Entamoeba hartmanni is a non-pathogenic amoeba found worldwide that does not have an invasive stage and does not ingest red blood cells. It has a similar life cycle to E. histolytica where cysts are ingested and excyst in the small intestine, trophozoites multiply in the large intestine and produce cysts which are passed in stool. Infections with E. hartmanni are typically asymptomatic and it is considered non-pathogenic so treatment is usually not indicated.
Dibothriocephalus latus is a pseudophyllidea cestode called chinese tapeworm have 2 suckers within scolex. it has 2 intermediate hosts first is the copepod and the second is fish before mammalian ( dog, cat, bear, human.. etc.) will eat it to become an adult tapeworm.
Morphology, Life cycle, Clinical manifestations and laboratory diagnosis of E. histolytica from Clinical and Microbiological point of view for UG and PG Students.
The topic is highly useful for MBBS students.
Trichinella is a neamtode, The disease is called as Trichinellosis/Trichinosis. This topic will be explaining about Morphology of Trichinella, mode of transmission, life cycle ,clinical features, lab diagnosis, treatment and its prevention.
Non-pathogenic Amoeba. protozoa in the ameba group inhabit human gastrointes...osmanolow
number of protozoa in the ameba group inhabit human gastrointestinal tract but are not believed to cause significant disease and are often referred to as the nonpathogenic amebas. These include Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba hartmanni, Entamoeba polecki, Entamoeba gingivalis, Endolimax nana, and Iodamoeba butschli
Dibothriocephalus latus is a pseudophyllidea cestode called chinese tapeworm have 2 suckers within scolex. it has 2 intermediate hosts first is the copepod and the second is fish before mammalian ( dog, cat, bear, human.. etc.) will eat it to become an adult tapeworm.
Morphology, Life cycle, Clinical manifestations and laboratory diagnosis of E. histolytica from Clinical and Microbiological point of view for UG and PG Students.
The topic is highly useful for MBBS students.
Trichinella is a neamtode, The disease is called as Trichinellosis/Trichinosis. This topic will be explaining about Morphology of Trichinella, mode of transmission, life cycle ,clinical features, lab diagnosis, treatment and its prevention.
Non-pathogenic Amoeba. protozoa in the ameba group inhabit human gastrointes...osmanolow
number of protozoa in the ameba group inhabit human gastrointestinal tract but are not believed to cause significant disease and are often referred to as the nonpathogenic amebas. These include Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba hartmanni, Entamoeba polecki, Entamoeba gingivalis, Endolimax nana, and Iodamoeba butschli
Medical Parasitology
Life cycle, Medical menifestation, signs, Diagnosis and Prevention.
Trypanosoma brucei brucei
Chagas disease
visceral leishmaniasis
Entamoeba histolytica. Medical parasitology pptxosmanolow
Medical parasitology traditionally has included the study of three major groups of animals: parasitic protozoa, parasitic helminths (worms), and those arthropods that directly cause disease or act as vectors of various pathogens. A parasite is a pathogen that simultaneously injures and derives sustenance from its hos
Modelling the Risk of Illegal Forest Activity and its Distribution in the Sou...Veronica B
A study by Jhun Barit, Kwanghun Choi, and Dongwook Ko. This study discusses the threats to SMMR and how the data gathered by forest rangers can be utilized for much more effective patrolling of the area.
This is a PPT presentation that cover the general description, morphology, characteristics, and feeding habits of Order Siphonaptera. This presentation includes the first three classifications.
A presentation about Arthropods, its general morphology, life cycle, and habitat. This presentation also covers the first three subphyla which are Trilobitomorpha, Chelicerata, and Crustacea. The role of arthropods in disease transmission is also covered in the slides.
A short presentation about the Visual Arts that discusses the meaning of visual arts, the types, philosophical perspective, its subject, sources, and levels of meaning. This presentation was created for the subject Humanities: Art Appreciation.
A presentation for Marine Biology about Estuaries which includes its origin, classifications, types, physical characteristics, ecosystems, and human impact. Examples of estuaries are also included in this presentation.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
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THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
2. Entamoeba
hartmanni
• Entamoeba hartmanni is a non-pathogenic
amoeba with worldwide distribution. Its life
cycle is similar to that of E. histolytica but it
does not have an invasive stage and does
not ingest red blood cells
3. Trophozoites
• Measures a mere 8 to 12μm, with a size range of
5 to 15μm.
• Finger-shaped pseudopods exhibiting
nonprogressive motility are standard.
• Contain one nucleus.
• Peripheral chromatin is usually present.
4. Cysts
• Range in size from 5 to 12μm,
with an average size of 7 to 9μm.
• The spherical cysts may have
one, two, three, or four nuclei.
5. Life Cycle
• Cysts are typically found in formed stool,
whereas trophozoites are typically found
in diarrheal stool. Intestinal colonization
with nonpathogenic amebae occurs after
ingestion of mature cysts in fecally
contaminated food, water, or fomites.
• Excystation occurs in the small intestine
• and trophozoites are released, which
migrate to the large intestine. The
trophozoites multiply by binary fission
and produce cysts, and both stages are
passed in the feces
8. Treatment
• Although some questions exist
regarding the pathogenicity of E.
hartmanni, it is generally
considered a nonpathogen and
treatment is usually not indicated.