Alcohol pre med 13
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Alcohol is an organic compound that contains a hydroxyl functional group bound to a carbon atom. Common alcohols include ethanol, methanol, propanol, and butanol. The number of carbon atoms in an alcohol affects its solubility in water, as alcohols with more carbons are less polar and thus less soluble due to water's polarity.
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1) Crude oil is a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbons that can be separated into fractions of different molecular sizes and weights using fractional distillation.
2) Alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, and carboxylic acids are important organic compound classes that undergo reactions like addition, substitution, oxidation, elimination, cracking, and polymerization.
3) These compound classes are involved in important processes like the production of fuels from crude oil, and the synthesis of materials like plastics through polymerization reactions.
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This document provides a summary of key organic chemistry concepts in a flowchart format. It covers topics such as alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, crude oil, alkynes, polymers, fractional distillation, and common reaction types including addition, substitution, oxidation, cracking, elimination, halogenation, and polymerization. The flowchart is intended to help with revision for Organic Chemistry 2.5 and provides brief descriptions and examples for each topic with hyperlinks to navigate between pages.
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Alcohols contain an OH group bonded to a carbon atom. They have higher boiling points than alkanes due to hydrogen bonding between alcohol molecules. Common alcohols include methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol. Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of carbons bonded to the OH carbon. They can be prepared through hydration of alkenes. Physical properties depend on whether the polar OH group or nonpolar hydrocarbon chain dominates the molecule.
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The document also discusses the solubility, structure, and spectroscopic analysis of phenols.
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Alcohol pre med 13
- 2. Information • Functional group: A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a particular compound. • A number in front of a compound (ex: 2- propanol) represents where the functional group is located. • The number of carbon in alcohol affect it’s ability to be to soluble in water because CH parts are nonpolar and OH parts are polar. “ like dissolves in like” so the more carbon the harder it is to dissolve.
- 3. ALCOHOLS Ethyl Alcohol 1-octanol
- 4. ALCOHOLS 2-propanol also called isopropyl alcohol
- 5. • The most commonly used alcohol is ethanol, C2H5OH. • The simplest alcohol is methanol, CH3OH. • Other thank ethanol and methanol, butanol and propanol
- 6. • The hydroxyl functional group is bound to the carbon atom.
- 7. • The hydroxyl functional group is bound to the carbon atom.