This document discusses industrial accidents and hazards. It defines an industrial accident as an occurrence in an industrial establishment that causes bodily injury, making a worker unfit for duties for at least 48 hours. Industrial accidents are classified by severity, from first aid accidents to fatal accidents. Causes of accidents include unsafe conditions, unsafe acts, plant equipment, environment, people, and work systems. The document also covers hazard identification, control techniques like elimination and engineering controls, and the importance of accident prevention through education, enforcement and engineering approaches.

1. Industrial Accidents &
Hazards
ASHISH DIGGI 12109016
DEVENDRA KUMAR MEENA 12109020
MAHENDRA PRATAP TOMAR 12109042
MURRI MADHUSUDHAN RAO 12109049
NAVEEN PASWAN 12109051

2. WHAT IS AN ACCIDENT ???
“An accident is an
unplanned & uncontrolled
event which causes or is likely
to cause an injury”

3. WHAT IS AN INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT
???
• According to Factory Act of 1948 it is define as “An
occurrence in industrial establishment causing bodily
injury to a person which makes him unfit to resume his
duties in the next 48 hours”.
• For instance, In an organization a person / labour while
working receiving an electric current, a labour cut his
finger from machine, blast in chemical industry because
of various reasons, fired in textile section etc..
• These are all the example of industrial accidents.

4. TYPES OF ACCIDENTS
FIRST AID ACCIDENTS
Here these worker
receives first aid at plant
hospital and then return
to the job.
LOST TIME ACCIDENTS
Here worker loses a day
or shift in which accidents
occur. Compensation is
given to the employee
by employer for the
severity of accident.
HOME CASE ACCIDENTS
Worker loses remainder of
shifts or turn on which the
accidents has occurred
1- ACCORDING TO LENGTH OF RECOVERY

5. 2. ACCORDING TO THE NATURE OF
INJURY
FATAL ACCDIENTS
It includes the accidents
that could result in the
death of the injured
worker.
TEMPORARY
DISABLEMENT
Accident that reduces
the earning capacity of
an employee when he
engaged in the injury.
PERMANENT DISABLEMENT
An accident that reduces
completely reduces the
earning capacity of an
employee…..!!!!

6. 3. According to causes of event
Machine Accidents
 Contact
 Impact
 Trap
 Ejection of particles
Non Machine Accidents
 Tripping over obstacles on ground
 Slipping due to oil and greases
 Running inside the shop
 Leaning from ladder to reach the
object

7. NATURE/ EFFECTS
OF ACCIDENTS
THE NATURE OF ACCIDENTS MAY VARY FROM
INDUSTRY TO INDUSTRY. AN EMPLOYEE MAY FALL
FROM HEIGHT WHILE ENGAGE IN PARTICULAR
JOB, OR MAY BE CAUGHT ON MACHINE WHILE
WORKING & INJURE EMPLOYEE. THESE RESULTS IN
DISABLEMENT OR DEATH.
DISABLEMENT
I -INJURY
D-DAMAGE
L –LOSE
E -EMOTION
Permanent
Temporary
Disablity ,Pain Suffering
To Equipment, Buildings , etc
of life ,output ,time, profit , etc
Following Injury, Death, Pain

8. CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
Accident do not have any single cause. These are the result of combination
of factors which may vary from situation to situation.
It is possible to classify accident causes under the headings:-
P
E
E
P
S
Plant, eg; A faulty layout, electrical and chemical hazard etc
Equipment, eg; a defective guard ,incorrect equipment.
Enviornment, eg; High noise, insufficient light and
ventilationPeople, eg; Careless ,untrained, overstressed.
Systems of work, eg; Poor procedure , Bad
housekeeping.

9. CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
Unsafe condition
 Improperly guarded equipment
 Inadequate warning system
 Poor Ventilation system
 Fire and Explosive hazard
 Improper plant layout
 Congestion of workplace
 Hazardous atmospheric conditions
 Poor Housekeeping
 Excessive noise and Radiation explosure
Unsafe act
 Operating equipment at improper speed
 Operating equipment without authority
 Using equipment improperly
 Engaging with gambling
 Use of alcohols by employees
 Improper loading and placement of
equipment
 Improper lifting and taking improper position
 Using Defective equipment
 Throwing Material on the floor which leads to
obstacle

10. TYPES OF ACCIDENT COST
Direct Cost
 Medical Expenses
 Cost involved in damage of
equipment
 Cost involved based on raw material
 Compensation paid to injured person
Indirect Cost
 Lost time of injured person
 Lost time of other employees
 Cost due to loss of profit on the injured
worker
 Cost of time spent by First Aid
attendant and hospital staff
 Lost time of Foreman, Supervisor&
other executive

11. Accident Prevention
Accident prevention may be define as “an integrated program , a series of coordinated
activities, directed to the control unsafe personal performance and unsafe mechanical
condition”
It depends on three E’s
Three
E’s
Education: Employees should be educated in safe
procedures
Enforcement: Safety rules should be properly enforced
Engineering: Job to be engineered for safety

12. Steps in Accident Prevention
1.Monitoring
2.Collection of
data 3.Analyzing Data

13. Steps in Accident Prevention
4. Select Remedy 5.Apply the Remedy

14. Industrial
Hazards
“AN HAZARD IS ANY PRACTICE, BEHAVIOUR OR CONDITION OR
COMBINATION OF THESE THAT CAN CAUSE INJURY OR ILLNESS TO
PEOPLE OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY”
HAZARDS + EXPOSURE ACCIDENTS
It affects
:
People
Property
Processes

15. Classification of Industrial Hazards
Dealing with safety
 Material handling hazard
 Machine hazard
 Energy hazard
 Work practice hazard
 Confined space hazards
Dealing with health
 Physical hazard
 Chemical hazard
 Bio-logical Hazard
 Work design hazard (Ergonomics)
 Stress & Psychological hazard

16. Hazard Identification Techniques
 Past accident analysis : Keeping a record of accident helps in indentifying
hazards based upon past experiences
 Safety survey or study : It is a detailed examination in narrow field to
activity relating to industrial safety.
 Safety audit :It is a detailed examination which covers a plant entirely. It is
carried out thoroughly by a team of experts in various field.
 Fault tree analysis : FTA is a deductive analysis approach for resolving an
undesired event into its causes.
 Job hazard analysis(JHA): It is a technique that focuses on job tasks as a
way to identify hazard before they occur.

17. Hazard Control Techniques
1. Elimination: Removing the hazardous work practice from the workplace.
This is the most effective control measure. The best way to eliminate the
risk is to completely remove the hazard.
2. Substitution: Substitute the plant or hazardous aspects of plant with safer
option, such as replacing padestial fan with ceiling fan.
3. Isolation: Isolating or separating hazardous work practice from people
involved in work. For eg. Placing an air conditioning plant on roof.
4. Engineering control: If the hazard cannot be eliminated, substituted or
isolated then engineering control is next preferred method.

18. Hazard Control Techniques
4. Administration control: includes introducing work practices that reduces
risk. Safe work practices should be used at all times to minimize exposure to a
hazard and hence minimize the risk. For eg. Sign boards indicating hazards
5. Personal protective equipment (PPE): Should be consider only when other
control measures are not practicable.

19. Accident Report
Form

20. Thank You!!!