Published on October 25, 2017 Group 7 Prepared by: Janna Montederamos Daisy Salindato Fritz Necosia

1. CHEMICAL
REACTION OF
ALDEHYDES
AND KETONES

2. CHEMICAL REACTION OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
OXIDATION
• O2 in air is oxidizing
agent.
HEMIACETAL AND
ACETAL FORMATION
• Reaction with one alcohol
molecules reduces a
hemiacetal.
• Reaction with two alcohol
molecules produces an acetal.
REDUCTION
• H2 gas is reducing agent
• Ni, Pi or Cu is catalyst.
Aldehydes-----carboxylic acid
Ketones-----no reaction Aldehydes-----hemiacetal-----acetal
Ketone-----hemiketal-----ketal
Aldehydes-----1 alcohol
Ketones-----2 alcohol

3. PREPERATION OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
ALCOHOL
• KMnO2 and K2CR2O2
are common oxidizing
agent
1 alcohol-----aldehydes
2 alcohol-----ketones

4. FORMALDEHYDE-BASED
POLYMERS

5. FORMALDEHYDE
➢The simplest aldehyde, is a prolific “polymer
former”
➢Also known as a chemical that is used to prevent
decay in the dead bodies of people and animal.
➢Formaldehyde is a naturally occurring organic
compound with the formula CH₂O. It is the simplest
of the aldehydes and is also known by its
systematic name methanal.

7. NETWORK POLYMER
➢A polymer in which monomer are
connected in a three-dementional
cross-linked network.

9. When excess formaldehyde is present,
the polymerization proceed via mono-,
di-, and trisubstuted phenols that are
formed as intermediates in the reaction
between phenol and formaldehyde

10. ➔ The first synthetic plastic,
BAKELITE, produced in 1907,
was a PHENOL-
FORMALDEHYDE POLYMER.
➔ It is use in the manufacture of
billiard balls and plastics
jewelry.
➔ Modern phenol-formaldehyde
polymer, called PHENILICS,
are adhesive used in the
production of plywood and
particle board.
BAKELITE BRACELET

11. SULFUR CONTAINING
CARBONYL GROUP

12. The introduction of sulfur into a carbonyl group
produces two different classes of compound
depending on weather the sulphur atom replaces the
carbonyl oxide atom or the carbonyl carbon atom.
Replacement of the carbonyl oxygen atom with sulfur
produces thiocarbonyl compounds--thioaldehydes
(thials) and thioketones (thiones)

13. THE SIMPLEST ARE:
THIOFORMALDEHYDE THIOACETONE

14. DMSO ( SULFUR ANALOG OF ACETONE)
★is an odorless liquid with an usual
properties.
★quiet soluble in less polar organic
solvent.

17. THANK YOU
PREPARED BY:
JANNA MONTEDERAMOS
DAISY SALINDATO
FRITZ NECOSIA
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SOGOD NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
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GENERAL, ORGANIC and BIOLOGICAL
CHEMISTRY 6TH EDITION. STEHPEN
STOKER