The document discusses use case diagrams and their components like actors, use cases, relationships, and scenarios. It provides examples of use case diagrams for an electricity bill payment system, including actors like the bill receiver, administrator, SMS software, bill payee, and subscriber. Methods for documenting use case descriptions and scenarios are also presented.

1. Live from QBI Institute at NOIDA (NCR DELHI)

4. • Are UML behavior diagrams, a business analyst can start the project by
preparing Use Case Diagrams
• Use case diagrams were originally proposed by Dr. Iver Jacobson when he
was working at Ericsson
• Use cases represent the functionality of system and they capture
interaction of human and non human entities called actors with the
system.
• System or Subsystem for which Use Case Diagram is prepared is called
Subject
• Use case notations include : System Boundary, Actor, Use Case and
Relationships
• Use case scenarios : Same use case in its different instance can take up a
different scenario. For example for Use case Withdraw cash for different
instances scenarios can be : 1) Inadequate Cash Available hence do not
dispense 2) Adequate Cash hence dispense 3) Adequate cash but
currency denomination as asked for not available hence do not dispense
4) Adequate Cash but customer account is not having adequate balance

5. Actors are people or systems which interact
with Use cases. Actor role name is written
below the notation of actor which is a Stick
man.
Notation for Use case is ellipse. Use case name
can be written inside or below the ellipse. The
name can contain text, numerals. Strings etc
except colon (:) For a multiple worded Use case
first word is upper case and subsequent words
are lower case with space

6. System boundary is shown
by a rectangle. Use cases Relationship between actor and an use case is
which lie inside are the shown by a solid line
functionality of the system

7. Arrow initiates from the specialized
actor and points towards the towards
the more general actor . For the sake of
understanding an MD Doctor who can
perform complex surgeries and also
routine surgical procedures is
specialized. An MBBS who is trained in
routine surgical procedures is
generalized actor.
Arrow initiates from specialized use
case name and towards generalized
use case. E.g. Bill payment is
Generalized use case and Bill payment
through cheque, DD or cash are
specialized use cases

8. Some times one use case may optionally
extend its functionality to another use
case. Arrow initiates from extending use
case to extended use case
Arrow initiates from including use case and
points towards included use case. For
example if after a particular transaction SMS
is invariably send then Transaction (including
use case) includes Send sms which is
(included use case)

9. A Flipped rectangle is notation for condition.
It is used in extend relationship between use
cases. Any condition is written within curly
brackets
A Flipped rectangle is notation for comment.
It is used for any comment or explanation

10. Primary Actors Initiate the Use Case. Secondary
actors do not initiate the Use Case.
For example if we have a banking system in which
whenever the account holder withdraws cash an
information SMS is sent to the a/c holder through
SMS Software here the Account holder is Primary
actor and SMS software is Secondary Actor

11. Method 1: Write in a paragraph sequence of activities happening in a use case
Method 2: For ever actor prepare a table which will have two columns, column on
the left will have actor stimuli and column on the right will mention system
response
Method 3: Any other procedure or Standard document template used in your
organization

12. This is electricity bill payment process of PVVNL Ltd
Electricity subscribers or their representatives collectively called Bill payees can
make the bill payment by going to the local electricity office and handing over
cheque or demand draft or cash to the Bill receiver. Bill receiver updates the
payment in the electricity bill payment system.
Alternatively the bill payees can make the payment online through credit card,
debit card, net banking or cash. The online payment is received by DPS Transact
system which is the payment gateway service of DPS bank.
Under both the payment methods after the payment is received an SMS is sent to
the subscriber by SMS software system which is invoked through Electricity Bill
Payment System

13. • Any one (Electricity Subscriber or his representative)can make the bill payment if they
have District Name, Book Number, Connection Number and Division Name of the
Subscriber)
• Electricity bill payment software allows its subscribers to view their bill and payment
details online. For the same every electricity subscriber is provided with a subscriber id
and password . Through this subscriber id and password a subscriber can view his bills
and corresponding payments. To make the online bill payment a bill payee does not
need the subscriber id and password.
• Electricity bill payment software is managed by an administrator who can view master
reports (total amount outstanding etc.), disallow payments by cheque for individual
subscribers if their cheque have bounced earlier and also receive bill payments if any
particular bill receiver is absent

14. Identify Actors
Bill Receiver
Administrator
SMS Software
Bill Payee
Subscriber

15. Receive bill payment
Payment by cheque
Payment by cash
Payment by dd
Send sms
View master reports
Disallow cheque payment
View payment reports