Common Verb Forms Infinitive Form Base Form

1. All Forms of Verbs
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2. Outline
• Common Verb Forms
• Infinitive Form
• Base Form
• Simple Past Form
• Past Participle Form
• Present Continuous Form
• 3rd Person Singular Form
• Exception of 'be'
• Irregular Verbs /Quiz
• Helping Verbs
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3. Common Verb Forms
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• Infinitive Form
to work, to cut, to go, to sing, to have
• Base form (V1)
work, cut, go, sing, have, drink, eat
• Simple Past Form (V2)
worked, cut, went, sang, had, drunk, ate
• Past Participle Form (V3)
worked, cut, gone, sung, had, drunken, eaten
• Present Participle Form
working, cutting, going, having, drinking, eating
• Present Simple (3rd Person Singular)
works, cuts, goes, has, drinks, eats
V1, V2, V3 we often cram because other forms are always same

4. Infinitive Form
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• A complete infinitive form contains a 'to' before it.
• It does other purposes rather than being the main verb.
After an adjective: I am happy to see you again.
After a usual verb: I want to come.
As infinitive structure: I want you to come.
• One can also have a bare infinitive along with auxiliary
or helping verbs as follows:
I will come. I can't come. I must come.

5. Base form
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• This is the most commonly used first form as simple
present or an imperative form (Instructional).
I eat mangoes. (Simple Present)
I go there. (Simple Present)
I work for a company. (Simple Present)
They go there everyday. (Simple Present)
Be quiet. (Imperative)
Have a nice day. (Imperative)
Make a chapati. (Imperative)

6. Simple Past Form (V2 Forms)
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• This form we commonly see with an added 'ed'
extension or an irregular form that we have to
remember.
I worked for a company. ('ed' form of 'work')
She went to market. (irregular form of 'go')
They had vanished. (irregular form of have and
'ed' form of vanish)
I was surprised. (irregular form of 'am' and 'ed'
form of surprise)
Raju ate bananas. (Irregular form of 'eat')

7. Past Participle Form (V3 Forms)
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• A participle form is one, which can also be
used as an adjective.
I saw a painted wall. (paint-painted-painted)
The man was fully drunk. (drink-drank, drunk)
I had gone. (go-went-gone)
This pen is made of plastic. (make-made-made)
I have never been so happy. (be-been-been)

8. Present Participle or Progressive Form
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• Many times we add –ing to a verb to indicate a
progressive or continuous action. Adding –ing can
also make a verb as an adjective.
I am going to market. (Progressive)
I have been working all night. (Progressive)
He is the shining star of this class. (Participle)
They all made a whistling sound. (Participle)
The girl standing there is my sister. (Participle)

9. Present Simple/3rd Person Singular
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• As per subject verb agreement rule a
singular third person uses the '–s' or '-es'
form of the verb.
He goes.
Ravi sings very well.
She has lots of clothes.
It is this habit, I dislike the most.
He works in a factory.

10. Is there a future form of verb?
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• There is no separate future form of the base form.
The future is denoted with the help of auxiliary
verbs or the progressive forms. The future
expressions use the other forms like base form,
participle form or -ing form .
I am going to meet my friend tomorrow.
I will take a late dinner today.
You are to travel to Delhi, next sunday.
The train is about to leave the platform.
A week from now, she will have finished her exams.

11. Exceptional Forms of 'Be'
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• In English 'Be' is an exceptional verb having as many
as '9' Forms.
I have to be present there. (Infinitive)
Be happy. (Base)
I was reading a book. (Past simple singular)
They were going. (Past simple plural)
She has never been late. (Past participle)
Being good to all is possible. (Present Participle)
I am watching a movie. (Present Simple)
Children are sleeping. (Present progressive)
It is my foremost duty. (Present Simple)

12. Irregular Verbs
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• Verbs which have different base, past and participle
forms are called irregular verbs. This is because
there is no set rule to make there forms. For regular
verbs rule of adding –ed follows.
Eat – Ate- Eaten
Drink – Drank – Drunk
Go – Went – Gone
Have – Had – Had
Do – Did – Done
Make – Made – Made
Cut – Cut - Cut

13. Irregular Verb Quiz
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• Write V2 and V3 forms of the following verbs.
Become Begin Bend
Break Drive Fit
Forget Give Keep
Know Pay Show
Sleep Tell Think
Write

14. Irregular Verb Quiz - Answer
Become – Became – Become
Begin – Began – Begun
Bend – Bent – Bent
Break – Broke – Broken
Drive – Drove – Driven
Fit – Fit – Fit
Forget – Forgot – Forgotten
Give – Gave – Given
Keep – Kept – Kept
Know – Knew – Known
Pay – Paid – Paid
Show – Showed – Shown
Sleep – Slept – Slept
Tell – Told – Told
Think – Thought – Thought
Write – Wrote - Written
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15. Helping/Auxiliary Verbs
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• There are two main types of helping verbs
– Primary
– Modal
• Primary: Changes tense, voice or types. Can be used as main verb also.
Ex: I do , I have to do, I have to be patient.
• Modal: Changes mood. Can never be used as main verb.
Can you speak? She could talk.
She may speak. She might talk.
I will go. I would go.
They shall come. They should come.
I must go.
I ought to follow rules.

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