It is estimated that more than 80,000 of total plant species have been identified and used as medicinal plants around the world. Among these plants 600-900 species are considered by various experts to be medicinal plants in Bangladesh. Among these Abroma augusta is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family stercluaceace, having a lot of pharmacological properties and are extensively used to treat various health ailments.

1. Presented by
Mohammad Iqbal Hussain
Department of pharmacy
Jagannath university,Dhaka Bangladesh

2. Content
 Objectives of the study
 Introduction
 Taxonomical classification
 Vernacular names
 Botanical description
 Ayurvedic application
 Ethnopharmacology
 Phytoconstituents
 Pharmacological application
 Toxicity
 Conclusion

3. Objectives of the study
 Collect information on taxonomical classification,
vernacular names, botanical description, ayurvedic
application of Abroma augusta.
 Collect and deliver valuable information on
ethnopharmacology, phytoconstiuents,
pharmacological acitivities and toxicity of Abroma
augusta.

4. Introduction
 It is estimated that more than 80,000 of total plant
species have been identified and used as medicinal
plants around the world. Among these plants 600-900
species are considered by various experts to be
medicinal plants in Bangladesh.
 Among these Abroma augusta is an important
medicinal plant belonging to the family stercluaceace,
having a lot of pharmacological properties and are
extensively used to treat various health ailments.

5. Taxonomical classification
 Kingdom: Plantae
 Division: Tracheophyta
 Class: Magnoliopsida
 Order: Malvales
 Family: Sterculaceace
 Genus: Abroma
 Species: Abroma augusta

6. Vernacular names
Language Name
Bengali Ulatkambal
English Devil’s cotton
Hindi Ulatkambal
Chinese Shuo ma
Malaysia Rami sengat
Philippines Anabo
Thailand Thian dam
French Abrome, abrome royal

7. Botanical description
Abroma augusta is a
large shrubs and small
tree.
Height: 3 to 5 meter
Whole plant

8. Botanical description
Leaves:
Polymorphous
about 10-30 cm.
long and 6-18
cm. broad,
repand-
denticulate,
upper smaller,
narrower, entire.
Leaves

9. Botanical description
Flower
Flower:
5 cm. in
diameter,
purple, dark
red, or yellow
in color.

10. Botanical description
Fruits
Fruits:
capsule,
papery, 5-
winged and
angled,
contains
numerous
seeds

11. Botanical description
Geographical distribuition:
 It is widely distributed (native or cultivated)
throughout the warm area of India such as Uttar
Pradesh, Sikkim, Khasi Hills, Assam and in
Bangladesh throughout the hilly regions of Sylhet.
 It is also found in Java, Philippines, China,
Australia and Africa (Uganda, Democratic
Republic of Congo)

12. Botanical description
Cultivation:
 Grows in open areas. Requires deep, fertile
alluvial soil, good drainage.
 Propagation done from seeds or stem- cutting;
root suckers.
 Seeds germination power is poor, fresh seeds
soaked in water for 15 min at 280c.The optimum
temperature for germination is 320c.
 Sowings are done before the rainy season. The
field should be ploughed properly alone with farm
manure to a fine tilth.

13. Ayurvedic application
 Abroma augusta Linn. f has a long history of
medicinal use in ayurvedic system.
 It is highly possesses in gynecological disorders.
 It regulates the menstrual flow and also used as
abortifacient and anti-fertility agent .

14. Ethnopharmacology
 Chakma community use seeds for neck pain.
 Jhenaigatiupazila in Sherpur district uses root
and bark for the treatment of uterine disorders,
diabetes, rheumatics pains of joints and headache
with sinusitis
 Pahan tribal healer in Dinajpur district use bark
of root and root to treat diabetes and urinary
disorders.
 In Jamalpur Sadar Upazila it is used to induce
regular menstruation, abscess, sexual disease in
men, low sperm count.

15. Ethnopharmacology
 The folk medicinal herbalists of Bhola district
uses bark to treat rise of blood pressure during
night.
 Garo tribal healers of Netrakona district use leaf
juice to treat diabetes and root juice for sexual
disorder.
 The Santal tribe in Rajshahi district uses leaf and
root to treat pain.
 In India, it is used in dysmenorrhea but in
Indonesia it is used as anti-scabies, anti-
dermatitis, anti-inflammatory and analgesic
agents.

16. Phytoconstituents
Plant parts Chemical constituents
Leaves Taraxerol, lupeol and octacosanol.
Root Abromine,betaine, friedelin ,choline,
β –sitosterol and stigmasterol.
Root bark α –Amyrin, masilinic acid, protocatechuic acid,
vanillic acid, caffeic acid.
Stem bark β -sitosterol and friedelin.
Seed Palmitic acid, linoleic acid and stearic acid.
Heart wood β-sitosterol, glycol and octacosane-1, 28-diol.

17. Chemical structure
Abromine Friedlin Choline
β-sitosterol Stigmasterol Masilinic acid

18. Chemical structure
Protocatechuic acidTaraxerol Lupeol
Caffeic acid

19. Pharmacological properties
Antidiabetic activity:
 Methanolic extracts of the leaves Dose of 300 mg/kg
body weight Alloxan (110 mg/kg) induced diabetic rats
Antidiabetic activity.
 Ethanolic extract of the roots Alloxan (100 mg/kg) induced
diabetic rats Exhibit the hypoglycemic effect .
 Aqueous extracts of the Abroma augusta Dose of
(100,200 mg/kg respectively) STZ (65 mg/kg) and STZ
nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) induced diabetic rats
Antidiabetic activity.
 Aqueous extract of the leaves Dose of 2ml/kg body
weight twice daily for a period of 21 days Alloxan
(80mg/ml) induced diabetic rabbit Antidiabetic activity.

20. Pharmacological properties
Antioxidant activity:
 Methanolic extracts of the leaves of Abroma
augusta has potential antioxidant activity with the
IC50 value of 51.9786mg /ml.
Wound healing activity:
 Alcoholic extract of Abroma augusta
Dexamethasone suppressed wound healing in
wistar rats Increase the breaking strength,
dexamethasone suppressed wound healing and
inhibit oxidative damage.

21. Pharmacological properties
Anti-inflammatory activity:
 Methanolic root extract Dose of 200 and 400
mg/kg Significantly reduced the carrageenan
induced rat paw edema.
 Petroleum extracts of the roots Dose of 200
mg/kg Carrageenan induced rat inflammation
Reduced inflammation.
 Due to inhibition of COX and LOX enzymes by the
alkaloids and flavonoids present in extracts.

22. Pharmacological properties
Hypolipidemic activity:
 Methanolic extract of leaves Dose of 400 mg/kg
Adult male Wistar albino rats with high cholesterol
diet Reduction in TC, TG and LDL-c levels and
a rise in HDL-c levels.
Antipyretic and analgesic activity:
 Methanolic extract of leaves, barks and roots
Rats with pyrexia (pyrexia was induced in rats by
intravenous injection of 15% suspension of
Brewer’s yeast) Antipyretic and analgesic
activity.

23. Pharmacological properties
Antifungal activity:
 n-hexane extract of the seeds Tested against
Trichophyton schoenleinii, Pseudallescheria boydii,
Microsporum canis, Trichophyton simii , Candida albicans,
Aspergilus niger , Fusarium solani var. lycopersici,
Macrophomina phaseolina Effective against
Trichophyton schoenleinii and Microsporum canis.
 Acetone extracts of leaves Tested on Aspergillus flavus,
Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigates,
Rizopus oryzae Effictive antifungal activity.

24. Pharmacological properties
Antibacterial activity:
 Seed oil of Abroma augusta Tested on Corynebacterium
diphtheria, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus
morganni, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi,
Shigella boydii and Staphylococcus aureus Significant
antibacterial activity.
 Acetone extract of leaves Tested against three gram-
positive (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and
Staphylococcus aureus)and four gram-negative (Escherichia
coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei and Salmonella typhi)
bacteria Significant antibacterial activity.

25. Pharmacological properties
Thrombolytic activity:
 Methanolic extracts of leaves Treatment of clots
with 100 µl of extracts 50.1% clot lysis.
Insecticidal activity:
 Chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaves,
root wood, stem bark, stem wood and seeds
Tested against Tribolium castaneum(Red flour
beetle) showed insecticidal activity.

26. Pharmacological properties
Gynecological disturbance:
 Ethanolic extraction of leaves and stems used in
menstrual disorders, leucorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea,
amenorrhorea and sterility.
 Powdered roots act as an abortifacient and anti-
fertiliy agent.
 Petroleum-ether extract of the roots, at a dose of
50mg/kg body wt, showed anti-implantation as
well as abortifacient action in mice.
 Aqueous extract of the roots showed oxytocic
action.

27. Pharmacological properties
Cytotoxic activity:
 In cytotoxicity assay with brine shrimp nauplii, the
LC50 value of the acetone extract of leaves of the
plant was 7.06µg/ml.
 Ethanolic and petroleum ether extracts of Abroma
augusta show considerable cytotoxic effect with
LC50 value of 380.875 µg/ml and 307.458 µg/ml
respectively.

28. Toxicity studies
Phyto toxicity:
 Seed oil extracted by the n- hexane from seeds Tested
against the Lemna aequinoctialis Welv. Oil posses
remarkable phytotoxic activity and inhibit the growth of plant
by 82.35% at a concentration of 500 µg/ ml.
Animal toxicity:
 Methanolic extracts of Abroma augusta leaves, barks and
roots did not show any sign of toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg body
weight in male or female rats and hence it was considered to
be safe.

29. Conclusion:
Abroma augusta Linn f. preparation are widely available
in open areas of nature and employed by the practitioners
of natural health for treatment of infection, pain, wound
healing, diabetes, dysmenorrhoea, amenorrhoea, sterility,
gonorrhea, sinusitis and used as a uterine tonic. Though
Abroma augusta has medicinal activity but it is time to
explore its medicinal value at molecular level with the help
of various techniques.