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Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy Presented by Oilgae Team (www.oilgae.com)
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy
Alternative energy
Alternative Energy ,[object Object],[object Object]
Alternative energy ,[object Object],ENERGY SOURCE Renewable Energy Non Renewable   Energy Wind Solar Hydro Bio Based Geothermal Ocean Hydrogen Energy from  Waste Traditional Alternative Oil Gas Coal Synfuel Nuclear Oil shale Tar sands
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Nuclear energy Nuclear energy is the energy that is trapped inside each atom. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity.
Nuclear energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Synfuel ,[object Object]
Synfuel ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Oil shale ,[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Oil shale
[object Object],Wind Solar  Hydro Geothermal Hydrogen Bio based
[object Object],EPIA predicts solar will contribute 26% of total global energy needs by 2040.
Solar energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],“ The global wind market to grow by over 155% from its current size to reach 240 GW of total installed capacity by the year 2012” -Global Wind Energy Council The electricity produced by wind energy will reach over 500TWh in 2012 from 200TWh in 2007 accounting for around 3% of global electricity production
Wind energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hydroenergy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Hydroenergy - energy that is taken from water and converted to electricity
Geothermal Energy Geothermal Energy provides approximately 0.4% of the world global power generation, with a stable long term growth rate of 5%.
Geothermal Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hydrogen ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Alternative energy Current market potential
Biofuels
[object Object],Feedstock such as soybeans, palm, canola and rapeseed are considered first generation feedstock for biodiesel production, as they were the first crops to be tried for biodiesel production. Most first generation biodiesel feedstock could be used alternatively to make food for humans as well.
First generation biofuels ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Non-food bio-feedstocks are considered as feedstock for second generation biodiesel. Either by using standard transesterification method, or by using technologies such as biomass to liquid (BTL), such feedstock could be converted to biodiesel.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Second generation biofuels
[object Object],Algae are considered to belong to the third generation of biodiesel feedstock.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Third generation biofuels
Algae energy
[object Object],[object Object],History of energy from algae
Why is the field of algae energy interesting? Micro-algae are the fastest growing photosynthesizing organisms. They can complete an entire growing cycle every few days. Under optimum growing conditions micro-algae are reported to produce up to 15,000 gallons of oil/acre/year.
Why is the field of algae energy interesting? Grown under conditions which are unsuitable for conventional crop production.
Why is the field of algae energy interesting? Capable of fixing CO2 in the atmosphere, thus facilitating the reduction of increasing atmospheric CO2 levels, which are now considered a global problem. Algae biofuel is non-toxic, contains no sulfur, and is highly biodegradable.
Energy products from algae Biodiesel Ethanol Hydrogen Methane Biomass – where algae biomass is directly used for combustion Other hydrocarbon fuel variants, such as JP-8 fuel, gasoline, biobutanol etc.
[object Object],Cultivation of Microalgae species Harvesting of Microalgae Extraction of Oil from Microalgae Transesterification Biodiesel
[object Object],Fermentation Algae Biomass Ethanol
[object Object],Biomass Gasification Biogas Fermentation Dark Fermentation Steam Reformation H 2
[object Object],Algal Biomass Anaerobic digestion Methane
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Engineering Challenges in  Algae Energy
Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy ,[object Object],Biological Engineering challenges Chemical Mechanical
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy -  Strain selection The algal strains to be cultivated would be selected based on productivity, and harvest ability, resistance to contamination, tolerance of high oxygen levels and temperature extremes.
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy - Maximize Photosynthetic Efficiency
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy - Increase the rate at which the algae grow, in order to harvest quickly
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy - Increasing lipid production of algae further
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy Devising suitable yeast for ethanol fermentation
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Algae Cultivation – Open pond / Raceway pond
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy Algae Cultivation – Open pond/Raceway pond
Algae Cultivation - Photobioreactor
Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Algae Harvesting
Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy ,[object Object],Harvesting algae is much more difficult and energy intensive Cost of harvesting (where centrifuges or flocculants are used, the costs could be significant) Ability to determine the right time to extract oil from feedstock is critical.  Current methods to determine these are expensive, time consuming and unreliable Scaling up of harvesting systems
Drying of Algae
Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy ,[object Object],Methods of drying other than Solar are highly expensive Solar drying cannot be applied always Solar drying is a slow process High energy requirement
Algal Oil Extraction
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy Oil Extraction -Challenges
Fermentation of Algal Biomass
[object Object],Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy Low cost Fermenters Devising Closed loop reactors for recirculation of CO2 produced Automation of fermentation followed by distillation process
Gasification of Algal biomass
Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy ,[object Object],Very high capital cost EROEI – not clear
Conclusion “ Algae energy has excellent potential as a source of alternative energy but there are significant engineering challenges to be overcome”
Thank you

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Engineering challenges in algae energy

  • 1. Engineering Challenges in Algae Energy Presented by Oilgae Team (www.oilgae.com)
  • 2.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Nuclear energy Nuclear energy is the energy that is trapped inside each atom. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Geothermal Energy Geothermal Energy provides approximately 0.4% of the world global power generation, with a stable long term growth rate of 5%.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22. Alternative energy Current market potential
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 31.
  • 32. Why is the field of algae energy interesting? Micro-algae are the fastest growing photosynthesizing organisms. They can complete an entire growing cycle every few days. Under optimum growing conditions micro-algae are reported to produce up to 15,000 gallons of oil/acre/year.
  • 33. Why is the field of algae energy interesting? Grown under conditions which are unsuitable for conventional crop production.
  • 34. Why is the field of algae energy interesting? Capable of fixing CO2 in the atmosphere, thus facilitating the reduction of increasing atmospheric CO2 levels, which are now considered a global problem. Algae biofuel is non-toxic, contains no sulfur, and is highly biodegradable.
  • 35. Energy products from algae Biodiesel Ethanol Hydrogen Methane Biomass – where algae biomass is directly used for combustion Other hydrocarbon fuel variants, such as JP-8 fuel, gasoline, biobutanol etc.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51. Algae Cultivation – Open pond / Raceway pond
  • 52.
  • 53. Algae Cultivation - Photobioreactor
  • 54.
  • 56.
  • 58.
  • 60.
  • 62.
  • 64.
  • 65. Conclusion “ Algae energy has excellent potential as a source of alternative energy but there are significant engineering challenges to be overcome”