This document summarizes a lecture on operators and expressions in Java. It discusses the four main categories of operators: arithmetic, bitwise, relational, and logical. It provides examples of common operators like addition, subtraction, logical AND, OR, and describes operator precedence. Key concepts covered include arithmetic assignment operators, increment/decrement operators, bitwise operators, relational operators for comparison, short-circuit logical operators, and the ternary conditional operator.
Every value in Java has a data type. Java supports two kinds of data types: primitive data types and reference data types. Primitive data types represent atomic, indivisible values. Java has eight Numeric data types: byte, short, int,
An operator is a symbol that is used to perform some type of computation on its operands. Java contains a rich set of
operators. Operators are categorized as unary, binary, or ternary based on the number of operands they take. They are categorized as arithmetic, relational, logical, etc. based on the operation they perform on their operands.
long, float, double, char, and boolean. Literals of primitive data types are constants. Reference data types represent
references of objects in memory. Java is a statically typed programming language. That is, it checks the data types of all values at compile time.
Decision making:
In CSharp, various types of decision making statements are available such as if..else, if..else..if, switch etc. Each statement is used to evaluate the specific test. If tests are determined to be true, specific statement will be execued for example : if(a > b) statement1 else statement2. Sometimes when develpoing program that requires to take the decision to execute specific part of program, decision making statement helps to do so.
Switch Case
In CSharp switch acts like a multiple if / else if / else chain. Checks a value against a list of cases, and executes the first case that is true. If no matching case found, it executes the default case. The break(optional) statements with case indicate to the interpreter to end the particular case.
These slides will allow to to comprehend the concept switch statement generally and also in java.
These slides contain generic overview and Java example.
Importance of loops in any programming language is immense, they allow us to reduce the number of lines in a code, making our code more readable and efficient.
Data types, Variables, Expressions & Arithmetic Operators in javaJaved Rashid
What are the Primitive data types in Java?
What is a variable?
Rules for naming a variable.
How to declare a variable.
Assignment Statement
Assignment & Initialization of a variable
Strings in Expressions
What is a Expression
How expressions are evaluated
Arithmetic Operators
Order of Precedence & Associativity
Every value in Java has a data type. Java supports two kinds of data types: primitive data types and reference data types. Primitive data types represent atomic, indivisible values. Java has eight Numeric data types: byte, short, int,
An operator is a symbol that is used to perform some type of computation on its operands. Java contains a rich set of
operators. Operators are categorized as unary, binary, or ternary based on the number of operands they take. They are categorized as arithmetic, relational, logical, etc. based on the operation they perform on their operands.
long, float, double, char, and boolean. Literals of primitive data types are constants. Reference data types represent
references of objects in memory. Java is a statically typed programming language. That is, it checks the data types of all values at compile time.
Decision making:
In CSharp, various types of decision making statements are available such as if..else, if..else..if, switch etc. Each statement is used to evaluate the specific test. If tests are determined to be true, specific statement will be execued for example : if(a > b) statement1 else statement2. Sometimes when develpoing program that requires to take the decision to execute specific part of program, decision making statement helps to do so.
Switch Case
In CSharp switch acts like a multiple if / else if / else chain. Checks a value against a list of cases, and executes the first case that is true. If no matching case found, it executes the default case. The break(optional) statements with case indicate to the interpreter to end the particular case.
These slides will allow to to comprehend the concept switch statement generally and also in java.
These slides contain generic overview and Java example.
Importance of loops in any programming language is immense, they allow us to reduce the number of lines in a code, making our code more readable and efficient.
Data types, Variables, Expressions & Arithmetic Operators in javaJaved Rashid
What are the Primitive data types in Java?
What is a variable?
Rules for naming a variable.
How to declare a variable.
Assignment Statement
Assignment & Initialization of a variable
Strings in Expressions
What is a Expression
How expressions are evaluated
Arithmetic Operators
Order of Precedence & Associativity
OCA JAVA - 3 Programming with Java OperatorsFernando Gil
OCA JAVA Training Material
Talking about Programming with Java Operators
- Understanding Fundamentals Operators
- Understanding Operator Precedence
Slides based in the book: "OCA Java SE 7 Programmer I Study Guide (Examn 1Z0-803)"
Probably not be able to get a better understanding of the most important thing is that I have to go to the hospital and the other is a great way to get the best out of the office and I am not sure if I can get a chance to get the best out of the office and I am not sure if I can get a chance to get the best out of the office and I am not sure if I
An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations.
C language supports a rich set of built-in operators. An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform certain mathematical or logical manipulations. Operators are used in program to manipulate data and variables.
Chapter 01 Introduction to Java by Tushar B KuteTushar B Kute
The lecture was condcuted by Tushar B Kute at YCMOU, Nashik through VLC orgnanized by MSBTE. The contents can be found in book "Core Java Programming - A Practical Approach' by Laxmi Publications.
this is my presentation on "Operators and Expressions" .this is my beginner days trial, so i cant make it perfect ,,,but surely say that it is most helpful for you
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2. Contents
• Operators in Java
• Arithmetic Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
3. Operators in Java
• Java’s operators can be grouped into
following four categories:
1. Arithmetic
2. Bitwise
3. Relational
4. Logical.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
4. Arithmetic Operators
• used in mathematical expressions.
• operands of the arithmetic operators must be of a
numeric type.
• most operators in Java work just like they do in
C/C++.
• We can not use them on boolean types, but we can
use them on char types, since the char type in Java is,
essentially, a subset of int.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
6. Modulus Operator (%)
• returns the remainder of a division operation.
• can be applied to floating-point types as well as integer types.
• This differs from C/C++, in which the % can only be applied to
integer types.
Example: Modulus.java
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
7. Arithmetic Assignment Operators
• used to combine an arithmetic operation with an assignment.
Thus, the statements of the form
var = var op expression;
can be rewritten as
var op= expression;
• In Java, statements like
a = a + 5;
can be written as
a += 5;
Similarly:
b = b % 3; can be written as b %= 3;
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
8. Increment and Decrement
• ++ and the - - are Java's increment and decrement operators.
• The increment operator increases its operand by one.
• x++; is equivalent to x = x + 1;
• The decrement operator decreases its operand by one.
• y--; is equivalent to y = y – 1;
• They can appear both in
• postfix form, where they follow the operand, and
• prefix form, where they precede the operand.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
9. • In the prefix form, the operand is incremented or
decremented before the value is obtained for use in the
expression.
Example: x = 19; y = ++x;
Output: y = 20 and x = 20
• In postfix form, the previous value is obtained for use
in the expression, and then the operand is modified.
Example: x = 19; y = x++;
Output: y = 19 and x = 20
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
10. Bitwise Operators
• These operators act upon the individual bits of their
operands.
• can be applied to the integer types, long, int, short,
char, and byte.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
11. Operator Result
~ Bitwise unary NOT
& Bitwise AND
| Bitwise OR
^ Bitwise exclusive OR
>> Shift right
>>> Shift right zero fill
<< Shift left
&= Bitwise AND assignment
|= Bitwise OR assignment
^= Bitwise exclusive OR assignment
>>= Shift right assignment
>>>= Shift right zero fill assignment
<<= Shift left assignment
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
13. The Left Shift
• The left shift operator,<<, shifts all of the bits in
a value to the left a specified number of times.
value << num
• Example:
• 01000001 65
• << 2
• 00000100 4
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
14. The Right Shift
• The right shift operator, >>, shifts all of the bits
in a value to the right a specified number of times.
value >> num
• Example:
• 00100011 35
• >> 2
• 00001000 8
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
15. • When we are shifting right, the top (leftmost)
bits exposed by the right shift are filled in with
the previous contents of the top bit.
• This is called sign extension and serves to
preserve the sign of negative numbers when you
shift them right.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
16. The Unsigned Right Shift
• In these cases, to shift a zero into the high-order bit no
matter what its initial value was. This is known as an
unsigned shift.
• To accomplish this, we will use Java’s unsigned, shift-right
operator, >>>, which always shifts zeros into the high-order
bit.
• Example:
• 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 –1 in
binary as an int
• >>>24
• 00000000 00000000 00000000 11111111 255 in
binary as an int
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
17. Bitwise Operator Compound Assignments
• combines the assignment with the bitwise operation.
• Similar to the algebraic operators
• For example, the following two statements, which shift the
value in a right by four bits, are equivalent:
a = a >> 4;
a >>= 4;
• Likewise,
a = a | b;
a |= b;
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
18. Relational Operators
• The relational operators determine the relationship that one
operand has to the other.
• Relational operators determine equality and ordering.
• The outcome of relational operations is a boolean value.
Operator Function
== equal to
!= not equal to
< less than
> greater than
<= less than or equal to
>= greater than or equal to
19. • The result produced by a relational operator is a boolean
value.
• For example, the following code fragment is perfectly
valid:
• int a = 4;
• int b = 1;
• boolean c = a < b;
•In this case, the result of a<b (which is false) is stored in c.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
20. Boolean Logical Operators
• The Boolean logical operators shown here operate
only on boolean operands.
Operator Result
& Logical AND
| Logical OR
^ Logical XOR (exclusive OR)
|| Short-circuit OR
&& Short-circuit AND
! Logical unary NOT
&= AND assignment
|= OR assignment
^= XOR assignment
== Equal to
!= Not equal to
?: Ternary if-then-else
21. •All of the binary logical operators combine two
boolean values to form a resultant boolean value.
•The logical Boolean operators,&, |, and ^, operate
on boolean values in the same way that they operate
on the bits of an integer.
•The following table shows the effect of each
logical operation:
A B A | B A & B A ^ B ~ A
False False False False False True
True False True False True False
False True True False True True
True True True True False False
22. Short-Circuit Logical Operators
• These are secondary versions of the Boolean AND and OR operators,
and are known as short-circuit logical operators.
• OR operator results in true when A is true , no matter what B is.
• Similarly, AND operator results in false when A is false, no matter what
B is.
• If we use the || and && forms, rather than the | and & forms of these
operators, Java will not bother to evaluate the right-hand operand when the
outcome of the expression can be determined by the left operand alone.
•This is very useful when the right-hand operand depends on the value of
the left one in order to function properly.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
23. • For example
if (denom != 0 && num / denom > 10)
• the following code fragment shows how you can take
advantage of short-circuit logical evaluation to be sure that a
division operation will be valid before evaluating it.
• circuit form of AND (&&) is used, there is no risk of
causing a run-time exception when denom is zero.
• If this line of code were written using the single & version
of AND, both sides would be evaluated, causing a run-time
exception when denom is zero.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
24. The Assignment Operator
• The assignment operator is the single equal sign, =.
• The assignment operator works in Java much as it does in
any other computer language.
var = expression ;
• Here, the type of var must be compatible with the type of
expression.
• The assignment operator allows to create a chain of
assignments.
• For example:
int x, y, z;
x = y = z = 100; // set x, y, and z to 100
• This fragment sets the variables x , y, and z to 100 using a
single statement.
25. The ? Operator
• Java includes a special ternary (three-way)operator, ?, that
can replace certain types of if-then-else statements.
•The ? has this general form:
expression1 ? expression2 : expression3
• Here,expression1 can be any expression that evaluates to a
boolean value.
• If expression1 is true , then expression2 is evaluated;
otherwise, expression3 is evaluated.
• The result of the? operation is that of the expression
evaluated.
• Both expression2 and expression3 are required to return the
same type, which can’t be void.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)
26. • Example: TestTernary.java
ratio = denom == 0 ? 0 : num / denom ;
•When Java evaluates this assignment expression, it first looks
at the expression to the left of the question mark.
• If denom equals zero, then the expression between the
question mark and the colon is evaluated and used as the
value of the entire ? expression.
•If denom does not equal zero, then the expression after the
colon is evaluated and used for the value of the entire ?
expression.
•The result produced by the? operator is then assigned to ratio.
Ravi Kant Sahu, Asst. Professor @ Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India)