Acid Rain and Air Pollution
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A presentation created for college Ecology subject. This presentation is about acid rain, how it is formed, and how to prevent it from happening. It also includes information about air pollution, its causes and effects.
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Ionizing radiations: Ionizing radiations include alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays. They are released into the air by testing atomic weapons.
Freons: The use of freons and other chloro-fluoro-carbon compounds in refrigerants, coolants, and as filling agents in aerosol also causes pollution.
Aerosols: Aerosols are small particles of all sorts of solid or liquid substances suspended in the air. They block the stomata of plants and prevent the gaseous exchanges between plants and the atmosphere. They may also change the climate of an area.
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Air pollution
this presentaion will tell you about air pollution.. its my first time to upload a ppt. so sorry for the mistakes i have made..but next i will try my best
Env. Eng. 21-22-Ass-Acid Rain-26-Mar.pdf
This document is a report on acid rain that was submitted by 7 students to their instructor Dr. Zahid Omar Mustafa at Koya University. The report defines acid rain, describes the two types of acid rain deposition, and discusses how acidity is measured. It explains the natural and man-made causes of acid rain, the formation process, and the effects of acid rain on fish/wildlife, plants/trees, and human health. Finally, it provides recommendations for preventing acid rain, such as energy conservation and alternative fuels.
ACID RAIN, THEIR IMPACTS AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR MANAGEMENT
Acid rain is one of the major environmental threats since 19th century. The effect of acidification has been sighted all over the world such as deleterious ecological effects such as reduced reproduction of aquatic fish species, dieback and stunted growth in plants, accumulation of toxic aluminium and heavy metals in soil and water bodies, biodiversity loss including corals and shellfish, degrade to the manmade structures made up of marble and stone and corrosion of metal structures.
The term acid rain was coined in 1852 by Scottish chemist Robert Angus Smith, according to the Royal Society of Chemistry, which calls him the "father of acid rain."
Ecological consequences of The Acid rain
Acid rain affects each and every components of ecosystem. Acid rain also damages man-made materials and structures Acid rain is one of the most serious environmental problems emerged due to air pollution Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen and ozone to some extent are the primary causes of acid rain. These pollutants originate from human activities such as combustion of burnable waste, fossil fuels in thermal power plants and automobiles. These constituents interact with reactants present in the atmosphere and result into acid deposition Due to the interaction of these acids with other constituents of the atmosphere, protons are released causing increase in the soil acidity, lowering of soil pH mobilizes and leaches away nutrient cations and increases availability of toxic heavy metals. Such changes in the soil chemical characteristics reduce the soil fertility, which ultimately causes the negative impact on growth and productivity of forest trees and crop plants. Acid rain has also been reported in India. A rainfall of pH 3.5 was reported in Mumbai. The air pollution levels are steadily rising in the metropolitan cities like Kolkata, Delhi, Mumbai. Acid rain problem in Bihar, West Bengal, Orissa and southern coastal India has been predicted to lead to infertile soil. Acid rain makes the water bodies acidic. The amphibians are also affected by acidification of water bodies .At low pH, many species of amphibians including frogs, toads and salamander are particularly sensitive. Indirect effect of acid rain on human health involves toxic heavy metals because these are liberated from soil when soil gets acidified. The most common heavy metals are Al, Cd, Zn, Pb, Hg, Mn and Fe. These mobilized contaminants are dissolved in soil and water make their way to groundwater that is drunk by humans and contaminate the food (Fish, meat, and vegetables) eaten by humans .These heavy metals get accumulated in the body and resulted into various health problems like dry coughs, asthma, headache, eye, nose and throat irritations. Acid rain problem has been tackled to some extent in the developed world by reducing the emission of the gases causing acid rain.
CBSE-Class 11 - Chemistry -Chapter 14-Environmental Chemistry
Environmental chemistry is the study of chemical phenomena that occur in natural environments and how human activity affects these phenomena. It involves understanding natural chemical concentrations and effects, in order to study human impacts. Major air pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulates produced from fossil fuel combustion. These primary pollutants can form secondary pollutants like ground-level ozone and acid rain through chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Air pollution is linked to various health issues and is a leading cause of noncommunicable diseases worldwide.
Type of pollution air
This document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, soil, radioactive, noise, light, and visual pollution. It focuses on air pollution, describing primary and secondary pollutants. Major causes of air pollution are identified as overpopulation, urbanization, increasing traffic, industrialization, and energy consumption. Effects of air pollution include both chronic and acute human health impacts as well as environmental effects such as acid rain. Control of air pollution requires strategies like improving automotive emissions, afforestation, limiting open burning, anti-smoking efforts, legislation, and environmental education.
environmental chemistry.pdf
Environmental chemistry deals with studying the interaction of chemicals and their effects on the environment and living things. It covers important areas like personal hygiene, pollution, and health hazards. There are several types of pollution including soil, water, and air pollution. Soil pollution stems from waste dumping, pesticides, urbanization, and mining. Water pollution comes from municipal and industrial discharge as well as other human activities. Air pollution results from the addition of undesirable materials into the atmosphere from natural phenomena and human activities, adversely affecting air quality and life. Common air pollutants include smog from vehicle emissions and power plants as well as acid rain caused by sulfur and nitrogen oxides from burning fossil fuels. Reducing pollution involves following the
Air Quality Presentation - EEH Chapter 10
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Acid Rain Research Essay
The document provides an overview of acid rain, discussing its causes and effects. Some key points:
- Acid rain is caused by air pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides reacting with water and oxygen in the atmosphere.
- It can harm the environment in several ways, such as weakening trees' defenses, damaging soil by removing nutrients, and causing algal blooms that create "dead zones" in oceans.
- Buildings and structures made of stone can deteriorate more quickly due to acid rain. While it does not directly affect humans, the pollutants that cause it can cause illnesses if inhaled.
- Areas that have been greatly impacted include eastern Europe, eastern
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ACID RAIN, THEIR IMPACTS AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR MANAGEMENT
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CBSE-Class 11 - Chemistry -Chapter 14-Environmental Chemistry
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Naegleria fowleri
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Entamoeba polecki
Entamoeba polecki is an intestinal parasite found primarily in pigs and monkeys. It has two stages in its life cycle - as a trophozoite and as a cyst. While most infections are asymptomatic, some reports have shown symptomatic infections in humans causing diarrhea. Laboratory diagnosis involves examining stool samples for the presence of trophozoites and cysts. Treatment typically involves a combination of metronidazole and diloxanide furoate, or metronidazole alone.
Entamoeba histolytica
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Entamoeba hartmanni
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Entamoeba gingivalis
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Entamoeba coli
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Endolimax nana
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Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
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Acid Rain and Air Pollution
- 1. Acid Rain & Urban Air Pollution Report by: Veronica Baje
- 2. Objectives • Define acid rain and air pollution. • Understand what causes acid rain and air pollution. • Differentiate the types of pollutants. • Learn the acid rain pathway. • Identify the forms of acid rain. • Learn the measurement of acid rain. • Know the effects of acid rain and air pollution. • Find ways on how to prevent acid rain and air pollution.
- 3. Course Outline I. Acid rain a. Causes of acid rain b. Acid rain pathway c. Forms of acid deposition d. Measuring acid rain II. Air Pollution a. Types of pollutants b. Causes of air pollution c. Effects of air pollution d. Solutions for air pollution
- 4. Acid Rain Acid rain, or acid deposition, is a broad term that includes any form of precipitation with acidic components, such as sulfuric or nitric acid that fall to the ground from the atmosphere in wet or dry forms. This can include rain, snow, fog, hail or even dust that is acidic.
- 5. Causes of Acid Rain • Burning of fossil fuels to generate electricity. Two thirds of SO2 and one fourth of NOX in the atmosphere come from electric power generators. • Vehicles and heavy equipment. • Manufacturing, oil refineries and other industries.
- 6. Acid Rain Pathway 1. Emission of SO2 and NO4 are released into the air. 2. Pollutants are transformed into acid particles that may be transported long distances. 3. The acid particles fall to the earth as wet and dry depositions. 4. Causes harmful effects on soil, forests, streams, and lakes.
- 7. Forms of Acid Deposition • Wet Deposition – is what we most commonly think of as acid rain. The sulfuric and nitric acids formed in the atmosphere fall to the ground mixed with rain, snow, fog, or hail. • Dry Deposition – the acidic particles and gases may deposit to surfaces (water bodies, vegetation, buildings) quickly or may react during atmospheric transport to form larger particles that can be harmful to human health
- 8. Measuring Acid Rain Acidity and alkalinity are measured using a pH scale for which 7.0 is neutral. The lower a substance's pH (less than 7), the more acidic it is; the higher a substance's pH (greater than 7), the more alkaline it is. Normal rain has a pH of about 5.6; it is slightly acidic because carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves into it forming weak carbonic acid. Acid rain usually has a pH between 4.2 and 4.4.
- 9. Air Pollution Air pollution refers to the release of pollutants into the air that are detrimental to human health and the planet as a whole.
- 10. Types of Pollutants 1. Primary air pollutants – can be caused by primary sources or secondary sources. The pollutants that are a direct result of the process can be called primary pollutants. A classic example of a primary pollutant would be the sulfur-dioxide emitted from factories. 2. Secondary pollutants – are the ones that are caused by the inter mingling and reactions of primary pollutants. Smog created by the interactions of several primary pollutants is known to be as secondary pollutant.
- 11. Causes of Air Pollution 1. Burning of fossil fuels. 2. Agricultural activities. 3. Exhausts from factories and industries. 4. Mining operations. 5. Indoor air pollution.
- 12. Effects of Air Pollution 1. Respiratory and heart problems. 2. Global warming. 3. Acid rain. 4. Eutrophication. 5. Destruction of wildlife habitat. 6. Depletion of ozone layer.
- 13. Solutions for Air Pollution 1. Use public mode of transportation. 2. Conserve energy. 3. Understand the concept of reduce, reuse, recycle. 4. Emphasis on clean energy resources. 5. Use energy efficient devices.
Editor's Notes
- Dry deposition – When the accumulated acids are washed off a surface by the next rain, this acidic water flows over and through the ground, and can harm plants and wildlife, such as insects and fish.
- Eutrophication - Eutrophication, or hypertrophication, is when a body of water becomes overly enriched with minerals and nutrients which induce excessive growth of plants and algae. This process may result in oxygen depletion of the water body