Functional-Grou-WPS-Office.pptx
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This document discusses different functional groups that are commonly found in organic compounds. It describes the key characteristics of several functional groups including alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and amines. For each group, it identifies the specific atoms present, common bonding patterns, physical properties, naming conventions, and how they can be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary depending on their structure.
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Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds. 95% of known compounds contain carbon. Organic compounds are essential to life and are found in our bodies, fuels, medicines, plastics, and more. Carbon can form single, double, and triple bonds and bonds with many other elements, allowing for a huge diversity of organic compounds. Organic compounds are classified and studied based on their functional groups, which impart specific properties. Key functional groups include alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and amines.
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This document provides an overview of organic chemistry concepts including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and benzene. It discusses key topics such as:
- Organic compounds contain carbon and may also contain hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements.
- There are two main ways organic compounds are obtained: isolation from nature and synthesis in the laboratory.
- Hydrocarbons are divided into saturated (alkanes) and unsaturated (alkenes and alkynes) groups based on the presence of double or triple carbon bonds.
- Nomenclature rules are provided for naming straight-chain, branched, cyclic, and substituted organic compounds according to IUPAC conventions.
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Organic chemistry involves the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds, which include not only hydrocarbons but also compounds with any number of other elements, including hydrogen (most compounds contain at least one carbon–hydrogen bond), nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur.
This branch of chemistry was originally limited to compounds produced by living organisms but has been broadened to include human-made substances such as plastics. The range of application of organic compounds is enormous and also includes, but is not limited to, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, food, explosives, paints, and cosmetics.
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Organic compounds are almost 60% of all compounds. because of carbons tendency to form a compound as it has more than1 electron(4electrons) to form covallent compounds. SO a wide range of everything we eat is formed from carbon and hydrogen, which is the second important element to form organic compounds.
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This document provides an overview of organic chemistry concepts including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and benzene. It discusses key topics such as:
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- Nomenclature rules are provided for naming straight-chain, branched, cyclic, and substituted organic compounds according to IUPAC conventions.
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This ppt was made for our stupid projects..... The main purpose behind uploading this ppt is that no one should suffer like us and waste their time behind these stupid things... concentrate on your studies..
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This compound is 2-methylbut-1-yne.
The parent chain is a 4-carbon chain containing the triple bond. Following IUPAC nomenclature rules for alkynes:
1) The parent name is butyne since it is a 4-carbon chain with the triple bond.
2) The carbon atoms of the triple bond get the lowest possible numbers, which is 1.
3) There is a methyl substituent (CH3 group) attached to the #2 carbon.
4) Substituents are named as prefixes and their locations denoted by a number.
Therefore, the full IUPAC name for this unsaturated hydrocarbon is 2-methylbut-1
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- 1. Functional Group LOGO Reporter : Roselyn M .Delos Santos .
- 2. ORGANIC CHEMESTRY Catalog •Organic chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds. • specific groupings of atoms within molecules that have their own characteristic properties, regardless of the other atoms present in a molecule. Common examples are alcohols, amines, carboxylic acids, ketones, and ethers.
- 3. Functional Group Catalog • Functional groups are the most reactive parts in organic compounds and determine the major properties of compounds. • specific groupings of atoms within molecules that have their own characteristic properties, regardless of the other atoms present in a molecule. Common examples are alcohols, amines, carboxylic acids, ketones, and ethers.
- 6. Hydroxyl groups are simple structures consisting of an oxygen atom with two lone pairs bonded to a hydrogen atom. They readily participate in hydrogen bonding, generating either a net positively or negatively charged ion. The C=O group plays a particularly important role in organic chemistry. This group is called a carbonyl.In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O. It is common to several classes of organic compounds, as part of many larger functional groups. A compound containing a carbonyl group is often referred to as a carbonyl compound.
- 7. •colourless liquids at room temperature. •two carbons and an oxygen .• they are named as alkanol. •Has an O-H group • Can be classified as 1°/2°/°3 according to the posotion on carbon skeletont. Alcohol
- 8. Add your title here Click add this section keywords detailed description of the contents of this paragraph . If that carbon is attached to one carbon, the alcohol is primary; two, secondary; three, tertiary. If zero carbons and three hydrogens (a unique situation) it is methanol.
- 9. * Has 1 oxygen *O-H or C=O group *The Oxygen is sandwiched between two carbon atoms thier names end with ether. *colorless, sweet- smelling, extremely volatile, and combustible liquids. Ethers
- 10. Adehydes * only one Oxygen * Has a C= O group *C=O Group is at the end of the carbon chain,sois nextdoor to a hydrogen atom . * they are named as alkanal .
- 11. ketones. * Only one Oxygen *Has a C=O group is not at the of carbon chain so is next door to Carbons . *they are named as alkanone.
- 12. Carboxylic acids * Has 2 oxygen * Has O-H and C=O Groups on the on the same carbon atoms. *This -- COOH group has to be at the end ofacarbon chain. *They are named as Alkanoic acid .
- 14. Amines * Contain nitrogen * Has an --NH2 group Can beclassified as 1°/2°/3° according to the number of carbon atoms conected to the N. *they are named as alkyle amine.
- 15. Thanks The original PowerPoint Template LOGO