designs are original "made in Italy" creations. They represent an attentive monitoring of market trends and changes; well-rounded products with exclusive quality as their main ambition, permeated with the company's tenacious enthusiasm and manufactured
directly on our premises-part of a tested balance between the performance capacities typical of serial production and stylistic flair of a true designer.
Bernard Tschumi (born 25 January 1944 in Lausanne, Switzerland) is an architect, writer, and educator, commonly associated with deconstructivism. Son of the well-known Swiss architect Jean Tschumi and a French mother, Tschumi is a dual French-Swiss national who works and lives in New York City and Paris. He studied in Paris and at ETH in Zurich, where he received his degree in architecture in 1969.
le Corbusier was a Swiss-French architect, designer, painter, urban planner, writer, and one of the pioneers of what is now regarded as modern architecture. He was born in Switzerland and became a French citizen in 1930. His career spanned five decades, and he designed buildings in Europe, Japan, India, and North and South America.
Brutalist buildings are characterized by minimalist constructions that showcase the bare building materials and structural elements over decorative design.The style commonly makes use of exposed concrete or brick, angular geometric shapes, and a predominantly monochrome colour palette;
Moshe Safdie CC FAIA FRAIC (Hebrew: משה ספדיה; born July 14, 1938) is an Israeli-Canadian architect, urban designer, educator, theorist, and author. He is most identified with designing Marina Bay Sands and Jewel Changi Airport, as well as his debut project Habitat 67, which was originally conceived as his Master's thesis while studying at McGill University and paved the way for his international career.
adolf loos was born on 10th December 1870 in Austria-Hungary.
He died on 23rd august 1933 at Vienna-Austria.
Some of his main buildings were Steiner house, Goldman & Salatsch building.
He was an Austrian & Czechoslovak architect and influential European theorist of modern architecture.
MUGHAL GARDENS ARE THE GROUP OF GARDENS BUILT BY THE MUGHALS
IN THE ISLAMIC STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE.
TYPICAL FEATURES-
POOLS
FOUNTAINS
CANALS INSIDE THE GARDENS
RIVER FRONT GARDENS THAN FORTRESS GARDENS
MUGHAL GARDENS ARE DIVIDED INTO THREE SECTIONS-
RECTANGULAR PEAL GARDEN
LONG BUTTERFLY GARDEN
CIRCULAR GARDENS
TERRACED GARDEN
The city of Tel-Aviv originates in the late 1880s, with the first move by Jews outside the walls of Jaffa, then a small port town connected by a developed road system to other cities in the region.
In an attempt to create modern neighborhoods without the need of the defensive system of the town walls, which no longer offered protection in advanced warfare techniques.
Washington Union Station is a major train station, transportation hub, and leisure destination in Washington, D.C. Opened in 1907,
it is Amtrak s headquarters and the railroad's second-busiest station with an annual ridership of just under 5 million and the ninth-busiest
in overall passengers served in the United States. The station is the southern terminus of the Northeast Corridor , an electrified rail line extending north through major cities including Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York City, and Boston and the busiest passenger rail line in the nation
A bus station is a structure where city or intercity buses stop to pick up and drop off passengers.
Bus geometrics, or the physical dimensions and maneuverability of the bus, determine the width of roadways, shapes of platforms, column spacing, ceiling heights, and other aspects of bus- level design.
Intermodal transport hub – an international case study
Denver Union Station is the main railway station and central transportation hub in Denver, Colorado. It is located at 17th and Wynkoop Streets in the present-day LoDo district and includes the historic terminal building, a train shed, a 22-gate underground bus facility, and light rail station.
In 2012, the station underwent a major renovation transforming it into the centerpiece of a new transit-oriented mixed-use development built on the site's former railyards.
The station house re-opened in the summer of 2014 as a combination of the 112-room Crawford Hotel, several restaurants and retails and a dining hall.
Islamic architecture and influence on India, concept of the char bagh and the buildings of Fatehpur Sikri ....
Fatehpur Sikri is a town in the Agra District of Uttar Pradesh, India. The city itself was founded as the capital of Mughal Empire in 1571 by Emperor Akbar, serving this role from 1571 to 1585, when Akbar abandoned it due to a campaign in Punjab and was later completely abandoned in 1610.
Byzantine architecture ,
The early Greeks settlers from manga were led by some banzais from whom the name Byzantine was derived . Later it was called as Byzantium
Bikaner is a city in the northwest, of the state of Rajasthan in northern India. It is located 330 kilometres (205 mi) northwest of the state capital, Jaipur. Bikaner city is the administrative headquarters of Bikaner District and Bikaner division.
It is located in the following latitude and longitude 27°11' and 29°03' N and 71°54' and 74°12' E.
Uttam Chand was born in 1934 in Melwara, Rajasthan.
He completed his schooling at jodhpur Rajasthan.
Handled institutional buildings, commercial complexes, recreational facilities, tourists projects, luxury hotels, theatres, housing, private residences, and university campus layout
Truss derives from the Old French word trousse, from around 1200, which means "collection of things bound together". The term truss has often been used to describe any assembly of members such as a cruck frame.
The development of railroads in the 1820s has a particular significance for structural engineers.
Railroads created an urgent need for bridges able to carry heavy moving loads and for new building
KANDARIYA MAHADEV MANDIR), meaning "the Great God of the Cave", is the largest and most ornate Hindu temple in the medieval temple group found at Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is considered one of the best examples of temples preserved from the medieval period in India. The temple is dedicated to Shiva, in the form of a linga. It was made in 1030 by King Vidhyadhara of Chandela dynasty.
Culture Primary deity Shiva(Mahadeva) Architecture Architectural styles North Indian History and governance Date built circa 1030 Creator King Vidyadhara of the Chandela dynasty
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto
(1898–1976) was a Finnish
architect and designer,
sometimes called the
"Father of Modernism" in
the nordic countries. His
work includes architecture,
furniture, textiles and
glassware. Aalto's early
career runs in parallel with
the rapid economic growth
and industrialization of
Finland during the first half
of the twentieth century
and many of his clients
were industrialists
3. Aalto’s career spans
changed from Nordic
Classicism to
International style to
a more personal
Modernism. His wide
field of activities ranged
from
city planning and
architecture to interior
designing, glassware and
painting.
He designed over 500
buildings of which around
300 were built.
4. The following year he married architect
Aino Marsio. Their honeymoon journey to
Italy sealed an intellectual bond with the
culture of the Mediterranean region that
was to remain important to Aalto for the
rest of his life. In 1927 Aalto started
collaborating with architect Erik Bryggman.
The office moved again in 1933 to Helsinki.
The Aaltos designed and built a joint
house-office for themselves in Helsinki,
but later had a purpose-built office built in
the same neighbourhood.
Life
Alvar Aalto was born in Finland. His father, Johan Aalto, was a land-surveyor
and his mother, Selma Matilda was a post-mistress. Aalto studied at the
Jyväskylä Lyceum school, completing his basic education in 1916. In 1916 he
then enrolled to study architecture at the Helsinki University of Technology,
graduating in 1921. In 1923 he returned to Jyväskylä, where he opened his
first architectural office.
Alvar Aalto Studio
5. Career
Aalto is regarded as the most influential architects of Nordic Modernism.
However, he first started off with Nordic Classicism, a style that had begun as a
reaction to the local Romanticism movement.
He was a member of the International Congress of Modern Architecture, and it
was during this time that he closely started following the works of the main
driving force behind the modernism movement, Le Corbusier.
House Of Culture, Helsinki
Aalto Theater, Essen, Germany
6. It was only after the completion of the Paimio
Sanitarium (1929) and the Viipuri library
(1935) THAT he achieved global fame. His
reputation in the USA grew following his
design of the Finnish Pavilion at the 1939
World Trade Fair and consequently he was
invited to MIT as a guest lecturer, in 1941. He
involved his students in low cost small scale
housing for war refugees. During this period he
also designed a dormitory, Baker House, his
first from the redbrick period.
Back in Finland, his red brick style was further used in
the new Helsinki University of Technology and
Saynatsalo Town Hall, among others.
The 1960 and 1970s were marked by key works,
including a town plan in the center of Helsinki, of
which only the Concert Hall was constructed.
Baker House
Auditorium, Helsinki Univ. of Tech.
7. Works
The Aalto Vase, also known as the Savoy Vase, is a
world famous piece of glassware and an iconic piece of
Finnish design created by Alvar Aalto and his wife Aino
Marsio, (inspired by the dress of a Sami woman). It
became known as the Savoy vase because it was one of
a range of custom furnishings and fixtures created by
Alvar Aalto and Anio for the luxury Savoy restaurant in
Helsinki that opened in 1937.
The Aaltos designed several different types of furniture
for the Paimio Sanatorium. The best known of the
furniture pieces is his cantilevered birch wood Paimio
Chair, which was specifically designed for tuberculosis
patients to sit in for long hours each day. Aalto argued
that the angle of the back of the chair was the perfect
angle for the patient to breathe most easily.
8. The Säynätsalo Town Hall is a multifunction building complex – town hall,
shops, library and flats – designed by Alvar Aalto.
The design of the Town Hall in Säynätsalo
was influenced by both Finnish vernacular
architecture and the humanist Italian
renaissance. It was the Italian Renaissance
from which Aalto drew inspiration for the
courtyard arrangement The town hall is
crowned by the council chamber, a double-
height space which is capped by the Aalto-
designed "Butterfly" trusses. It is
approached from the main entrance hall a
floor below via a ramp which wraps around
the main tower structure under a row of
clerestory ribbon windows.
9. Aalto used brick and accented by timber and copper.
He saw his buildings as organisms made of up of
individual cells. This principle informed Aalto's use of
traditional building materials such as brick which is,
by nature, cellular. The bricks were even laid slightly
off-line to create a dynamic and enlivened surface
condition.
The massive brick envelope is punctuated by periods
of vertical striation in the form of timber columns
which evoke Säynätsalo's setting in a heavily
forested area.
Another distinctive feature at Säynätsalo is the grass
stairs which compliment a regular set of stairs
adjacent to the tower council chambers. The grass
stairs also evoke notions of ancient Greek and Italian
architecture through the establishment of a form
resembling a simple amphitheater condition.
leading to the council chamber. The apartment
spaces occupy both the first and second stories on
the east end.
10. Villa Mairea is a villa, guest-house and rural retreat built by the Finnish architect
Alvar Aalto for Harry and Maire Gullichsen. The plan of the Villa Mairea is a modified
L-shape of the kind Aalto had used before. It is a layout which automatically created a
semi-private enclosure to one side, and a more exclusive, formal edge to confront the
public world on the other. The lawn and the swimming pool are situated in the angle
of the L, with a variety of rooms overlooking them. Horizontals and overhangs in the
main composition echo the ground plane, and the curved pool weds the nearby
forest topography. The interiors of the Villa Mairea are richly articulated in wood,
stone and brick. The spaces vary in size from the grand to cabin like.
Aalto began work on the Villa towards the end of 1937. Early in 1938, however,
inspiration came from a radically different source, named Frank Lloyd Wright’s
‘Fallingwater’, which had just received international acclaim The influence of
Fallingwater is evident in several sheets of studies, Aalto envisaged an L-shaped plan
similar to that of his own house.
11. The entrance opens into a small top-lobby, from which another door straight ahead
leads into an open hall positioned four steps below the main level. One enters on
axis with the dining table beyond, but the axiality is undermined by the asymmetry
of a screen of wooden poles and a free-standing, angled wall which together define
an informal ante-room between the living room and dining room. The open living
room is planned around a structural grid whose dimensions are adjusted to suit the
disposition of rooms above. The flat roof of the dining room is extended to form a
covered terrace, which connects with the irregular roof of the small timber sauna.
The terrace is served by a fire which backs up against the fireplace in the dining
room, and over which a rustic stone staircase rises to the wooden deck on the roof.
The guest bedrooms are disposed along a single-banked corridor and look out full-
height windows and present a blank wall to the family’s private garden.
12. Finlandia Hall is a concert hall with a congress wing in Helsinki, Finland, by Alvar Aalto.
Alvar Aalto was commissioned by the City of Helsinki to design a concert and congress
building, the first constructed part of a great central city plan, The main features of the
building's exterior are the great horizontal mass of the building proper and the
towering auditorium that rises above it. The main external wall material is Carrara
marble and with copper roofs, The marble continues in the interior. Apart from the
auditorium, the main feature of the interior is the shallow and broad 'Venetian'
staircase leading from the ground-floor foyer to both the main auditorium and
chamber music hall.
Contemporary to the designing of the opera
house in Essen, the design for Finlandia Hall
shows some of the same features:
asymmetricity, acoustical wall structures and
the contrast between the marble balconies
and cobalt blue walls in the concert hall
There is a further design fault in the plan of
the auditorium, which Aalto derived from a
classical Greek theatre. But while such a form
was suited to theatre and classical oratories,
it is not suitable for a concert hall.
13. Finlandia hall was completed in 1971, and the first concert took place on 2
December 1971. The congress wing was being designed even before the completion
of the main wing, and was completed in 1975. It was opened just in time for the
Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (later to be renamed OSCE),
during which the heads of state from thirty-two countries visited Helsinki.
Problems:
Over the years the 3 cm thick marble
slabs had tended to curve: the slabs were
too thin and were affected by the harsh
winter weather conditions and pollution.
The same problem has also affected
other buildings in Helsinki by Aalto in
which he used Carrara marble slabs (e.g.
The Enso-Gutzeit Building). Furthermore,
the upper-floor balconies overhang the
last few rows of seats in the ground-floor
stalls, thus muffling the sound in those
seats.
14. Other Works
1921 – 1923: Bell tower of Kauhajärvi Church, Lapua, Finland
1924 – 1928: Municipal hospital, Alajärvi, Finland
1926 – 1929: Defence Corps Building, Jyväskylä, Finland
1931 : Central University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
1932 : – Villa Tammekann, Tartu, Estonia
1958 – 1972: North Jutland Art Museum, Aalborg, Denmark
1959 – 1962: Enso-Gutzeit Headquarters, Helsinki, Finland
1962 : Aalto-Hochhaus, Bremen, Germany
1965 : Regional Library of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
1965 – 1968: Nordic House, Reykjavík, Iceland
1970 : Mount Angel Abbey Library, Mt. Angel, Oregon, USA
1959 – 1988: Essen opera house, Essen, Germany
1932 : Paimio Chair[6]
15. Awards and Memorials
•Gold Medal – RIBA (1957)
•Gold Medal – AIA (1963)
•Eponym of Alvar Aalto Medal
•Featured on 50 markka note
•Commemorated on Finnish stamps in 1976
•Aalto University (amalgamation of Helsinki Univ. of Tech and
Helsinki School Of Economics) to be set up in 2010