This document discusses relative clauses, which are dependent clauses that function like adjectives to provide more information about a noun. There are two types of relative clauses: restrictive relative clauses that are necessary for identifying the noun and are not set off by commas, and non-restrictive relative clauses that provide additional information and are set off by commas. Relative clauses can contain who, which, that as subject pronouns or be replaced by participial phrases to make sentences shorter.

1. Relative Clause
Presented by: Nanik Rahmawati

2.  Imagine,
a girl is talking to Tom. You want
to know who she is and ask a friend
whether he knows her. You could say:
A girl is talking to Tom. Do you know the girl?

3. 
That sounds rather complicated, doesn't it? It
would be easier with a relative clause:
you put both pieces of information into one
sentence. Start with the most important
thing – you want to know who the girl is.

4. Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom?

5. What is Relative Clause?
 A relative clause is one kind of dependent clause.
 It has a subject and verb, but can’t stand alone
as a sentence.
 It is sometimes called an ―adjective clause‖
because it functions like an adjective—it gives
more information about a noun.

6. Kinds of Relative Clause

7. Restrictive Relative Clauses
(Defining Relative Clauses )
 Restrictive relative clauses give information that
defines the noun—information that’s necessary for
complete identification of the noun.
 Use ―that‖ or ―which‖ for non-human nouns; use
―that‖ or ―who‖ for human nouns.
 Do not use commas.

8. Note:
 Object pronouns in defining relative clauses
can be dropped.
Ex: The boy (who/whom) we met yesterday is
very nice.
Become: The boy we met yesterday is very
nice.
 Defining relative clauses are often used in
definitions. Example:
Ex: A seaman is someone who works on a ship.

9. NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES
(NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES )
Give additional information on something, but do
not define it.
 Non-defining relative clauses are put in commas.
 In non-defining relative clauses, who/which may
not be replaced with that.
 Object pronouns in non-defining relative clauses
must be used.

Ex: Jim, who/whom we met yesterday, is very
nice.

10. 
Relative clauses with who, which, that as
subject pronoun can be replaced with a
participle. This makes the sentence
shorter and easier to understand.

11. I told you about the woman who lives
next door.
Become: I told you about the woman living
next door.

Do you see the cat which is lying on the
roof?
Become: Do you see the cat lying on the
roof?


12. THANKYOU