The document discusses the active and passive voice in English grammar. It provides rules for forming the passive voice for all tenses except the present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous, future continuous, and future perfect continuous tenses. Examples are given for simple sentences in active and passive voice for tenses like present, past, future, present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect. The passive voice is also discussed for imperative sentences and modal verbs.

1. ACTIVE & PASSIVE VOICE SIMRAN KAUR

2. ACTIVE VOICE
[Thing doing action] + [Action] + [Thing
receiving action]
1. The professor teaches the student.

3. PASSIVE VOICE
[Thing receiving action] + [BE] + [Past participle
form of verb] + [BY] + [Thing doing action]
1. The students are taught by the teacher.

4. RULES FOR PASSIVE VOICE FOR
ALL TENSES
1. The places of subject and object in sentence
are interchanged in passive voice.
2. 3rd form of verb will be used as the main verb
in passive voice.

5. TENSES WHICH CAN’T BE
CONVERTED
1. Present perfect continuous tense
2. Past perfect continuous tense
3. Future continuous tense
4. Future perfect continuous tense

6. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
RULE: Object + is/am/are + 3rd form of verb +
by + Subject.
ACTIVE: Ram drives the car.
PASSIVE: The car is driven by Ram.
ACTIVE: I like mangoes.
PASSIVE: Mangoes are liked by me.

7. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
RULE: Object + is/am/are + being + 3rd form of
verb + by + Subject.
ACTIVE: Ram is driving the car.
PASSIVE: The car is being driven by Ram.
ACTIVE: She is reading the book.
PASSIVE: The book is being read by her.

8. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
RULE: Object + has/have + been + 3rd form of
verb + by + Subject.
ACTIVE: Ram has driven the car.
PASSIVE: The car has been driven by Ram.
ACTIVE: They have learnt these lessons.
PASSIVE: These lesson have been learnt by
them.

9. SIMPLE PAST TENSE
RULE: Object + was/were + 3rd form of verb +
by + Subject.
ACTIVE: Ram drove the car.
PASSIVE: The car was driven by Ram.
ACTIVE: I liked mangoes.
PASSIVE: Mangoes were liked by me.

10. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
RULE: Object + was/were + being + 3rd form of
verb + by + Subject.
ACTIVE: Ram was driving the car.
PASSIVE: The car was being driven by Ram.
ACTIVE: She was reading the book.
PASSIVE: The book was being read by her.

11. PAST PERFECT TENSE
RULE: Object + had + been + 3rd form of verb
+ by + Subject.
ACTIVE: Ram had driven the car.
PASSIVE: The car had been driven by Ram.
ACTIVE: They had learnt these lessons.
PASSIVE: These lessons had been learnt by
them.

12. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
RULE: Object + will + be + 3rd form of verb +
by + Subject.
ACTIVE: Ram will drive the car.
PASSIVE: The car will be driven by Ram.
ACTIVE: I will like mangoes.
PASSIVE: Mangoes will be liked by me.

13. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
RULE: Object + will have + been + 3rd form of
verb + by + Subject.
ACTIVE: Ram will have driven the car.
PASSIVE: The car will have been driven by Ram.
ACTIVE: They will have learnt these lessons.
PASSIVE: These lessons will have been learnt by
them.

14. PASSIVE VOICE FOR IMPERATIVE
SENTENCES
ACTIVE: Open the door.
PASSIVE: Let the door be opened.
ACTIVE: Clean the room.
PASSIVE: Let your room be cleaned.
ACTIVE: Speak the truth.
PASSIVE: Let the truth be spoken.

15. PASSIVE VOICE FOR PRESENT AND
FUTURE MODALS
ACTIVE PASSIVE
Can be Could be
May May be
Might Might be
Should Should be
Must Must be
Ought to Ought to be
May have May have been
Might have Might have been
Should have Should have been
Must have Must have been
Ought to have Ought to have been

16. THANK YOU!!!