Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by little to no melanin production, resulting in pale skin, hair and eyes that are often light-colored. It is inherited through an autosomal recessive gene, meaning both parents must be carriers for a child to be born with albinism. There is no cure, but treatments can help ease vision problems and sensitivity to light through the use of sunglasses, sunscreen and protective clothing. Support organizations provide information and aid to those living with albinism.

1. ALBINISM Brad Ogden & Brianna Sculley

2. Characteristics Little to no melanin (important pigment) in eyes, skin, and hair Vision problems are a result of the low amounts of melanin in albinos Eyes are usually blue or light brown, but can sometimes appear red Skin and hair is very pale in color More likely to sunburn Sensitivity to bright light

3. How is it Inherited? Autosomal Recessive Inheritance This means that albinism is a recessive trait (aa = albinism) Complete dominance If parents are carriers, the child has a 25% chance of being completely normal, a 50% chance of being a carrier, and a 25% chance of getting albinism.

4. Pedigree Aa Aa ? ? aa Aa Aa aa

7. Transmission Albinism is inherited genetically As previously stated, it is autosomal recessive inheritance Passed from parent to child Not contagious

8. Epidemiology Unable to determine first known case of albinism; genetic disease It occurs in general, not in outbreaks Effects men and women of all ages Happens all over the world When carriers reproduce, they could have an albino child, so only technically humans do contribute to the spread of the disease

9. Treatment There is no cure for albinism Treatments only ease the symptoms Visual Rehabilitation Wear dark glasses to shield light Always wear sunscreen Special UV proof clothing/swimsuits Does not effect life span There will never be a cure (genetics)

10. Support & Recent Developments NOAH (The National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation) – a nonprofit organization that gives support and information to people living with albinism Not a lot of recent advances; continued support for the people living with this disease and funding for support groups and organizations

11. Interesting Facts Some people affected with albinism have eyes that appear red. This is not because the iris is red, but because there is so little color that the blood vessels show through the iris. In urban legend, the spot on the 7-Up logo comes from its albino inventor who had red eyes.