Adhesives bond materials together through various mechanisms of adhesion. The main types are non-reactive adhesives like drying, pressure-sensitive, contact and hot melt adhesives and reactive adhesives like multi-part and one-part adhesives. Adhesion occurs through mechanical interlocking, chemical bonds, dispersive interactions or diffusive bonding between adhesive and adherend surfaces. Factors like surface properties, adhesive chemistry and curing influence adhesive strength. While adhesives provide benefits like load distribution and corrosion resistance, disadvantages include curing times and temperature/aging effects. Adhesives have applications in construction, electronics, automotive, aerospace and other industries.
This document discusses various types of additives used in polymer processing and their functions. It describes additives like stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, fillers, fibers, coupling agents, antistatic agents, slip agents, anti-block agents, nucleating agents, optical brighteners, colorants, anti-aging additives, impact modifiers, flame retardants, blowing agents, and master batches. It provides examples and explains how each additive type alters polymer properties or facilitates processing to achieve the desired characteristics in final products.
This document discusses fundamentals of polymer engineering, specifically polymer additives and blends. It defines additives as any substance added in small amounts to polymers to improve properties, facilitate processing, or reduce costs. Common additives include stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, plasticizers, and flame retardants. Fillers extend materials at low cost and can improve mechanical properties when well-dispersed. Polymer blends combine two or more polymers and offer benefits like extended temperature ranges, lighter weight, and improved toughness or barrier properties compared to the individual polymers. The classifications, functions, and examples of additives and blends in various polymer applications are covered in detail.
Additives of Polymer, Additives of plastic, Improve properties of Plastic, Ty...Jaynish Amipara
additives of plastic.
uses of filler in plastic.
types of a heat stabilizer.
types of lubricant.
types of plasticizer in plastic.
plastic in antioxidant.
There are thousands of different adhesives that can be divided into three major types: thermoplastic adhesives, thermosetting adhesives, and rubber-resin blends. Some important adhesives include anaerobics, cyanoacrylates, toughened acrylics, epoxies, polyurethanes, silicones, phenolics, and polyimides. Each type of adhesive has different advantages and applications depending on the materials being bonded and service conditions.
This document summarizes information about surface coating industries. It discusses the history of surface coatings dating back to ancient times. It also outlines the key raw materials used in surface coatings including pigments, resins, solvents, and additives. Specific pigments are described like titanium dioxide, cadmium red, and chromium oxide green. Common resins like shellac, phenolic, and epoxy resins are also listed. The document then covers different types of surface coatings like paint, varnish, lacquers, and enamels. It concludes by outlining various painting application methods such as brushing, rolling, spraying and different advanced coating technologies.
Adhesives bond materials together through various mechanisms of adhesion. The main types are non-reactive adhesives like drying, pressure-sensitive, contact and hot melt adhesives and reactive adhesives like multi-part and one-part adhesives. Adhesion occurs through mechanical interlocking, chemical bonds, dispersive interactions or diffusive bonding between adhesive and adherend surfaces. Factors like surface properties, adhesive chemistry and curing influence adhesive strength. While adhesives provide benefits like load distribution and corrosion resistance, disadvantages include curing times and temperature/aging effects. Adhesives have applications in construction, electronics, automotive, aerospace and other industries.
This document discusses various types of additives used in polymer processing and their functions. It describes additives like stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, fillers, fibers, coupling agents, antistatic agents, slip agents, anti-block agents, nucleating agents, optical brighteners, colorants, anti-aging additives, impact modifiers, flame retardants, blowing agents, and master batches. It provides examples and explains how each additive type alters polymer properties or facilitates processing to achieve the desired characteristics in final products.
This document discusses fundamentals of polymer engineering, specifically polymer additives and blends. It defines additives as any substance added in small amounts to polymers to improve properties, facilitate processing, or reduce costs. Common additives include stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, plasticizers, and flame retardants. Fillers extend materials at low cost and can improve mechanical properties when well-dispersed. Polymer blends combine two or more polymers and offer benefits like extended temperature ranges, lighter weight, and improved toughness or barrier properties compared to the individual polymers. The classifications, functions, and examples of additives and blends in various polymer applications are covered in detail.
Additives of Polymer, Additives of plastic, Improve properties of Plastic, Ty...Jaynish Amipara
additives of plastic.
uses of filler in plastic.
types of a heat stabilizer.
types of lubricant.
types of plasticizer in plastic.
plastic in antioxidant.
There are thousands of different adhesives that can be divided into three major types: thermoplastic adhesives, thermosetting adhesives, and rubber-resin blends. Some important adhesives include anaerobics, cyanoacrylates, toughened acrylics, epoxies, polyurethanes, silicones, phenolics, and polyimides. Each type of adhesive has different advantages and applications depending on the materials being bonded and service conditions.
This document summarizes information about surface coating industries. It discusses the history of surface coatings dating back to ancient times. It also outlines the key raw materials used in surface coatings including pigments, resins, solvents, and additives. Specific pigments are described like titanium dioxide, cadmium red, and chromium oxide green. Common resins like shellac, phenolic, and epoxy resins are also listed. The document then covers different types of surface coatings like paint, varnish, lacquers, and enamels. It concludes by outlining various painting application methods such as brushing, rolling, spraying and different advanced coating technologies.
The document discusses the calendaring process for producing plastic sheets. It involves passing a plastic melt between heated counter-rotating rolls to form a continuous film or sheet. Key steps include compounding the plastic with additives, fluxing the compound, feeding it to heated calendar rolls, and winding the cooled sheet. Parameters like roll temperature, speed, and nip gap are controlled. Common applications of calendared sheets include packaging, medical products, flooring, and automotive parts.
This document provides an introduction to polymer composites. It defines composites as materials made of two or more chemically and physically distinct phases separated by a distinct interface. Composites combine materials to achieve properties not attainable by the individual components alone. The matrix phase holds the dispersed reinforcing phase and shares the applied load. Polymer composites offer advantages like high strength and stiffness, as well as good impact and corrosion resistance. Properties depend on factors like interfacial adhesion between phases, shape and orientation of the dispersed phase, matrix properties, and size and concentration of the dispersed phase. Processing methods for polymer composites include hand lay-up, injection molding, and pultrusion. Dental composites contain resin
The document discusses the properties, structure, processing, and applications of polyethylene. It describes the different types and grades of polyethylene based on density, including low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and high density polyethylene. It covers basic properties like melt flow index and density. It also discusses additives, processing techniques like injection molding and blow molding, and common applications like blow molded containers, pipes, films, and sheeting.
This document discusses composite materials and epoxy resins. It defines composite materials as materials made from two or more constituent materials that remain separate within the finished structure. The main types of composites are fiber-reinforced, particle-reinforced, and structural composites. Examples given include wood, concrete, and fiberglass. Epoxy resins are thermosetting plastics that harden permanently when mixed with a curing agent. They are used in applications such as coatings, construction, aerospace, electronics, adhesives, and sports equipment due to properties like strength, chemical resistance, and insulation. The document outlines advantages and limitations of epoxies and lists leading manufacturers in India.
Pultrusion is a continuous process for manufacture of composite materials with constant cross-section.
It is more widely used in industries where there is a continuous demand of the product
This document discusses various types of additives used in plastics, including their purposes and applications. It describes additives like fillers, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, colorants, antistatics, flame retardants, cross-linking agents, blowing agents, lubricants and impact modifiers. Additives are used to improve processing, increase stability, obtain better properties like impact resistance and hardness, control factors like surface tension, reduce costs, and increase flame resistance of plastics. The document provides classifications and examples of different additive types.
This document discusses various methods for producing composites, which are divided into open molding and closed molding. Open molding methods described include hand lay-up, spray-up, and filament winding. Closed molding methods include compression molding, pultrusion, vacuum bag molding, and vacuum infusion processing. Each method is briefly described in terms of its process, molds used, advantages, and typical products produced.
Epoxy coating is a two-part coating consisting of an epoxy resin and a hardener. The epoxy resin contains epoxy groups that crosslink with the hardener, typically an amine, producing a durable plastic coating. Epoxy coatings have excellent adhesion, corrosion and chemical resistance, and can be cured at room temperature. They are widely used in automotive, construction, electronics and other industries where high performance coatings are required.
Surface coatings are used to protect metals from corrosion and improve their properties. Common coating methods include conversion coatings like oxidation, phosphatization and chromating which form protective oxide layers. Thermal treatments involve diffusion, carburizing and nitriding to enrich the surface. Metal coatings are applied by electroplating, electroless plating or metallizing. Vapor deposition techniques like PVD and CVD are used to deposit thin, hard coatings. Organic coatings such as paint provide decorative and protective functions. Coatings selection depends on the substrate material and desired properties.
The document discusses different types of adhesives used in construction. It begins by defining adhesives and their properties. It then discusses natural adhesives like animal glues made from animal skins and hooves. Casein from milk and bitumen are also covered. The document also summarizes synthetic adhesives like thermoplastic adhesives such as PVA and thermosetting adhesives including urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde and epoxy resins. Specific rubber adhesives used in construction like Araldite, silicon sealant and Fevicol are explained. The document concludes by listing some building and construction applications of glues and sealants.
1. The document discusses the mechanisms of adhesion, which can be divided into chemical bonding and physical bonding. Chemical bonding involves primary bonds formed by electron sharing or exchange, and secondary bonds formed through mechanical linking. Physical bonding involves mechanical interlocking, diffusion, adsorption, and electrostatic forces.
2. Mechanical interlocking occurs when an adhesive penetrates pores and irregularities in a substrate to create a mechanical link. Diffusion bonding is caused by compatibility between polymer chains that allows for mixing and penetration. Adsorption bonding is through intermolecular attraction like van der Waals forces, requiring wetting of the substrate. Electrostatic bonding arises from separation of charges at interfaces, affecting polar adhesives.
A calender is a machine that processes polymer melts into sheets or films using heat and pressure between rollers. It works by softening the polymer and passing it through nips between two or more rollers to form a continuous sheet, with the thickness determined by the gap between the last rollers. Common uses of calendered sheets include flooring, rainwear, wall coverings, and signage. Thermoplastics are well-suited for calendering as they can soften without fully melting. Different roller configurations like I, L, and Z types address issues like separating forces between rollers. Calendering is advantageous for heat-sensitive materials but high capital costs and achieving precise thickness can be challenges
Plasticizers are substances added to polymers to make them softer and more flexible. They work by inserting themselves between polymer chains and reducing intermolecular forces and friction. This lowers the glass transition temperature of the polymer. Common plasticizers are esters such as phthalates, adipates, and trimellitates. They are added to things like plastics, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical films to modify properties.
Plasticizers are chemicals added to polymers to improve flexibility and processing. They work by spacing out polymer molecules, allowing easier movement. Most plasticizers are organic esters added to PVC to make it flexible. Phthalates are the most widely used type, accounting for over 90% of plasticizers. Common phthalate plasticizers include DOP, DEHP, DINP and DIDP. Selection depends on the required properties and application. Health concerns have led to a search for safer alternatives to phthalates.
Corona Treatment &. Plasma Treatment - The OpportuntiesFlexoGlobal
This document summarizes a presentation about surface treatment systems. It discusses corona treatment and plasma treatment. Corona treatment increases the surface energy of plastics by generating functional groups and reactive species on the surface. Plasma treatment also modifies surfaces by creating radical sites and new functional groups through reactions with plasma gases like oxygen and argon. Both treatments improve adhesion by increasing surface energy and creating sites for bonding. The presentation recommends optimizing treatments based on factors like material type and required adhesion level.
This document provides an overview of epoxy resins, including their history, structure, chemistry, curing processes, properties, applications, and health risks. Epoxy resins were discovered in the 1930s and introduced commercially in the 1940s. They are thermosetting polymers formed by reacting epichlorohydrin with bisphenol A or other core chemicals. Epoxy resins cure via addition polymerization when combined with hardeners, producing crosslinked networks with strong bonds and excellent mechanical and chemical resistance properties. Their applications include coatings, adhesives, composites, and more due to these advantages.
The document discusses different types of adhesives, their properties, uses, and classifications. It describes organic adhesives such as animal protein glues, blood albumin glues, casein adhesives, and starch adhesives. It also discusses synthetic adhesives including phenolic resins, resorcinol resins, urea resins, melamine resins, rubber-based solvent cements, and epoxies. Adhesives are classified as either thermoplastic adhesives or thermosetting adhesives, with thermosetting adhesives generally being more expensive but suitable for structural applications requiring high load resistance.
ABOUT ELASTOMER TYPES AND VULCANISATIONmannukumar24
This document provides an overview of polymeric materials called elastomers. It discusses different classes of elastomers including natural rubber, synthetic rubbers, and thermoplastic elastomers. Key points covered include the properties of natural rubber, the vulcanization process, common rubber additives and modifiers, commercial elastomers like styrene-butadiene rubber and their applications. Thermoplastic elastomers are also summarized, focusing on their production methods and advantages over traditional vulcanized rubbers.
Synthetic resins are materials with a property of interest that is similar to natural plant resins: they are viscous liquids that are capable of hardening permanently. Otherwise, chemically they are very different from the various resinous compounds secreted by plants. Synthetic resins comprise a large class of synthetic products that have some of the physical properties of natural resins but are different chemically. Synthetic resins are not clearly differentiated from plastics.
Tags
Alkyl and hydroxy alkyl alkylcellulose, Applications of Synthetic Resins, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Emulsion polymers manufacture, Formulation of Synthetic Resins, Formulation of Resins, Great Opportunity for Startup, How to Manufacture Synthetic Resins, How to start a successful synthetic resin business, How to start a synthetic resin production Business, How to start a synthetic resin production?, How to Start Emulsions of Synthetic Resin Business, How to start synthetic resin production Industry in India, Indene-coumarone resins,Manufacturing process of Epoxy Resins, Manufacturing process of Ion-exchange Resins, Manufacturing process of Phenolic resins, Manufacturing process of Polyamide Resins, Manufacturing process of Polyvinyl Acetate Solid Resins, Manufacturing process of Silicone resins, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Synthetic resin Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in synthetic resin production industry, Process of making synthetic resin adhesive, Processing of synthetic resin, Production of a synthetic resin, Profitable Small Scale synthetic resin Manufacturing, Project for startups, Resin Types and Production, Rosin & rosin derivatives, Rubber resins Formulation, Setting up and opening your synthetic resin Business, Shellac resins, Small scale Commercial synthetic resin making, Small Scale Synthetic resin manufacturing Projects, Small scale synthetic resin production line, Starting a synthetic resin production Business, Start-up Business Plan for synthetic resin production, Startup Project for synthetic resin production, Startup project plan, Sucrose resins, Synthetic resin Based Profitable Projects, Synthetic resin Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Synthetic Resin Business, Synthetic resin Making Small Business Manufacturing, Synthetic Resin Manufacturing, Synthetic resin manufacturing Industry in India, Synthetic resin manufacturing process, Synthetic resin method, Synthetic resin production, Synthetic resin production Business, Synthetic Resin Technology with formulation, Synthetic resin uses, Synthetic Resins, Synthetic Resins Technology book, Technological advances in the manufacture of resins, Technology of Synthetic Resins, Terpene resins, Types and applications of synthetic resin, Uses of rosin in the polymer fiel, Water-reducible resins
Phenolic resins are synthetic resins produced by the condensation of phenol or substituted phenol with an aldehyde like formaldehyde. There are two main types - novolacs and resols. Novolacs are produced under acidic conditions and resols under basic conditions. Phenolic resins have good electrical insulation properties and can retain properties at low temperatures. They are used in applications like circuit boards, radio cabinets, engine ignition equipment, cameras, and aerospace components.
This document discusses various construction materials including glass, chemicals, fabrics, and polymers. It provides details on three types of glass - float glass, laminated glass, and toughened glass. It also discusses various construction chemicals such as concrete hardeners, epoxy coatings, and mould releasing agents. Three construction fabrics - geotextile, fiberglass, and carbon fibre are outlined. Finally, it covers two construction polymers - rubber and polypropylene. The document provides information on applications, benefits, and costs for each material.
building construction .pptx hhhhhhjjjjjjjjhhhhunzilarauf39
Paint, varnishes, plastering and rendering are surface finishing materials used in construction. Paint provides color and protection, and can be applied using brushes, rollers or pouring. Varnishes form a protective coating over surfaces like wood. Plastering involves applying plaster to create smooth surfaces, while rendering protects and decorates exterior walls. Sustainable materials and modern techniques are improving energy efficiency, assembly speed and design flexibility in construction.
The document discusses the calendaring process for producing plastic sheets. It involves passing a plastic melt between heated counter-rotating rolls to form a continuous film or sheet. Key steps include compounding the plastic with additives, fluxing the compound, feeding it to heated calendar rolls, and winding the cooled sheet. Parameters like roll temperature, speed, and nip gap are controlled. Common applications of calendared sheets include packaging, medical products, flooring, and automotive parts.
This document provides an introduction to polymer composites. It defines composites as materials made of two or more chemically and physically distinct phases separated by a distinct interface. Composites combine materials to achieve properties not attainable by the individual components alone. The matrix phase holds the dispersed reinforcing phase and shares the applied load. Polymer composites offer advantages like high strength and stiffness, as well as good impact and corrosion resistance. Properties depend on factors like interfacial adhesion between phases, shape and orientation of the dispersed phase, matrix properties, and size and concentration of the dispersed phase. Processing methods for polymer composites include hand lay-up, injection molding, and pultrusion. Dental composites contain resin
The document discusses the properties, structure, processing, and applications of polyethylene. It describes the different types and grades of polyethylene based on density, including low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and high density polyethylene. It covers basic properties like melt flow index and density. It also discusses additives, processing techniques like injection molding and blow molding, and common applications like blow molded containers, pipes, films, and sheeting.
This document discusses composite materials and epoxy resins. It defines composite materials as materials made from two or more constituent materials that remain separate within the finished structure. The main types of composites are fiber-reinforced, particle-reinforced, and structural composites. Examples given include wood, concrete, and fiberglass. Epoxy resins are thermosetting plastics that harden permanently when mixed with a curing agent. They are used in applications such as coatings, construction, aerospace, electronics, adhesives, and sports equipment due to properties like strength, chemical resistance, and insulation. The document outlines advantages and limitations of epoxies and lists leading manufacturers in India.
Pultrusion is a continuous process for manufacture of composite materials with constant cross-section.
It is more widely used in industries where there is a continuous demand of the product
This document discusses various types of additives used in plastics, including their purposes and applications. It describes additives like fillers, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, colorants, antistatics, flame retardants, cross-linking agents, blowing agents, lubricants and impact modifiers. Additives are used to improve processing, increase stability, obtain better properties like impact resistance and hardness, control factors like surface tension, reduce costs, and increase flame resistance of plastics. The document provides classifications and examples of different additive types.
This document discusses various methods for producing composites, which are divided into open molding and closed molding. Open molding methods described include hand lay-up, spray-up, and filament winding. Closed molding methods include compression molding, pultrusion, vacuum bag molding, and vacuum infusion processing. Each method is briefly described in terms of its process, molds used, advantages, and typical products produced.
Epoxy coating is a two-part coating consisting of an epoxy resin and a hardener. The epoxy resin contains epoxy groups that crosslink with the hardener, typically an amine, producing a durable plastic coating. Epoxy coatings have excellent adhesion, corrosion and chemical resistance, and can be cured at room temperature. They are widely used in automotive, construction, electronics and other industries where high performance coatings are required.
Surface coatings are used to protect metals from corrosion and improve their properties. Common coating methods include conversion coatings like oxidation, phosphatization and chromating which form protective oxide layers. Thermal treatments involve diffusion, carburizing and nitriding to enrich the surface. Metal coatings are applied by electroplating, electroless plating or metallizing. Vapor deposition techniques like PVD and CVD are used to deposit thin, hard coatings. Organic coatings such as paint provide decorative and protective functions. Coatings selection depends on the substrate material and desired properties.
The document discusses different types of adhesives used in construction. It begins by defining adhesives and their properties. It then discusses natural adhesives like animal glues made from animal skins and hooves. Casein from milk and bitumen are also covered. The document also summarizes synthetic adhesives like thermoplastic adhesives such as PVA and thermosetting adhesives including urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde and epoxy resins. Specific rubber adhesives used in construction like Araldite, silicon sealant and Fevicol are explained. The document concludes by listing some building and construction applications of glues and sealants.
1. The document discusses the mechanisms of adhesion, which can be divided into chemical bonding and physical bonding. Chemical bonding involves primary bonds formed by electron sharing or exchange, and secondary bonds formed through mechanical linking. Physical bonding involves mechanical interlocking, diffusion, adsorption, and electrostatic forces.
2. Mechanical interlocking occurs when an adhesive penetrates pores and irregularities in a substrate to create a mechanical link. Diffusion bonding is caused by compatibility between polymer chains that allows for mixing and penetration. Adsorption bonding is through intermolecular attraction like van der Waals forces, requiring wetting of the substrate. Electrostatic bonding arises from separation of charges at interfaces, affecting polar adhesives.
A calender is a machine that processes polymer melts into sheets or films using heat and pressure between rollers. It works by softening the polymer and passing it through nips between two or more rollers to form a continuous sheet, with the thickness determined by the gap between the last rollers. Common uses of calendered sheets include flooring, rainwear, wall coverings, and signage. Thermoplastics are well-suited for calendering as they can soften without fully melting. Different roller configurations like I, L, and Z types address issues like separating forces between rollers. Calendering is advantageous for heat-sensitive materials but high capital costs and achieving precise thickness can be challenges
Plasticizers are substances added to polymers to make them softer and more flexible. They work by inserting themselves between polymer chains and reducing intermolecular forces and friction. This lowers the glass transition temperature of the polymer. Common plasticizers are esters such as phthalates, adipates, and trimellitates. They are added to things like plastics, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical films to modify properties.
Plasticizers are chemicals added to polymers to improve flexibility and processing. They work by spacing out polymer molecules, allowing easier movement. Most plasticizers are organic esters added to PVC to make it flexible. Phthalates are the most widely used type, accounting for over 90% of plasticizers. Common phthalate plasticizers include DOP, DEHP, DINP and DIDP. Selection depends on the required properties and application. Health concerns have led to a search for safer alternatives to phthalates.
Corona Treatment &. Plasma Treatment - The OpportuntiesFlexoGlobal
This document summarizes a presentation about surface treatment systems. It discusses corona treatment and plasma treatment. Corona treatment increases the surface energy of plastics by generating functional groups and reactive species on the surface. Plasma treatment also modifies surfaces by creating radical sites and new functional groups through reactions with plasma gases like oxygen and argon. Both treatments improve adhesion by increasing surface energy and creating sites for bonding. The presentation recommends optimizing treatments based on factors like material type and required adhesion level.
This document provides an overview of epoxy resins, including their history, structure, chemistry, curing processes, properties, applications, and health risks. Epoxy resins were discovered in the 1930s and introduced commercially in the 1940s. They are thermosetting polymers formed by reacting epichlorohydrin with bisphenol A or other core chemicals. Epoxy resins cure via addition polymerization when combined with hardeners, producing crosslinked networks with strong bonds and excellent mechanical and chemical resistance properties. Their applications include coatings, adhesives, composites, and more due to these advantages.
The document discusses different types of adhesives, their properties, uses, and classifications. It describes organic adhesives such as animal protein glues, blood albumin glues, casein adhesives, and starch adhesives. It also discusses synthetic adhesives including phenolic resins, resorcinol resins, urea resins, melamine resins, rubber-based solvent cements, and epoxies. Adhesives are classified as either thermoplastic adhesives or thermosetting adhesives, with thermosetting adhesives generally being more expensive but suitable for structural applications requiring high load resistance.
ABOUT ELASTOMER TYPES AND VULCANISATIONmannukumar24
This document provides an overview of polymeric materials called elastomers. It discusses different classes of elastomers including natural rubber, synthetic rubbers, and thermoplastic elastomers. Key points covered include the properties of natural rubber, the vulcanization process, common rubber additives and modifiers, commercial elastomers like styrene-butadiene rubber and their applications. Thermoplastic elastomers are also summarized, focusing on their production methods and advantages over traditional vulcanized rubbers.
Synthetic resins are materials with a property of interest that is similar to natural plant resins: they are viscous liquids that are capable of hardening permanently. Otherwise, chemically they are very different from the various resinous compounds secreted by plants. Synthetic resins comprise a large class of synthetic products that have some of the physical properties of natural resins but are different chemically. Synthetic resins are not clearly differentiated from plastics.
Tags
Alkyl and hydroxy alkyl alkylcellulose, Applications of Synthetic Resins, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Emulsion polymers manufacture, Formulation of Synthetic Resins, Formulation of Resins, Great Opportunity for Startup, How to Manufacture Synthetic Resins, How to start a successful synthetic resin business, How to start a synthetic resin production Business, How to start a synthetic resin production?, How to Start Emulsions of Synthetic Resin Business, How to start synthetic resin production Industry in India, Indene-coumarone resins,Manufacturing process of Epoxy Resins, Manufacturing process of Ion-exchange Resins, Manufacturing process of Phenolic resins, Manufacturing process of Polyamide Resins, Manufacturing process of Polyvinyl Acetate Solid Resins, Manufacturing process of Silicone resins, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Synthetic resin Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in synthetic resin production industry, Process of making synthetic resin adhesive, Processing of synthetic resin, Production of a synthetic resin, Profitable Small Scale synthetic resin Manufacturing, Project for startups, Resin Types and Production, Rosin & rosin derivatives, Rubber resins Formulation, Setting up and opening your synthetic resin Business, Shellac resins, Small scale Commercial synthetic resin making, Small Scale Synthetic resin manufacturing Projects, Small scale synthetic resin production line, Starting a synthetic resin production Business, Start-up Business Plan for synthetic resin production, Startup Project for synthetic resin production, Startup project plan, Sucrose resins, Synthetic resin Based Profitable Projects, Synthetic resin Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Synthetic Resin Business, Synthetic resin Making Small Business Manufacturing, Synthetic Resin Manufacturing, Synthetic resin manufacturing Industry in India, Synthetic resin manufacturing process, Synthetic resin method, Synthetic resin production, Synthetic resin production Business, Synthetic Resin Technology with formulation, Synthetic resin uses, Synthetic Resins, Synthetic Resins Technology book, Technological advances in the manufacture of resins, Technology of Synthetic Resins, Terpene resins, Types and applications of synthetic resin, Uses of rosin in the polymer fiel, Water-reducible resins
Phenolic resins are synthetic resins produced by the condensation of phenol or substituted phenol with an aldehyde like formaldehyde. There are two main types - novolacs and resols. Novolacs are produced under acidic conditions and resols under basic conditions. Phenolic resins have good electrical insulation properties and can retain properties at low temperatures. They are used in applications like circuit boards, radio cabinets, engine ignition equipment, cameras, and aerospace components.
This document discusses various construction materials including glass, chemicals, fabrics, and polymers. It provides details on three types of glass - float glass, laminated glass, and toughened glass. It also discusses various construction chemicals such as concrete hardeners, epoxy coatings, and mould releasing agents. Three construction fabrics - geotextile, fiberglass, and carbon fibre are outlined. Finally, it covers two construction polymers - rubber and polypropylene. The document provides information on applications, benefits, and costs for each material.
building construction .pptx hhhhhhjjjjjjjjhhhhunzilarauf39
Paint, varnishes, plastering and rendering are surface finishing materials used in construction. Paint provides color and protection, and can be applied using brushes, rollers or pouring. Varnishes form a protective coating over surfaces like wood. Plastering involves applying plaster to create smooth surfaces, while rendering protects and decorates exterior walls. Sustainable materials and modern techniques are improving energy efficiency, assembly speed and design flexibility in construction.
Plastics are polymers made from both natural and synthetic materials. There are two main categories of plastics based on their behavior with heat: thermoplastics, which soften when heated and harden when cooled, and thermosets, which permanently set during the heating process. Common plastics include acrylics, used for windows and skylights, and PVC, known for its corrosion resistance. Fiberglass reinforced plastics and glassfiber reinforced concrete are composite materials used in construction for their strength, durability, and lightweight properties.
Exterior and interior Finishes- Building ConstructionTaha Padrawala
The document discusses various internal surface finishes for buildings. It describes different types of finishes including self finishes that are inherent in materials and applied finishes that must be applied on site. Examples of common finishes are provided for domestic buildings. Natural finishes like clay plasters and lime plasters are highlighted for their benefits. The document also discusses different types of paints and their uses as well as common defects that can occur in paints.
Plastics can be used as building materials due to their beneficial properties such as strength, durability, resistance to water and corrosion, and low cost. There are two main types of plastics - thermoplastics, which soften when heated and harden when cooled and can be repeatedly reformed, and thermosetting plastics, which permanently harden during heating and cannot be remelted or remolded. Common applications of plastics in construction include pipes, cables, flooring, roofing, windows, and structural plastic composites reinforced with fibers.
This document provides information on various types of wall finishes used in construction, including plasters, paints, wall claddings, and acoustic finishes. It discusses the characteristics and application of different plaster types such as lime plaster, gypsum plaster, fire resistant plaster, x-ray shielding plaster, acoustic plaster, and heat resistant plaster. It also covers acoustic plaster and its sound absorbing properties. The document aims to educate on best practices for applying finishes like plaster to walls in a way that achieves smooth, durable surfaces.
what are thermoplastic adhesives, types, properties, uses, its explanation with examples, use in the construction industry, applications, includes a market survey.
Construction Joint Sealants: A Critical Part of Building Envelope PerformanceW. R. Meadows
This document discusses a training program on construction sealants. It provides information on the objectives, topics to be covered, and credits available for architects. The training will cover the history, purpose, applications, common problems, and critical factors for success of joint sealants. It will discuss terminology, sealant types, substrate preparation, proper installation techniques, and material selection considerations. The goal is to educate participants on best practices for designing and applying sealants to construction joints.
The document provides information on various types of adhesive tapes and their applications. It discusses duct tapes, double coated carpet tape, gaffer tapes, glass cloth tape, polyester tape, foam tapes, transfer tapes, EVA foam tape, vinyl nitrile foam tape, foil tapes, BOPP tape, floor marking tapes, masking tapes, kraft paper tapes, anti-skid tapes, Kapton tapes, PTFE tape, filament tapes, stretch film, hook and loop fasteners, pipe wrap tapes, PVC insulation wire tape, cyanoacrylate glue, HDPE tape, wire harness tape, cotton tape, fine line masking tape, and nylon tape. For each type of tape, 1
This document discusses coatings and their application processes. It begins by introducing coatings and their purposes of decorating and protecting surfaces. It then discusses substrate preparation which involves cleaning surfaces and making them smooth. The main application methods discussed are brushing, rolling, dipping, and various spraying techniques like pneumatic spraying and airless spraying. Priming and applying multiple finish coats is usually necessary. Proper substrate preparation and application techniques help the coating adhere and perform as intended.
Polymer are long chains of small molecules called monomers. There are different types of polymers including thermoplastics, thermosets, and natural polymers like rubber. The physical properties of polymers depend on factors like chain length, side groups, branching, and cross-linking. Rubber is a natural polymer made of isoprene monomers. It is elastic, flexible, resistant to chemicals and heat, and a good insulator. The main uses of rubber include tires, footwear, seals, bearings, and expansion joints in construction.
This document provides information about moulds and dies technology with a focus on plastics. It defines plastics and discusses their properties and classifications. Thermoplastics and thermosets are described and examples are given. Additives that can be used to modify polymer properties are outlined. The main plastic processes of moulding and forming are introduced. Injection moulding is discussed in detail, including the machine parts, process, and considerations for feed systems like the sprue, runner, and gate.
Plastics and Rubbers-Introduction, Types, Uses and ExamplesAnsh Agarwal
This document provides information on plastics and rubbers, including their composition, classification, and common types. It discusses thermoplastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, and ABS, as well as thermosetting plastics like phenol formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, and polyurethane. Common rubbers like natural rubber and synthetic rubbers are also outlined. The document aims to inform the reader about the basic properties and applications of important plastic and rubber materials.
General-purpose polyester resins are versatile, cost-effective polymers created through esterification reactions. They cure at room temperature or with heat and contain reactive monomers like styrene. These resins are easy to use, have good strength and durability, and cure quickly, making them suitable for a wide range of applications including laminating, mold making, construction, marine, automotive, and consumer goods. However, they may not be suitable for applications requiring high chemical or heat resistance.
This document provides an overview of thermoplastics, including their properties, types, applications, and market rates. Thermoplastics are plastics that can be remolded and reused, as they soften when heated but do not undergo chemical changes. Common thermoplastics include polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene, polyethylene, and methacrylate. Thermoplastics have a variety of applications in construction, including use in roofing, windows, flooring, and temporary structures. The document concludes by listing market rates for thermoplastic pipes from different manufacturers.
This document discusses marine coatings and protective coatings. It provides information on the types of structures that coatings protect, including ships, offshore structures, and industrial equipment. It notes that the main function of coatings is to protect steel from corrosion and chemicals. The document also provides statistics on the market size for anticorrosion coatings and discusses the key performance requirements for marine coatings. It describes some of the major application areas that utilize coatings, including ballast tanks, cargo holds, and offshore oil platforms.
This document provides information about plastic and specifically polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or acrylic plastic. It discusses that plastics are polymers made from petroleum that can be molded into various shapes. It then describes the two main types of plastics - thermoplastics and thermoset plastics - and provides examples of each. The document also outlines various properties and uses of plastics in general and PMMA specifically, including in construction, lighting, automotive, electronics, furniture and more. However, it notes that PMMA has limitations such as poor impact resistance and chemical resistance and may cause side effects if used in medical applications.
The document summarizes information about various types of rubber, sealants, and their markets. It discusses Buna N rubber, its properties and manufacturing process. It also outlines EPDM rubber, its increasing demand, properties, manufacturing and applications. Additionally, it covers vinyl rubber known as EVA including its market needs, properties, manufacturing and applications. Finally, it briefly mentions various types of sealants like acoustic sealants, firestop barrier sealants, polyisobutylene asphalts, non-curing butyl sealant and their applications and pricing.
The document discusses marine coatings and protective coatings. It describes their main function is to protect steel structures from corrosion and chemicals. Some key applications mentioned include marine vessels, offshore oil rigs, industrial structures, and transportation vehicles. It provides statistics on worldwide consumption of anticorrosion coatings. It also describes the role of various coatings in protecting different parts of ships from corrosion. Some key requirements for coatings are also listed such as resistance to corrosion and chemicals. The document discusses the composition, properties and uses of paints as well as methods for surface preparation and coating application.
Propertis and applications of thermoplasticsMuthukumar V
This document provides information on various thermoplastics, including polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonates, polyamides, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyimides, polyamide-imide, polyether ether ketone, and polytetrafluoroethylene. For each plastic, the document discusses its properties, production process if relevant, and common applications. The wide-ranging uses of these plastics include packaging, piping, electronics, automotive parts, textiles, and more.
PEEK is a colorless, semi-crystalline thermoplastic with excellent mechanical properties that is formed through step-growth polymerization. It has a density of 1.32 g/cm3, glass transition temperature of 143°C, and melting temperature of 343°C. PEEK has high strength, creep resistance, and chemical resistance, making it suitable for applications in industries like aerospace, automotive, and medical implants where it can replace metals like steel. PEEK is synthesized through a step-growth reaction between 4,4-difluorobenzophenone and disodium salt of hydroquinone at 300°C in diphenyl sulfone.
This document provides an overview of the composition and application of paint. It discusses that paint is composed of a binder, pigment, extenders, and solvents. The binder is the film-forming component that forms an adherent film on the surface. Pigments provide characteristics like color and protection. Extenders modify properties and solvents make the paint flowable. Common binders include oils, resins, and polymers while common pigments are titanium dioxide, iron oxide, and phthalocyanine. Paint is applied to surfaces like houses, cars, and machines through various methods.
Acrylic paint was first developed in the 1930s and became commercially available in the 1950s. It uses acrylic polymer emulsion to suspend pigments. Acrylic paint dries quickly and is water-soluble when wet but water-resistant when dry. It can mimic watercolor or oil painting techniques. Popularized in the 1960s by artists like Andy Warhol, it is commonly used for crafts and school art classes due to being non-toxic. Acrylic paint comes in various viscosities and grades for professional or student use. It offers advantages like quick drying, layering, and durability but also dries faster than oils, limiting blending techniques.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
1. Adhesives
• a substance used for sticking objects or materials together; glue.
• any substance applied to one surface, or both surfaces, of two separate
items that binds them together and resists their separation
• Adjectives may be used in conjunction with the word "adhesive" to
describe properties based on the substance's physical or chemical form,
the type of materials joined, or conditions under which it is applied
2. Coatings
• A coating is a covering that is applied to the surface of an object, usually referred to
as the substrate.
• The purpose of applying the coating may be decorative, functional, or both.
• The coating itself may be an all-over coating, completely covering the substrate, or it
may only cover parts of the substrate.
• Paints and lacquers are coatings that mostly have dual uses of protecting the
substrate and being decorative, although some artists paints are only for decoration,
and the paint on large industrial pipes is presumably only for the function of
preventing corrosion.
4. INDUSTRIAL/ COMMERCIAL USE
• adhesive usage in all kinds of industries, small or heavy.
• In small industries like those of food products, toys or stationary items,
adhesives play an integral role in processing to packaging
• In heavy industries, adhesives play a central role, right from assembling spare
parts of any machine, car paint or branding them with labels.
• In the construction industry too, for uniform distribution of stress, woods are
bonded with strong adhesives. Apart from that, for painting and furnishing or
home décor, adhesives are very essential.
5. Household Use
• Right from sticking envelopes to rejoining broken toys, we use adhesives
very frequently
• In form of glue sticks, cello tapes or gums, we use adhesives everyday to
mend shoes, to glue postage stamps, repair something or attaching tags to
gifts.
• The car industry typically uses polyurethane adhesives for vehicle interiors
and to bond windshields
• Wood chips or sawdust can be mixed with polyurethane adhesives to
make fiberboard.
• Conveyor belts are closed with the help of polyurethane adhesives.
6. USES OF Coating
USEOFCOATING
To provide adhesion or adhesive properties
For optical purposes
For catalytic action
Protective purposes
To provide anticorrosion properties
To Provide Magnetic Properties
To provide/enhance electrical properties
To provide odor/scent to substrate
7. To provide adhesion or adhesive
properties
• Non-stick PTFE coated- cooking pans
• Release coatings e.g. silicone-coated release liners for many self-
adhesive products
• primers encourage subsequent coatings to adhere well (also
sometimes have anti-corrosive properties)
8. For optical purposes
• Reflective coatings for mirrors
• Anti-reflective coatings e.g. on spectacles
• UV- absorbent coatings for protection of eyes or increasing the life of the substrate
• Tinted as used in some coloured lighting, tinted glazing, or sunglasses
9. Protective purposes
• Most surface coatings or paints are to some extent protecting the substrate
• Sealing and waterproofing wood
• Sealing the surface of concrete
• Waterproofing and damp proofing of concrete walls
• Roof coating
• Concrete bridge deck membranes
• Sealing and waterproofing of masonry
• Preserving machinery, equipment and structures
• Wear Resistance
• Anticorrosion
• Hard anti-scratch coating on plastics and other materials
e.g. of titanium nitride to reduce scratching and abrasion
loss
• Barrier coatings on concrete, metals and alloys subject to
erosion/abrasive attack
10. To provide/enhance electrical
properties
•Conformal Antenna, e.g., metal coatings on plastic airframes
•Conductive coatings e.g. to manufacture some types of resistors
•Insulating coatings e.g. on magnet wires used in transformers
11. For catalytic action
To Provide Magnetic Properties
To provide odor/scent to substrate
Coatings for self cleaning glass
Magnetic properties such as for magnetic media like cassette tapes, floppy disks, and
some mass transit tickets
Scent properties such as scratch and sniff stickers and labels uses special coatings