SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Dr. RACHAKONDA SRIKANTH
Assistant Professor of Commerce
ACCOUNTING PROCESS
Accounting process also called as Accounting cycle Accounting
cycle is a process of a complete sequence of accounting
procedures in appropriate order during each accounting period.
Accounting process is a combination of a series of activities that
begin when a transaction takes place and ends with its inclusion in
the financial statements at the end of the accounting period.
1. Identifying and Analyzing Business Transactions
The accounting process starts with identifying and analyzing
business transactions. Only those that pertain to the business entity
are included in the process.
2. Recording in the Journals
A journal is a book in which transactions are recorded at first.
Hence, it is called book of prime entry or original entry.
 Business transactions are recorded in the form of journal entries
by using the double-entry bookkeeping system. Each entry has at
least two accounts (one debited and one credited).
The process of recording transaction in the book journal is called
as “Journalising”.
Transactions are recorded in “chronological order” and as they
occur.
3. Posting into Ledger
It is also known as the principal book of accounts as well as
the book of final entry.
It is a book in which all ledger accounts and related monetary
transactions are posted and maintained in a summarized and
classified form.
It is a permanent record of all transactions.
it helps in the creation of trial balance.
The process of transforming journal entries to Ledger is called
as “Posting”
4. Balance of Accounts
•At the end of every accounting year all the accounts which are
operated in the ledger book are closed, totalled and balanced.
• Balancing of ledgers means finding the difference between
the total of debit side and total of credit side of a particular
account
• total difference should be recorded on the lesser side of an
account.
5. Preparation of Trial Balance
•Trial Balance is a statement in which the balances of all
ledger accounts are assembled into debit and credit columns
• T.B. is a base for the preparation of financial statements
• the objective is to preparation of T.B. is to check the
arithmetical accuracy of the ledger accounts.
•If there is any difference between the totals of debit
columns and credit column , should be transferred
temporarily “ Suspense account”
•It helps to rectify the mistakes or errors.
6. Preparation of Financial statements
•It is the last stage in the accounting cycle
• It includes trading, profit and loss account, and balance
sheet.
• Trading account: It helps in determining the gross profit
or gross loss of a business concern, made strictly out of
trading activities means buying and selling activities. It
considers only direct expenses.
•Profit and Loss account:
•It is opened by recording the gross profit on the credit side or
gross loss on the debit side.
• It records only indirect expenses and indirect incomes
•It finds Net Profit or Net Loss of a business enterprise
•Both trading and profit and loss accounts shows operational
performance of business
•Balance Sheet:
•It is a statement and shows the financial position of a business
•It shows business's net worth at the end
• Assets = Liabilities + Equity
Accounting process

More Related Content

What's hot

Financial accounting Meaning . This is useful for, BCOM,MCOM,CA,CS,CMA STUDENTS
Financial accounting Meaning . This is useful for, BCOM,MCOM,CA,CS,CMA STUDENTSFinancial accounting Meaning . This is useful for, BCOM,MCOM,CA,CS,CMA STUDENTS
Financial accounting Meaning . This is useful for, BCOM,MCOM,CA,CS,CMA STUDENTS
Bibek Prajapati
 
3. journal entries
3. journal entries3. journal entries
3. journal entries03135074749
 
Financial accounting
Financial accountingFinancial accounting
Financial accounting
Reba Das
 
Accounting and financial management
Accounting and financial managementAccounting and financial management
Accounting and financial management
Anil Kumar
 
Accounting basics
Accounting basicsAccounting basics
Accounting basics
RITESH KUMAR SINGH
 
journal and ledger
journal and ledgerjournal and ledger
journal and ledger
Mehul Bansal
 
Main Advantages of Accounting
Main Advantages of AccountingMain Advantages of Accounting
Main Advantages of Accounting
Christine Ross Hooksett New Hampshire
 
Basics of accounting
Basics of accountingBasics of accounting
Basics of accounting
srajpatnaik
 
Basic accounting ppt
Basic accounting pptBasic accounting ppt
Basic accounting ppt
Preet Gill
 
Presentation of subsidiary books
Presentation of subsidiary booksPresentation of subsidiary books
Presentation of subsidiary booksGagan Deep
 
Journal and Ledger
Journal and Ledger Journal and Ledger
Journal and Ledger
Afzalur Rahman
 
Topic 3 Double entry book keeping
Topic 3 Double entry book keepingTopic 3 Double entry book keeping
Topic 3 Double entry book keeping
Srinivas Methuku
 
Book-keeping
Book-keepingBook-keeping
Book-keeping
jackysethia
 
| Accounting Cycle | Double Entry Accounting | Basic Accounting Equation | 8 ...
| Accounting Cycle | Double Entry Accounting | Basic Accounting Equation | 8 ...| Accounting Cycle | Double Entry Accounting | Basic Accounting Equation | 8 ...
| Accounting Cycle | Double Entry Accounting | Basic Accounting Equation | 8 ...
Ahmad Hassan
 
accounting process
accounting processaccounting process
accounting process
Manish Tiwari
 
1 ledger posting
1 ledger posting1 ledger posting
1 ledger posting
Itisha Sharma
 
Bookkeeping and accountancy 2
Bookkeeping and accountancy 2Bookkeeping and accountancy 2
Bookkeeping and accountancy 2kompal2309
 
Topic 1 introduction of book keeping and accountancy
Topic 1 introduction of book keeping and accountancyTopic 1 introduction of book keeping and accountancy
Topic 1 introduction of book keeping and accountancy
Srinivas Methuku
 
Journal Entries
Journal EntriesJournal Entries
Journal Entries
Josephin Remitha M
 
Accounting cycle
Accounting cycleAccounting cycle
Accounting cycle
Kulbeer Bumrah
 

What's hot (20)

Financial accounting Meaning . This is useful for, BCOM,MCOM,CA,CS,CMA STUDENTS
Financial accounting Meaning . This is useful for, BCOM,MCOM,CA,CS,CMA STUDENTSFinancial accounting Meaning . This is useful for, BCOM,MCOM,CA,CS,CMA STUDENTS
Financial accounting Meaning . This is useful for, BCOM,MCOM,CA,CS,CMA STUDENTS
 
3. journal entries
3. journal entries3. journal entries
3. journal entries
 
Financial accounting
Financial accountingFinancial accounting
Financial accounting
 
Accounting and financial management
Accounting and financial managementAccounting and financial management
Accounting and financial management
 
Accounting basics
Accounting basicsAccounting basics
Accounting basics
 
journal and ledger
journal and ledgerjournal and ledger
journal and ledger
 
Main Advantages of Accounting
Main Advantages of AccountingMain Advantages of Accounting
Main Advantages of Accounting
 
Basics of accounting
Basics of accountingBasics of accounting
Basics of accounting
 
Basic accounting ppt
Basic accounting pptBasic accounting ppt
Basic accounting ppt
 
Presentation of subsidiary books
Presentation of subsidiary booksPresentation of subsidiary books
Presentation of subsidiary books
 
Journal and Ledger
Journal and Ledger Journal and Ledger
Journal and Ledger
 
Topic 3 Double entry book keeping
Topic 3 Double entry book keepingTopic 3 Double entry book keeping
Topic 3 Double entry book keeping
 
Book-keeping
Book-keepingBook-keeping
Book-keeping
 
| Accounting Cycle | Double Entry Accounting | Basic Accounting Equation | 8 ...
| Accounting Cycle | Double Entry Accounting | Basic Accounting Equation | 8 ...| Accounting Cycle | Double Entry Accounting | Basic Accounting Equation | 8 ...
| Accounting Cycle | Double Entry Accounting | Basic Accounting Equation | 8 ...
 
accounting process
accounting processaccounting process
accounting process
 
1 ledger posting
1 ledger posting1 ledger posting
1 ledger posting
 
Bookkeeping and accountancy 2
Bookkeeping and accountancy 2Bookkeeping and accountancy 2
Bookkeeping and accountancy 2
 
Topic 1 introduction of book keeping and accountancy
Topic 1 introduction of book keeping and accountancyTopic 1 introduction of book keeping and accountancy
Topic 1 introduction of book keeping and accountancy
 
Journal Entries
Journal EntriesJournal Entries
Journal Entries
 
Accounting cycle
Accounting cycleAccounting cycle
Accounting cycle
 

Similar to Accounting process

Basics of Finance and Accounts
Basics of Finance and AccountsBasics of Finance and Accounts
Basics of Finance and Accounts
Dr. Sushil Bansode
 
4. accounting cycle short mba
4. accounting cycle short mba4. accounting cycle short mba
4. accounting cycle short mba
Karan Kukreja
 
BASIC ACCOUNTING
 BASIC ACCOUNTING BASIC ACCOUNTING
BASIC ACCOUNTING
Nitish Kumar
 
3.1. LEDGER & TRAIL BALANCE.pptx
3.1.  LEDGER & TRAIL BALANCE.pptx3.1.  LEDGER & TRAIL BALANCE.pptx
3.1. LEDGER & TRAIL BALANCE.pptx
PoojaGautam89
 
Journal.pptx
Journal.pptxJournal.pptx
Journal.pptx
HiteshGarg79
 
Principals of acounting
Principals of acountingPrincipals of acounting
Principals of acounting
Ashraf DEV
 
LEDGER.pptx
LEDGER.pptxLEDGER.pptx
LEDGER.pptx
HARSHITGARG688173
 
Accounting cycle
Accounting cycleAccounting cycle
Accounting cycle
hydeumb
 
THEORY BASE OF ACCOUNTING.pptx
THEORY BASE OF ACCOUNTING.pptxTHEORY BASE OF ACCOUNTING.pptx
THEORY BASE OF ACCOUNTING.pptx
HARSHITGARG688173
 
Accounting steps of accounting cycle
Accounting steps of accounting cycleAccounting steps of accounting cycle
Accounting steps of accounting cyclesehrish shahid
 
Accounting steps of accounting cycle
Accounting steps of accounting cycleAccounting steps of accounting cycle
Accounting steps of accounting cyclesehrish shahid
 
Accounting cycle- a bird eye view b
Accounting cycle- a bird eye view bAccounting cycle- a bird eye view b
Accounting cycle- a bird eye view b
mounika ramachandruni
 
Accounting!!!!!!!
Accounting!!!!!!!Accounting!!!!!!!
Accounting!!!!!!!
stefanie
 
J.pptx
J.pptxJ.pptx
Accounting and its process.pptx.ita about accounting and it's process and dif...
Accounting and its process.pptx.ita about accounting and it's process and dif...Accounting and its process.pptx.ita about accounting and it's process and dif...
Accounting and its process.pptx.ita about accounting and it's process and dif...
vetnotes1610
 
1 Tally erp 9 tutorial with shortcut keys
1 Tally erp 9 tutorial with shortcut keys1 Tally erp 9 tutorial with shortcut keys
1 Tally erp 9 tutorial with shortcut keys
MD. Monzurul Karim Shanchay
 
Tally erp9.0
Tally erp9.0Tally erp9.0
Tally erp9.0
PULIPATISIVAKUMAR
 
Accounting Basics
Accounting BasicsAccounting Basics
Accounting Basics
Accounts Arabia
 
Accountancy,Business and Management (ABM)
Accountancy,Business and Management (ABM)Accountancy,Business and Management (ABM)
Accountancy,Business and Management (ABM)
Caszel Suello
 
Accountancy, Business and Management
Accountancy, Business and ManagementAccountancy, Business and Management
Accountancy, Business and Management
Caszel Suello
 

Similar to Accounting process (20)

Basics of Finance and Accounts
Basics of Finance and AccountsBasics of Finance and Accounts
Basics of Finance and Accounts
 
4. accounting cycle short mba
4. accounting cycle short mba4. accounting cycle short mba
4. accounting cycle short mba
 
BASIC ACCOUNTING
 BASIC ACCOUNTING BASIC ACCOUNTING
BASIC ACCOUNTING
 
3.1. LEDGER & TRAIL BALANCE.pptx
3.1.  LEDGER & TRAIL BALANCE.pptx3.1.  LEDGER & TRAIL BALANCE.pptx
3.1. LEDGER & TRAIL BALANCE.pptx
 
Journal.pptx
Journal.pptxJournal.pptx
Journal.pptx
 
Principals of acounting
Principals of acountingPrincipals of acounting
Principals of acounting
 
LEDGER.pptx
LEDGER.pptxLEDGER.pptx
LEDGER.pptx
 
Accounting cycle
Accounting cycleAccounting cycle
Accounting cycle
 
THEORY BASE OF ACCOUNTING.pptx
THEORY BASE OF ACCOUNTING.pptxTHEORY BASE OF ACCOUNTING.pptx
THEORY BASE OF ACCOUNTING.pptx
 
Accounting steps of accounting cycle
Accounting steps of accounting cycleAccounting steps of accounting cycle
Accounting steps of accounting cycle
 
Accounting steps of accounting cycle
Accounting steps of accounting cycleAccounting steps of accounting cycle
Accounting steps of accounting cycle
 
Accounting cycle- a bird eye view b
Accounting cycle- a bird eye view bAccounting cycle- a bird eye view b
Accounting cycle- a bird eye view b
 
Accounting!!!!!!!
Accounting!!!!!!!Accounting!!!!!!!
Accounting!!!!!!!
 
J.pptx
J.pptxJ.pptx
J.pptx
 
Accounting and its process.pptx.ita about accounting and it's process and dif...
Accounting and its process.pptx.ita about accounting and it's process and dif...Accounting and its process.pptx.ita about accounting and it's process and dif...
Accounting and its process.pptx.ita about accounting and it's process and dif...
 
1 Tally erp 9 tutorial with shortcut keys
1 Tally erp 9 tutorial with shortcut keys1 Tally erp 9 tutorial with shortcut keys
1 Tally erp 9 tutorial with shortcut keys
 
Tally erp9.0
Tally erp9.0Tally erp9.0
Tally erp9.0
 
Accounting Basics
Accounting BasicsAccounting Basics
Accounting Basics
 
Accountancy,Business and Management (ABM)
Accountancy,Business and Management (ABM)Accountancy,Business and Management (ABM)
Accountancy,Business and Management (ABM)
 
Accountancy, Business and Management
Accountancy, Business and ManagementAccountancy, Business and Management
Accountancy, Business and Management
 

Recently uploaded

Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Ashokrao Mane college of Pharmacy Peth-Vadgaon
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
EverAndrsGuerraGuerr
 
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
Vivekanand Anglo Vedic Academy
 
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfThe Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
kaushalkr1407
 
The Accursed House by Émile Gaboriau.pptx
The Accursed House by Émile Gaboriau.pptxThe Accursed House by Émile Gaboriau.pptx
The Accursed House by Émile Gaboriau.pptx
DhatriParmar
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
Special education needs
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
SACHIN R KONDAGURI
 
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Peter Windle
 
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and ResearchDigital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Vikramjit Singh
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Tamralipta Mahavidyalaya
 
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfWelcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
TechSoup
 
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
beazzy04
 
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdfLapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Jean Carlos Nunes Paixão
 
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideasThe geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
GeoBlogs
 
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
JosvitaDsouza2
 
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
Acetabularia Information For Class 9  .docxAcetabularia Information For Class 9  .docx
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
vaibhavrinwa19
 
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th SemesterGuidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Atul Kumar Singh
 
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdfCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
camakaiclarkmusic
 
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech RepublicPolish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Anna Sz.
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
 
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
 
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfThe Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
 
The Accursed House by Émile Gaboriau.pptx
The Accursed House by Émile Gaboriau.pptxThe Accursed House by Émile Gaboriau.pptx
The Accursed House by Émile Gaboriau.pptx
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
 
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
 
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and ResearchDigital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
 
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfWelcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
 
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
 
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdfLapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
 
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideasThe geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
 
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
 
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
 
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
Acetabularia Information For Class 9  .docxAcetabularia Information For Class 9  .docx
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
 
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th SemesterGuidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
 
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdfCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
 
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech RepublicPolish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
 

Accounting process

  • 1. Dr. RACHAKONDA SRIKANTH Assistant Professor of Commerce
  • 2. ACCOUNTING PROCESS Accounting process also called as Accounting cycle Accounting cycle is a process of a complete sequence of accounting procedures in appropriate order during each accounting period. Accounting process is a combination of a series of activities that begin when a transaction takes place and ends with its inclusion in the financial statements at the end of the accounting period.
  • 3.
  • 4. 1. Identifying and Analyzing Business Transactions The accounting process starts with identifying and analyzing business transactions. Only those that pertain to the business entity are included in the process.
  • 5. 2. Recording in the Journals A journal is a book in which transactions are recorded at first. Hence, it is called book of prime entry or original entry.  Business transactions are recorded in the form of journal entries by using the double-entry bookkeeping system. Each entry has at least two accounts (one debited and one credited). The process of recording transaction in the book journal is called as “Journalising”. Transactions are recorded in “chronological order” and as they occur.
  • 6. 3. Posting into Ledger It is also known as the principal book of accounts as well as the book of final entry. It is a book in which all ledger accounts and related monetary transactions are posted and maintained in a summarized and classified form. It is a permanent record of all transactions. it helps in the creation of trial balance. The process of transforming journal entries to Ledger is called as “Posting”
  • 7. 4. Balance of Accounts •At the end of every accounting year all the accounts which are operated in the ledger book are closed, totalled and balanced. • Balancing of ledgers means finding the difference between the total of debit side and total of credit side of a particular account • total difference should be recorded on the lesser side of an account.
  • 8. 5. Preparation of Trial Balance •Trial Balance is a statement in which the balances of all ledger accounts are assembled into debit and credit columns • T.B. is a base for the preparation of financial statements • the objective is to preparation of T.B. is to check the arithmetical accuracy of the ledger accounts. •If there is any difference between the totals of debit columns and credit column , should be transferred temporarily “ Suspense account” •It helps to rectify the mistakes or errors.
  • 9. 6. Preparation of Financial statements •It is the last stage in the accounting cycle • It includes trading, profit and loss account, and balance sheet. • Trading account: It helps in determining the gross profit or gross loss of a business concern, made strictly out of trading activities means buying and selling activities. It considers only direct expenses.
  • 10. •Profit and Loss account: •It is opened by recording the gross profit on the credit side or gross loss on the debit side. • It records only indirect expenses and indirect incomes •It finds Net Profit or Net Loss of a business enterprise •Both trading and profit and loss accounts shows operational performance of business •Balance Sheet: •It is a statement and shows the financial position of a business •It shows business's net worth at the end • Assets = Liabilities + Equity