Radial Margin Positivity as a Poor Prognostic Factor for Colon CancerRamzi Amri
Abstract from 95th Annual Meeting of the New England Surgical Society:
Objective: Radial margin positivity (RMP), defined in colon cancer as primary disease involvement at the cut edge of the mesentery or the non-serosalized side of the ascending or descending colon mesentery, has unclear implications on the prognosis of colon cancer. This study explores the prognostic value of RMP in colon cancer.
Design: Retrospective review of a prospectively maintained, IRB-approved data repository.
Setting: Tertiary care center.
Patients: All colon cancer patients treated surgically at our center from 2004 through 2011 were included.
Main outcome measures: Perioperative and long-term outcomes for all patients were reviewed, assessing for RMP-associated differences
Results: Of 1039 cases with relevant data on surgical margins, 59 (5.6%) had an involved radial margin. All of these cases were AJCC stage II or higher, and were generally associated with higher T, N and M-stage disease (all P<0.001),><0.001)><0.001).><0.001),><0.001)><0.001)><0.001),><0.001) for metastatic disease.
Conclusion: An involved radial margin has strong associations with a constellation of negative histopathological tumor characteristics; even after adjustment for stage, it predicts recurrence, and is strongly associated with death and shorter survival. Albeit occurring infrequently, RMP is an important predictor of mortality and recurrence in colon cancer.
Radial Margin Positivity as a Poor Prognostic Factor for Colon CancerRamzi Amri
Abstract from 95th Annual Meeting of the New England Surgical Society:
Objective: Radial margin positivity (RMP), defined in colon cancer as primary disease involvement at the cut edge of the mesentery or the non-serosalized side of the ascending or descending colon mesentery, has unclear implications on the prognosis of colon cancer. This study explores the prognostic value of RMP in colon cancer.
Design: Retrospective review of a prospectively maintained, IRB-approved data repository.
Setting: Tertiary care center.
Patients: All colon cancer patients treated surgically at our center from 2004 through 2011 were included.
Main outcome measures: Perioperative and long-term outcomes for all patients were reviewed, assessing for RMP-associated differences
Results: Of 1039 cases with relevant data on surgical margins, 59 (5.6%) had an involved radial margin. All of these cases were AJCC stage II or higher, and were generally associated with higher T, N and M-stage disease (all P<0.001),><0.001)><0.001).><0.001),><0.001)><0.001)><0.001),><0.001) for metastatic disease.
Conclusion: An involved radial margin has strong associations with a constellation of negative histopathological tumor characteristics; even after adjustment for stage, it predicts recurrence, and is strongly associated with death and shorter survival. Albeit occurring infrequently, RMP is an important predictor of mortality and recurrence in colon cancer.
Bone tissue also called (osseous tissue) is a type of specialized dense connective tissue.
Histology
Junqueira’s Basic Histology Text and Atlas, 15th Ed
Bone tissue also called (osseous tissue) is a type of specialized dense connective tissue.
Histology
Junqueira’s Basic Histology Text and Atlas, 15th Ed
This presentation has a short introduction about the different types of tissues (epithelium, connective, muscular, nervous), but focuses mainly on epithelial tissues - its characteristics, functions, and types.
This also contains the different surface modifications of epithelial tissues - apical, lateral and basal.
Lastly, glands are also discussed here. Endocrine and exocrine glands are differentiated based on characteristics and functions.
What is tissue?
Tissue is a group of cells which work together to perform a particular
functions.
Several kinds of tissue grouped together to form an organ.
Branch of biology that deals with the study of tissue is known as histology.
Word animal tissue was coined by – Bichat
Study of tissue – Histology
Histology word was given by – Mayar
Father of Histology – Bichat
Study of tissue is also called Microscopic anatomy.
Founder of microscopic anatomy – Marcello Malpighi
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. EPITHELIAL TISSUE or EPITHELIUM
• The basic tissue of the body.
• Cells are arranged as continuous sheets.
• Single or multiple layers.
• Cells are held tightly together by cell junctions.
• Free surface
• Basal surface adheres to basal lamina or basement
membrane.
• Avascular but supplied by nerves.
• Has high capability to regenerate.
3. Embryological aspect
• Epithelia are derived from all the 3 germ
layers:
• Ectoderm- Epithelium of skin
• Endoderm- Epithelium of gut
• Mesoderm- Epithelium of pericardial,
peritoneal and pleural cavities
5. Classification
According to shape, arrangement and the
specialization of their free surface:
• Simple
• Stratified
• Pseudostratified
• Transitional
11. Simple Columnar Epithelium
• Cells having more height
than width
• Nuclei are elongated,
located in the lower half of
cells
• Cells may show some
surface modifications
• Examples:
- GIT(stomach to anus)
- Gall bladder
- Uterine tube & cavity
- Central canal of spinal
cord
Function: Secretion and absorption;
Ciliary action
23. Stratified columnar
• Two or more layer of cells
• Superficial cells are
columnar
• Examples – Conjunctiva
Cavernous urethra
Functions: Passage to the
secretion and acts
as barrier
24. Psuedostratified Columnar epithelium
• Cell of unequal heights
resting on same
basement membrane.
• Ciliated/non-ciliated
• May contain goblet cells
• Examples-
Trachea, bronchi, auditory
tube, ductus deferens,
male urethra
Functions:
Protection, ciliary
movements remove
mucus, goblet cells
secrete mucus
25. Transitional epithelium
(urothelium)
Layers-
-Basal layer- columnar or
cuboidal
-Middle layer- pear or
polyhedral cells
(interdigiting layer)
-Outer layer- rounded or
umbrella cells, often
binucleate
• Eg; ureter, urinary
bladder
Functions: Protection,
distention