This document defines behaviorism as a theory that measures observable behaviors and responses to stimuli. It discusses how behaviorists believe learning occurs through positive and negative reinforcement in response to external stimuli, without internal cognitive processing. It profiles the influential behaviorists Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner, and Albert Bandura, and their classic conditioning experiments with animals. The document also considers how teachers can apply behaviorist principles in the classroom using rewards and technology, and how students are expected to learn through conditioning of behaviors.