The document provides an overview of drug addiction, defining it as a dependence on substances that leads to harmful consequences. It discusses the reasons for addiction's prevalence, its significant health effects, and the impact on individuals and society. Prevention strategies such as counseling and community initiatives are suggested to combat addiction.

1. DRUG ADDICTION
BY: FASIH AFZAL(026).
SEMESTER: 1ST

2. CONTENT:
• What is Drug Addiction?
• Why one adopts Addiction?
• Why is Addiction a Problem?
• Effects on Health.
• How people around an Addict are effected.
• How to avoid addiction.
• Help & Guidance.

3. WHAT IS ADDICTION?
Addiction is the repeated involvement with a substance or activity, despite
the substantial harm it now causes, because that involvement was (and may
continue to be) pleasurable and/or valuable.
Drug addiction, also called substance use disorder, is a dependence on a legal or
illegal drug or medication. Drug addiction can cause an intense craving for
the drug

4. THE MAIN DRUGS OF ABUSE
TYPES EXAMPLES DEPENDENCE LIABILITY
Narcotic analgesics Morphine Very strong
Diamorphine Very strong
General CNS depressants Ethanol Strong
BarbiturateS Strong
Methaqualone Moderate
Glutethimide Moderate
Anaesthetics Moderate
Solvents Strong

5. Anxiolytic drugs Benzodiazepines Moderate
Psychomotor stimulants Amphetamines Strong
Cocaine Very strong
Caffeine Weak
Nicotine Very strong
Psychotomimetic agents LSD Weak or absent
Mescaline Weak or absent
Phencyclidine Moderate
Cannabis Weak or absent

6. EFFECT OF SMOKING AND ALCOHOL

7. WHY ONE ADOPTS ADDICTION?
• People take drugs for many reasons, and they may
take stimulants to keep alert, or cocaine for the
feeling of excitement it produces.
_Curiosity
– peer pressure
– relief of stress
– increased energy
– to relax
– to relieve pain
– to escape reality
– to feel more self-esteem, and for recreation.
• Athletes and bodybuilders may take anabolic steroids
to increase muscle mass

8. WHY IS ADDICTION A PROBLEM?
• Rates of alcohol, tobacco and other drug use begin early and increase through
the mid 20’s
• Early use increases the risk of addiction.
• Consequences of alcohol, tobacco and drug use are great.
• Addiction affects all strata of society.
• Costs of addiction are high including death, lost productivity, costs to society
and families.

9. PREVALENCE OF BINGE DRINKING, TOBACCO USE,
MARIJUANA USE, AND OTHER DRUG USE

10. EFFECTS ON HEALTH
Short-term effects can range from changes in appetite, wakefulness, heart
rate, blood pressure, and/or mood to heart attack, stroke, psychosis,
overdose, and even death. These health effects may occur after just one use .
Longer-term effects can include heart or lung disease, cancer, mental illness,
HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, and others…..

11. MOST IMPORTANT EFFECTED PART
• It effects all functioning of our body but I am interested in discussing the most
important part of our body that is effected by it……….That’s right I am talking
about the BRAIN…………..

12. EFFECTS ON BRAIN
• All drugs of abuse - nicotine, cocaine, marijuana, and others - effect the
brain's "reward" circuit, which is part of the limbic system.
• It also effects the neuro-genesis process, i.e the production of new
neurons which are 700 per day for a healthy man.

13. BRAIN CHEMISTRY
 The human brain is the most complex organ in the human body. Although it may weigh less
than 3 pounds, it somewhat mysteriously controls both your thoughts and the physiological
processes that keep you alive. Drugs and alcohol change the way you feel by altering the
chemicals that keep your brain working smoothly.
 Let’s get into the science of things. When you first use drugs, your brain releases a chemical
called dopamine that makes you feel euphoric and want more of the drug. After all, it’s
only natural to want more of the thing that makes you feel good right?
 Over time, your mind gets so used to the extra dopamine that you can’t function normally
without it. Everything about you will begin to change, including
your personality, memory, and bodily processes that you might
currently take for granted.

14. PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
• Wild mood swings, depression, anxiety, paranoia, violence
• Decrease in pleasure in everyday life
• Complication of mental illness
• Hallucinations
• Confusion
• Psychological tolerance to the drug's effects creating a desire to do ever-
increasing amounts of the drug
• Desire to engage in risky behavior

15. HOW PEOPLE AROUND AN ADDICT ARE EFFECTED
The effects of substance abuse can be on many
levels:
– on the individual,
– on friends and family,
– on society.

16. EFFECTS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE- ON INDIVIDUAL
• Around 10000 death causes by drug abuse every
year.
• Many drug users engage in criminal activity, such as
burglary and prostitution, to raise the money to buy drugs,
and some drugs, especially alcohol, are associated with
violent behavior.
• Cocaine: anxiety, fatigue, depression, and an acute desire.
• Marijuana and alcohol interfere with motor control and
are factors in many automobile accidents.
• Users of marijuana and hallucinogenic drugs may
experience flashbacks, unwanted recurrences of the drug's
effects weeks or months after use.

17. EFFECTS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE-ON FRIENDS AND
FAMILY
• Marital problems and poor
work performance
• Pregnant drug users, because
of the drugs themselves or
poor self-care in general, bear
a much higher rate of low
birth-weight babies than the
average.

18. EFFECTS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE- ON SOCIETY
• Drug abuse affects society in many ways.
• In the workplace it is costly in terms of lost work time and
inefficiency.
• Drug-related crime can disrupt neighborhoods due to
violence among drug dealers, threats to residents, and
the crimes of the addicts themselves.
• Half of the highway deaths in the United States involve
alcohol.

20. PREVENTION STRATEGIES
Universal Prevention:
 Counseling, medication as well as meditation, positive
culture & spirituality.
 After school activities with limited supervision, programming.
 Drug information, fear arousal, moral appeal.
 Neighborhood Watch
 Redirecting youth behavior
 Youth Employment with Education

21. FF P GAS
•F AMILY
•F RIENDS
•P ASSIONS
•G OALS
•A WARENESS
• S HARE

22. PREVENT DRUG USAGE
YES, YOU CAN
SAY IT!

23. REFERENCES
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmitter
• http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/genpsyneurotransmitters.html
• http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/mari.html
• http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/introb.html
• http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/coca.html
• http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/mdma.html
• http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/nic.html
• http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/caff.html
• http://www.encognitive.com/files/How%20We%20Become
%20Addicted.pdf
• http://www.drugsno.com/drug-addiction/

24. • http://www.ehow.com/how_5083270_preventteen-
drug-use.html
• http://www.ehow.com/how_2103856_preventteenage-
drug-use.html
• http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?q=i
%20can%20do%20it&imgurl
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmitter
• http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/genpsyneurot
ransmitters.html

25. http://www.scribd.com/doc/95251/Classification-of-Drugsand-
Their-Effects:
• http://www.cocaine-effects.com/
• http://alcoholism.about.com/od/coke/a/effects.htm
• http://www.ecstasy-effects.com/
• http://www.thegooddrugsguide.com/ecstasy/effects.htm
• http://alcoholism.about.com/od/pot/a/effects.-Lya.htm
• http://www.scribd.com/doc/95251/Classification-of-Drugsand-

26. THANK YOU!