This document discusses different types of adhesives and grouts used in tiling. It describes cement-based, polymer, and acrylic adhesives, what they consist of, where they are used, and how they are applied. Cement-based adhesives come in powder form, polymer adhesives are pre-mixed, and acrylic adhesives are ready-to-use. Grouts also come in cement-based and epoxy varieties. Epoxy grout is used in areas with high chemical exposure. The document stresses following manufacturers' instructions for health and safety with all adhesives and grouts.

1. AdhesivesAdhesives

2. Today’s LessonToday’s Lesson
 Types of adhesivesTypes of adhesives
 Properties of adhesivesProperties of adhesives
 Health and SafetyHealth and Safety

3. AdhesiveAdhesive
 What is adhesive?What is adhesive?
 Adhesive is a compound that adheres orAdhesive is a compound that adheres or
bonds two items together.bonds two items together.

4. Types of tile adhesivesTypes of tile adhesives
 In the tiling trade adhesives can beIn the tiling trade adhesives can be
categorised as the following.categorised as the following.
 Cement BasedCement Based
 Polymer BasedPolymer Based
 Acrylic BasedAcrylic Based

5. AdhesivesAdhesives
 We are now going to discuss theseWe are now going to discuss these
adhesives and look atadhesives and look at
 What they consist ofWhat they consist of
 Where they are usedWhere they are used
 How they are appliedHow they are applied
 Health and safetyHealth and safety

6. Cement basedCement based
 Cement based adhesives generally comeCement based adhesives generally come
in powder form and contained in bags.in powder form and contained in bags.
 Bags often come in different sizes rangingBags often come in different sizes ranging
from 1kg bags to 25 kg bags.from 1kg bags to 25 kg bags.
 Cement based adhesives are mixed withCement based adhesives are mixed with
water to gain a workable consistency.water to gain a workable consistency.

7.  Examples of cement based adhesivesExamples of cement based adhesives

8. Cement Based AdhesiveCement Based Adhesive
 What type of Surface?What type of Surface?
 New Concrete/Brick/Block Walling
 New Sand/Cement Rendering/Gazed
Tiles/Bricks

9. Polymer AdhesivesPolymer Adhesives
 Generally pre-mixed and also contained inGenerally pre-mixed and also contained in
bag form or sealed plastic tubs/buckets.bag form or sealed plastic tubs/buckets.
 Buckets come in different sizes andBuckets come in different sizes and
weights often measured in litres of volumeweights often measured in litres of volume
usually no water required and is in a pre-usually no water required and is in a pre-
ready slump mixready slump mix

10.  Examples of Polymer AdhesivesExamples of Polymer Adhesives

11. Polymer Modified AdhesivePolymer Modified Adhesive
 What type of surfaces/backgrounds?What type of surfaces/backgrounds?

12. Acrylic Based AdhesiveAcrylic Based Adhesive
 Acrylic Based are more commonly knowAcrylic Based are more commonly know
as the “ready mixed” adhesive.as the “ready mixed” adhesive.

13. Acrylic based adhesiveAcrylic based adhesive
 Usually in tub formUsually in tub form

14. Ready MixedReady Mixed
 What type of background/surfaces?What type of background/surfaces?
 Ceramic tiles 300mmx300mm and smallerCeramic tiles 300mmx300mm and smaller
 Gyproc, Plaster andGyproc, Plaster and sand and cement render. Certainsand and cement render. Certain
Types can stick to plywood.Types can stick to plywood.
 Cannot be used for floorsCannot be used for floors
 Ease of use no mixing required and has excellent potEase of use no mixing required and has excellent pot
life.life.

15. Using Tile AdhesivesUsing Tile Adhesives
 Always follow relative health and safetyAlways follow relative health and safety
procedures pertaining to manufacturesprocedures pertaining to manufactures
instructions.instructions.
 Mix and apply adhesive following manufacturesMix and apply adhesive following manufactures
instruction and specifications.instruction and specifications.
 Most of the information on the above can beMost of the information on the above can be
found on the back of the bucket or bag.found on the back of the bucket or bag.

16. Application of adhesiveApplication of adhesive
 A serrated/notch edge trowel is used toA serrated/notch edge trowel is used to
apply the adhesiveapply the adhesive
 Trowels come in different sizes and notchTrowels come in different sizes and notch
widths for different surfaces and tilewidths for different surfaces and tile
formats (size)formats (size)

17. Fixing to adhesiveFixing to adhesive
 Wall tiles should be fixed using the twistWall tiles should be fixed using the twist
and slide method “pressed home” andand slide method “pressed home” and
floor tiles “beaten down”floor tiles “beaten down”

18. GroutsGrouts
 We are now going to discuss grouts usedWe are now going to discuss grouts used
in the Wall and Floor Tiling Industryin the Wall and Floor Tiling Industry
 We are going to discuss types of groutWe are going to discuss types of grout
and their suitable applicationsand their suitable applications

19. GroutsGrouts
 What is Grout?What is Grout?
 Grout is a component used in constructionGrout is a component used in construction
to infill between the joints of tiles.to infill between the joints of tiles.
 Tiling grouts usually come in twoTiling grouts usually come in two
categoriescategories
 1.cement based1.cement based
 2. epoxy2. epoxy

20. GroutsGrouts
 Cement based grouts are like cementCement based grouts are like cement
based adhesives usually come in powderbased adhesives usually come in powder
form and normally contained in bags.form and normally contained in bags.
 Water is added to the powder and isWater is added to the powder and is
mixed to a workable consistencymixed to a workable consistency

21. Cement groutsCement grouts
 Examples of cement based groutsExamples of cement based grouts

22. GroutsGrouts
 Epoxy grout is usually used for areas ofEpoxy grout is usually used for areas of
constant water or high levels of chemicalsconstant water or high levels of chemicals
such as swimming pools, areas wheresuch as swimming pools, areas where
food is served and garages etc.food is served and garages etc.
 Generally comes in two parts and isGenerally comes in two parts and is
contained in bucket form.contained in bucket form.
 Grouting by epoxy is usually slow and timeGrouting by epoxy is usually slow and time
consuming.consuming.
 This product can cause allergic reactionsThis product can cause allergic reactions
to skin and breathing and all H+S must beto skin and breathing and all H+S must be

23. Epoxy groutsEpoxy grouts
 Examples of epoxy groutExamples of epoxy grout

24. Using tile groutUsing tile grout
 All grouts should be used inconjuction withAll grouts should be used inconjuction with
manufactures specifications.manufactures specifications.
 Health and safety should be adhered to at allHealth and safety should be adhered to at all
times.times.
 Details on application, specifications and healthDetails on application, specifications and health
and safety are usually found on the back of bagsand safety are usually found on the back of bags
or containers. You should refer to manufacturesor containers. You should refer to manufactures
COSHH or data sheets as only the basic HealthCOSHH or data sheets as only the basic Health
and Safety is give on packaging.and Safety is give on packaging.

25. SummarySummary
 Both adhesives and grouts share similarBoth adhesives and grouts share similar
ingredients and compounds but are used foringredients and compounds but are used for
entirely different reasons.entirely different reasons.
 Additives for both can be used forAdditives for both can be used for
strengthening,flexibilty and enhance adhesivesstrengthening,flexibilty and enhance adhesives
and grouts.and grouts.
 Since the advent of modern day tiling adhesivesSince the advent of modern day tiling adhesives
and grouts, the trade has exploded and made itand grouts, the trade has exploded and made it
even more accessible for people. As advanceseven more accessible for people. As advances
occur the tiler must adapt and use all types ofoccur the tiler must adapt and use all types of
adhesives from many new manufactures.adhesives from many new manufactures.