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Accident Prevention .ppsx
Dr. Soumar Dutta discusses various concepts related to patient safety and accident prevention. He defines key terms like incident, accident, unsafe act, and unsafe condition. Accidents can be preventable or unpreventable. The main causes of accidents according to the Heinrich Theory are unsafe acts and unsafe conditions, which account for 98% of accidents. Successful accident prevention requires identifying hazards, estimating risks, eliminating hazards where possible, using engineering controls, education and training, and enforcement of safety policies. Safety equipment alone is not enough - developing a trained, alert, and safe workforce is most important for any disaster prevention program.
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Accident Prevention .ppsx
- 1. Dr Soumar Dutta PatientSafety Officer Narayana Superspeciality Hospital Guwahati
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- 4. What Is AnAccident? 4
- 5. What Is AnAccident? 5
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- 7. Incident – Anincident is an undesirable occurrence that could, but usually does not, result in a loss. Unsafe Act – Any act on the part of a person which increased his or her chances of having an accident Unsafe Condition – A condition within the working environment which increases the worker’s chances of having an accident, or which may cause impairment of health. Hazard – Any arrangement, equipment, material, object, condition, method or procedure capable of causing bodily harm or impairment of health or both. 7
- 8. Preventable Accident An accidentthat occurred as a result of an act or failure to act on the part of an employee or the management or both. Accident – An accident is an unplanned, unforeseen and undesirable occurrence which interrupts a normal activity, and which results in either an injury, loss of life, damage to material, equipment or facility or any combination of these. Unpreventable Accident An accident which no act whatsoever on the part of the employee could have prevented the injury or damages to vehicle, equipment or property. 8
- 9. What is themain cause of accidents? 9
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- 13. Heinrich Theory Of AccidentCausation 1 Social Environment 2 Fault of the person 3 Unsafe Action / Unsafe Condition 4 Accident 5 Injury Accident is the result of completion of 5 dominos 13
- 14. Heinrich Theory OfAccident Causation Domino no-3 i.e Unsafe Acts & Unsafe conditions are the main contributory factor for accident causation. It indicates that 98% of accidents can be prevented Unsafe Act 88% Others 2% Unsafe Condition 10% 14
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- 17. Accidents, ill healthand incidents are seldom inevitable random events. They generally arise from failures in control and often have multiple causes. Although the immediate cause of an event may be a human or technical failure, such events usually arise from organizational failings which are the responsibility of management. Successful safety policies place heavy emphasis on achieving effective control over both people and technology. They aim to exploit the strengths of employees while minimizing the influence of human limitations. 17
- 18. Successful accident preventionrequires a minimum of four fundamental activities A study of all working areas to detect and eliminate or control physical hazards which contribute to accidents. A study of all operating methods and practices. Education, instruction, training and discipline to minimize human factors which contribute to accidents. Thorough investigations of accidents to determine contributing circumstances. 18
- 19. Techniques of accidentprevention Accident prevention is relatively simple 19
- 20. PROaction versus REaction “Well,that’s an accident waiting to happen…” “Someone ought to do something…” That someone is YOU! 20
- 21. Identify the Hazard Physical •Noise • Vibration • Radiation • Temperature • Pressure,Velocity,H eight • Electricity • Physical Characterstics Chemical • Explosives • Flammable liquids • Corrosives • Oxidizing materials • Toxic,carcinogenic substance • Gases& air particles Biological • Biological waste • Drugs • Viruses,bacteria • Parasite,insects • Poisonous or diseased plants,animal Ergonomics • Physical • Environmental • Psycho social Physical • Poor work, task design • Repetitive motion • Prolonged sitting • Poor layout • Poor posture • Improper lifting and handling Environmental • Poor lighting,glare • Poor ventilation • Poor temperature control • Poor humidity control Psycho-social • Work rest cycles • Violence, discrimination • Extraneous stress • Uneven workload • Lack of personnel space • Poor inter-staff relationships 21
- 22. Estimate the hazard:Risk estimation •A measure of the probability and severity of a hazard to harm human health, property, or the environment •A measure of how likely harm is to occur and an indication of how serious the harm might be Risk 0 22
- 23. Examples of hazardsand their effects at workplace 23
- 24. Eliminate the Hazardcompletely 24
- 25. Hazard Control: EngineeringControls Hazards exist in every workplace in many different forms. Engineering controls are anything that is built or installed to separate people from chemical, biological or physical hazards, and can include fume hoods, biosafety cabinets, glove boxes, and blast protectors. Engineering controls involve a physical change to the workplace itself, rather than relying on workers' behavior or requiring workers to wear protective clothing. 25
- 26. Hazard Control: EngineeringControls Physical • Noise • Vibration • Radiation • Temperature • Pressure,Velocity,H eight • Electricity • Physical Characterstics Chemical • Explosives • Flammable liquids • Corrosives • Oxidizing materials • Toxic,carcinogenic substance • Gases& air particles Biological • Biological waste • Drugs • Viruses,bacteria • Parasite,insects • Poisonous or diseased plants,animal Ergonomics • Physical • Environmental • Psycho social 26
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- 28. Education and Training 28 Safetyeducation is the most effective tool in the prevention of human causes. • Adequate instruction • Personnel gain useful knowledge • Develop safe attitudes Training is an important accident prevention control; it gives each man a personal safety tool by development in him habits of safe practice and operation.
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- 30. Take home message.............. •Safety Helmet is required but Positive Thoughts are important • Safety Goggles are required but Conscious Vision is important • Safety Hand Gloves are required but Righteous Protective Action is important • Safety Shoes are required but Quick and Safe Steps are important means • Safety Equipments are required but Trained, Alert & Safe Man is more important in any Disaster Prevention programme. 30
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