The document explores altruism in animals, defining it as the sacrifice of an individual's resources for the benefit of others. It provides various examples, including behaviors in crows, honey bees, elephants, and vampire bats, highlighting the role of kin selection. Additionally, it discusses the advantages and disadvantages of altruistic behavior in the animal kingdom.

1. ALTRUISM

2. Altruism in Animals
 Introduction
 Definition
 Examples
1: Altruism in crows
2: Altruism in Honey bees
3: Altruism in baboon monkeys
4: Altruism in Elephants
5: Altruism in Vampire Bats
6: Altruism in Dedication of the deep sea Octopus
7:Altruism in Earwig
8: Altruism in Sand Grouse
9: Altruism in ringed seal
10: Altruism in Ants
 Advantages of altruism
 Disadvantages of altruism

3. Introduction:
The term Altruism was was coined by
French Philosopher August Comte in
French, as altruism, which means “ other
people” or “somebody else”.

4. Definition:
“ The interaction in which an individual
gives up or sacrifice its own energy and
time to benefit others individuals known
as altruism”.

5. Kin selection:
Kin selection is the evolutionary strategy
that favors the reproductive success of an
organism's relatives, even at a cost to the
organism's own survival and
reproduction. Kin altruism can look like
altruistic behavior whose evolution is
driven by kin selection.

6. Altruism in Crows:
It occur when one individual of a group
of crows gives an alarm call .
It warns the others individual of the
group from the predator.
This call me attract the predator to the
sender of signals.

7. Altruism in Honey Bees:
The Honey bee workers spend their life
looking after their brothers and sisters .
If someone throws a stone on their hives
these workers attacks to protect the hves
and their brother and sister even by lose
their life.

8. Altruism in Baboon monkeys:
Female Baboon protects its offspring.
It also cares for its offspring for about six
years.

9. Altruism in Elephant:
Elephants are thought to be highly
altruistic animals that even aid other
species, including humans, in distress.
When an elephant is hurt, other
elephants (even if they are unrelated) aid
them.

10. Altruism in Vampire Bats:
 Vampire bats also display reciprocal altruism,
as described by Wilkinson. The bats feed each
other by vomit blood. Since bats only feed on
blood and will die, after just 70 hours of not
eating, this food sharing is a great benefit to
the receiver and a great cost to the giver.

11. Altruism in Octopus:
 Once the eggs have been laid in a safe place
she will push currents of water over the eggs
so they get enough oxygen, keeping them
alive. So busy is the female octopus her food
intake lowers and often mothers just fade
away to nothing in an effort to keep the
babies alive.

12. Altruism in Earwig:
The earwig is a clever and caring parent
insect who, once the eggs are ready to
burst, will help her babies break through
the egg skin.

13. Altruism in sand Grouse:
 The sand grouse of southern Africa displays
amazingly caring behavior by travelling long
distances to fetch much needed water for its young.
The male often flies miles to a fresh water lake where
it will wade in and immerse itself in the life saving
waters. Special feathers with extra barbules on help
keep the water close to the bird's breast as it flies
back to the nest.
 When the young have had their fill, snuggling up
close, the adult bird then dries off again before
starting another water journey.

14. Altruism in Ringed Seal:
 Out in the freezing snow and ice of the Arctic
the ringed seal has many enemies who would
easily make a meal of the young. Polar bears
and orca whales are amongst them. To help
keep her pups safe the mother builds a neat
snow cave or lair above the ice where her
babies, hidden from view, can keep safe.
 Inside she can feed and care for her offspring
and help them grow into healthy young adults.

15. Altruism in Ants:
Army ants perform the altruism
behavior that an ant sacrifices its own
well-being for the benefit of another
ants. They build bridges using their
own bodies along the path from a
food to the nest.

16. Advantages of Altruism in animals:
it helps reduce negative feelings.
It is associated with better material
relationship, a decreased sense Of
hoplessness,less depression increase
physical health and enhanced self esteem
.

17. Disadvantages of Altruism in animals:
The animal reduce its own fitness.
Natural selection leads us to expect
animal to behave in ways that increase
their chances of survival and
reproduction, not those of other.

18. THANK YOU