This document discusses addiction to commonly abused medications. It defines substance dependence and outlines some of the neuroanatomy involved, including neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, and brain areas like the nucleus accumbens and amygdala. It then discusses specific medications that are commonly abused like opioids, benzodiazepines, and stimulants. It covers risks of addiction and withdrawal for these substances and outlines treatment options which include detoxification, psychotherapy, and medication management.
Treatment Strategies for Women and Families with Substance AbuseErikaAGoyer
NATIONAL PERINATAL ASSOCIATION 2014 CONFERENCE
Treatment Strategies for Women and Families with
Substance Abuse: The participant will be able to:
Interpret the term “opioid use disorder,” explain the
benefits of Methadone Assisted Treatment (MAT) and
identify the characteristics of Neonatal Abstinence
Syndrome.
Continuing Education for mental health and substance abuse counselors and therapists. Reviews types of depressants including inhalants, side effects and effects on sports performance.
Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders: Scope for Social Work - Tasmin KurienTasminKurien
A presentation on different psychoactive substances and the disorders caused by dependence and addiction on them. And what can social workers do about it.
- by Tasmin Kurien
Subject: Mental Health and Social Work
Treatment Strategies for Women and Families with Substance AbuseErikaAGoyer
NATIONAL PERINATAL ASSOCIATION 2014 CONFERENCE
Treatment Strategies for Women and Families with
Substance Abuse: The participant will be able to:
Interpret the term “opioid use disorder,” explain the
benefits of Methadone Assisted Treatment (MAT) and
identify the characteristics of Neonatal Abstinence
Syndrome.
Continuing Education for mental health and substance abuse counselors and therapists. Reviews types of depressants including inhalants, side effects and effects on sports performance.
Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders: Scope for Social Work - Tasmin KurienTasminKurien
A presentation on different psychoactive substances and the disorders caused by dependence and addiction on them. And what can social workers do about it.
- by Tasmin Kurien
Subject: Mental Health and Social Work
Presentation by Dr. Jacob Kagan on addiction psychiatry, covers the neurobiology of addiction, diagnosis and management od dually-diagnosed patients, relapse prevention, psycopharmacology interventions and more. http://www.jacobkaganmd.com
The Physiology of Addiction - February 2012Dawn Farm
"The Physiology of Addiction" was presented on Tuesday February 21, 2012, by Dr. Carl Christensen, MD, PhD, FACOG, CRMO, ABAM. This program explores the differences in neurochemistry between the addicted brain and the normal brain, the progression of physiological changes that occur in people with alcohol/other drug addiction, the mechanisms of physiologic tolerance and withdrawal, and the effects of treatment on the addicted brain. This program is part of the Dawn Farm Education Series, a FREE, annual workshop series developed to provide accurate, helpful, hopeful, practical, current information about chemical dependency, recovery, family and related issues. The Education Series is organized by Dawn Farm, a non-profit community of programs providing a continuum of chemical dependency services. For information, please see http://www.dawnfarm.org/programs/education-series.
The Six Classifications of Drugs of Abuse (Grade 9 (Mapeh) Health Lesson)Jewel Jem
The Six Classifications of Drugs of Abuse
> Gateway Drugs
> Depressants
> Stimulants
> Narcotics
> Hallucinogens
> Inhalants
Along with meanings, types and pictures
The good and bad effects of each classifications of the drugs of abuse
Presentation by Dr. Jacob Kagan on addiction psychiatry, covers the neurobiology of addiction, diagnosis and management od dually-diagnosed patients, relapse prevention, psycopharmacology interventions and more. http://www.jacobkaganmd.com
The Physiology of Addiction - February 2012Dawn Farm
"The Physiology of Addiction" was presented on Tuesday February 21, 2012, by Dr. Carl Christensen, MD, PhD, FACOG, CRMO, ABAM. This program explores the differences in neurochemistry between the addicted brain and the normal brain, the progression of physiological changes that occur in people with alcohol/other drug addiction, the mechanisms of physiologic tolerance and withdrawal, and the effects of treatment on the addicted brain. This program is part of the Dawn Farm Education Series, a FREE, annual workshop series developed to provide accurate, helpful, hopeful, practical, current information about chemical dependency, recovery, family and related issues. The Education Series is organized by Dawn Farm, a non-profit community of programs providing a continuum of chemical dependency services. For information, please see http://www.dawnfarm.org/programs/education-series.
The Six Classifications of Drugs of Abuse (Grade 9 (Mapeh) Health Lesson)Jewel Jem
The Six Classifications of Drugs of Abuse
> Gateway Drugs
> Depressants
> Stimulants
> Narcotics
> Hallucinogens
> Inhalants
Along with meanings, types and pictures
The good and bad effects of each classifications of the drugs of abuse
Pain is physiological antagonist of CNS depressan effects
Opioid need to be titrated :
Opioid responsive pain (Pain sensitive opioid)
Combined analgesic therapy
ie after start with Mo and then adding
nerve block,Mo dose should reduced
Opioid respiratory depression may occur if used for
indication other than analgesia
Opioid are mainly effective against steady, dull pain
less effective against pain on moving and coughing
Drug Dependence & Abuse - Presentation by Akshay AnandAkshay Anand
A presentation on Drug Dependence and Drug Abuse that explains in brief about the various practices of substance abuse and dependence and the medicinal agents and drugs that can be used to overcome or treat such abuses. This was presented as a part of curriculum by Akshay Anand in Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy during May 2013.
This presentation covers the nature and features of drug dependence. It also gives coverage to different psychological or biological models of drug addiction.
Understanding Narcotic Medications for Service Membersmilfamln
Narcotic medications may be prescribed for a variety of treatments, primarily pain management, anxiety, and sleep disorders. With conditions such as chronic pain, another treatment or prescription may be given with narcotic prescriptions to augment and extend the effect of these medications.
In the presentation military professionals will learn about various classes of narcotics, along with their actions, interactions with other medications, and the potential dependence it may cause for wounded warriors. The presentation will also highlight differences in the therapies for acute and chronic pain management, as well as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The important role of military professionals, who work with the service member and families, to understand medication management will also be explored.
Workshop for the 5th Annual Addictions and Mental Health Ontario Conference, Canada
Weekly reports of opioid overdoses. Residential treatment providers refusing people on methadone. Supervised injection services. Confusion about naloxone. We will go back to basics, examine the situation we are in, explore misunderstandings, misconceptions and stigma, and discuss progressive programming, linkages and coordination.
Learning objectives:
- Be more informed about the range of opioid drugs, including substitute therapies
- Consider the negative impacts of misunderstanding and stigma on access to effective supports and treatment options
- Feel more comfortable developing inter-agency/program partnerships
- Discuss why the crisis continues to escalate and keeping things in check
Substance abuse - Signs and Symptoms & Treatment over dependence CLINICAL TOX...Dr. Ebenezer Abraham
This topic is taken from the Pharm.D (Doctor of Pharmacy) 4th Year, Subject (Clinical Toxicology) which describes the signs and symptoms and treatment over dependence of SUBSTANCE ABUSE
How Addiction effects us ,our fnf, our different body parts & how to treat it... It could be treated & there is still hope out there... So be brave and strong ...U can do it...U can do anything because it is ur great legacy...
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?
Addiction and Commonly Abused Medications
1. Addiction to Commonly
Abused Medication
Dr. Selahattin Kurter, MD
Spectrum Healthcare, LLC
Westgrove Clinic, LLC
Diplomat American Board of Neurology and Psychiatry
Diplomat American Board of Addiction Medicine
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry,
Medical College of Wisconsin
2. Definition of Substance
Dependence
At least 3 of 7 symptoms, which must be met during a 12-month
period:
• Tolerance
• Withdrawal
• Longer duration of taking substance or use in greater quantities
than was originally intended.
• Persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful efforts to stop or
lessen substance use.
• A relatively large amount of time spent in securing and using
the substance, or in recovering from the effects of the substance.
• Work and social life impacted negatively because of substance
use.
• Continued substance use despite negative physical and
psychological effects of use.
3. Neuro-Anatomy of
Substance Dependence
-Neuro-transmitters
-Neuro-transmitter Pathways
-Anatomical Structures
-Specific Medication/Substance Effect on Neuro chemicals and
Pathways
4. Neurotransmitters
in Substance Dependence
• Dopamine:
– Reward/pleasure system. Vital and evolutionary advantageous
behaviors often involve dopamine such as sex and food, etc.
• Serotonin (5-HT):
– Modulation of anger, aggression, body temperature, mood, sleep,
sexuality, appetite
• Norepinephine
– “Stress hormone”
– Involved in alertness and arousal, and influences on the reward
system
• Endorphines
– Endogenous Opioids
– Produces sense of well being and analgesia. Secreted during
excitement, exercise and sex
6. Nucleus Accumbens
• Major brain reward region. Many projections come from VTA
• Important role in reward, laughter, pleasure, addiction, fear,
and the placebo effect
• Almost every recreational substance causes a significant
increase in Dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens.
8. VTA (Ventral Tegmental
Area)
• Part of the pleasure system, or reward circuit, one of the major
sources of incentive and behavioral motivation.
• Alcohol, Opioids, and Nicotine have a direct affect on VTA by
increasing Dopamine release to Nucleus Accumbens.
• May play a role in avoidance and fear conditioning due to
potential for motivating issues of security and emotions
10. Amygdala & Hippocampus
Amygdala:
• Involved in fear conditioning
• Emotional Regulation
• Primary role in the processing and memory of emotional
reactions
Hippocampus:
• Formation of new memories about experienced events
• Spatial orientation
• Stress affects this area significantly
12. How does it feel to get high?
• Euphoria
• “A sense of control”
• Less stress (lowers anxiety)
• More sociable
• More energy (get things done quicker)
• “I feel like Superman”
13. Cycle of Addiction?
• Describes cycle of craving, using, withdrawal, and desire to stay
“hooked” on the addicting substance. Both physiological and
psychological
14. What Medications are
Addicting?
• Many medications can be addicting
– Tolerance
– Withdrawal
– Significant “out of control” effects to person’s life
– Commonly the following medications have higher risk of
addiction:
• Opiod (pain medication)
• Benzodiazepines (anxiety medications)
• Stimulants (ADHD medications)
15.
16. Dawn (Drug Abuse Warning Network) ER
Visits
High school opiate, cannabis, and alcohol
through 2006 (top down)
17. Hospital Admissions for
Heroin and Prescription
Opiod Painkillers
1995 2005 Increase
United States 242,381 317,011 30.79%
Illinois 5146 13,381 160.03%
Wisconsin 85 1694 1892.94%
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Dept of Health and Human Services.
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS). 1995-2005. DASIS Series:S-37
18. Opiod use in Wisconsin
• Estimated 192,000 people in Wisconsin used prescription pain
relievers inappropriately in 20051
• In Wisconsin, rate of 18-25 year old age group using
prescription pain pills in past year (13.1%) was higher than
national rate of 11.8%2
1.SAMHSA. February 5, 2008. 2. SAMHSA. FEB 4, 2008 2. DEA. Briefs and backgrounds, drugs and drug abuse,
state fact sheet, Illinois. Feb 4, 2008.
20. Opiod Addiction Kills?
Risk of Respiratory Depression with Increasing Dose
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
O
A
E
c
e
n
g
d
o
p
s
t
f
i
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Increasing Opioid Dose--->
21. Risk of Death or Danger
• 25% of Opiod addicts die in the first 5 years of
addiction
• 50% death rate every 5 years when IV heroin is
used
• Severe co morbidities occur with use:
– Endocarditis (heart valve infection)
– Hepatitis, HIV
– Tooth decay
– Cognitive effects
– Increase risk of criminality
22. Benzodiazepines
• Group of medications that are used to treat anxiety disorders,
muscle disorders, and social phobias
• They cause sedation, hypnotic effects, and muscle relaxation
• Can be snorting or used IV for a greater sedating effect
• More quicker acting and potent “Benzos” are more likely to be
abused and develop tolerance
Common Benzodiazepines (“Benzos”):
-Alprazolam (Xanax)
-Diazepam (Valium)
-Lorazepam (Ativan)
-Clonazepam (Klonopin)
-Temazepam (Restoril)
23. “Benzos”
• Long term use or misuse can cause or
worsen cognitive deficits, depression and worse
anxiety
• Abrupt discontinuation can lead to seizures and
death
• Withdrawal effects include tremors, agitation,
sweating, confusion, increased anxiety
• Moderate to severe withdrawal should be
managed medically (i.e. inpatient detox) to
prevent risk of death due to seizures
24. “Benzos”
• 10% of patients have protracted withdrawal syndrome, which
can persist for months to 1 year
• Overdoses usually do not lead to death unless it is mixed with
opioid or other sedatives (i.e. Alcohol)
• 80 percent of abuse is part of poly-drug abuse, most commonly
with opioid or alcohol
• 30-40% of Alcoholics have reported abusing “Benzos” some
time in their life
• 15% of heroin users report daily use of “Benzos”
25. Stimulants-Amphetamines
• Used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
and some types of depression
• Most potent forms derived from Amphetamine derivatives, such
as dextroamphetamine
• Causes increase in dopamine. Effects include increased focus,
increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, sweating,
increased cognitive functioning
• If abused or in high dosages, effects are euphoria, “confidence,”
grandiosity, irritability, increased sex drive, and weight loss
Common Stimulants:
-Adderall
-Adderall XR
-Dexedrin
-Ritalin
26. Stimulants-Amphetamines
• Toxicity occurs with repeated use
– Hypertension leading to stroke or brain hemorrhage
– Cardiac Arrhythmia leading to cardiac failure
• Abrupt discontinuation can lead to acute
depression and apathy in 50% of abusers
• 80% of amphetamine abusers report
hallucinations (visual and auditory)
• Chronic abuse of amphetamines may lead to
loss of dopamine regulation resulting in long
term cognitive and emotional imbalance
27. Treatment
• Necessity of individualized treatment
• Inpatient Detox, Day treatment, Outpatient
treatment
– Psychotherapy
• Group therapies (AA model, 12 steps)
• Individual therapy for drug addiction
– Medication Management
• Last 10 years great advancement in understanding of
neurobiology of addiction
• Evidence based treatments are augmentative to psychotherapy
• Must address both the biology and psychology of addiction