Cambridge | Jan-14 | Bioenergy from Plants and Algae: Plant Biomass and Algae - pt 1
•
3 likes•1,115 views
Presentation by Alison Smith, Cambridge University, Smart Villages Technology Workshop, Cambridge 14 January 2014 The purpose of the workshop was to bring together leading UK researchers to discuss emerging technologies for the sustainable production and use of energy in rural communities in developing countries, and to take a ‘look ahead’ at scientific developments and technologies that might be influential over the next 10 - 20 years. It was held under the auspices of the ‘smart villages’ initiative, a three - year project to advance sustain able energy provision for development in off - grid villages in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Viewers also liked (20)
Similar to Cambridge | Jan-14 | Bioenergy from Plants and Algae: Plant Biomass and Algae - pt 1
Similar to Cambridge | Jan-14 | Bioenergy from Plants and Algae: Plant Biomass and Algae - pt 1 (20)
More from Smart Villages
More from Smart Villages (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Cambridge | Jan-14 | Bioenergy from Plants and Algae: Plant Biomass and Algae - pt 1
- 1. UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Dept of Plant Sciences Alison G. Smith & Beatrix Schlarb-Ridley as25@cam.ac.uk , bgs21@cam.ac.uk Bioenergy from Plants and Algae – pt1 Smart Villages Workshop, January 2013
- 2. Hydro Tides & currents Wind Geothermal Solar Predicted need in 2050 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 TW Potential of renewable energy sources http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_energy_resources_and_consumption • Total solar radiation in one hour is > than annual energy use • Solar panels (photovoltaics) or photosynthesis
- 3. Biomass Bulk Biomass Different components can be extracted from the biomass Carbohydrate Lipids and hydrocarbons BiodieselBioethanol, Biobutanol Light / Land Biogas Anaerobic digestion Thermochemical conversion Burnt directly Electricity / Heat Syngas, Pyrolysis oil, Biochar Solar energy into plant biomass biofuel liquid transport fuels
- 4. First versus next generation biofuels • Current biofuels produced from edible parts of crop plants Oil from rapeseed or palm Starch from maize or wheat grain • Most plant biomass is in non-edible parts Carbohydrates in cell walls - cellulose, hemicellulose, lignins • Major technological developments needed Understand structure, identify degradative enzymes, manipulate proportions
- 5. Biomass Bulk Biomass Different components can be extracted from the biomass Carbohydrate Lipids and hydrocarbons BiodieselBioethanol, Biobutanol Light / Land Microalgae as an alternative Biogas Anaerobic digestion Thermochemical conversion Burnt directly Electricity / Heat Syngas, Pyrolysis oil, Biochar
- 6. Biomass Bulk Biomass Different components can be extracted from the biomass Carbohydrate Lipids and hydrocarbons BiodieselBioethanol, Biobutanol Light / Land Microalgae as an alternative • Don’t compete with crop plants • Rate of algal growth > land plants • Some strains make very high amounts of fuel molecules • Use of CO2, waste water Waste water from industry CO2 from fixed installations
- 7. palm oil oilseed rape soybean jatropha Nannochloropsis 5,950 1,190 446 1,892 136,900 Chisti et al. (2007) Biotechnology Advances, 25: 294–306 Estimates of potential oil yields (L/ha) • Current UK diesel use would require 27,000 ML/y biodiesel • 17.5 Mha for oilseed rape, 0.8 Mha for algae (UK land area = 24 Mha) Scott et al (2010) Curr Op Biotech 21:277–286
- 8. Algal Biofuel Pipeline Scott et al (2010) Curr Op Biotech 21:277–286 • Many separate aspects require optimisation • Current algal cultivation optimised for high value, low volume products
- 9. Meta-analysis of algal biodiesel LCAs 9 • Equivalent to land-based biofuels • Improvements might come from coproducts Liu et al (2012) Bioresource Tech 104: 803-806