About HVAC Design - Brief Explain
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Hvac psychrometry and concepts
This document provides an overview of concepts related to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) design. It begins with definitions of key terms like thermal load and psychrometry. It then discusses outdoor and indoor design conditions, principles of cooling load, and components of heating and cooling load. Specific topics covered include psychrometric processes, properties of air like temperature and humidity, and factors that affect human comfort like air movement and clothing. Methods of heat transfer and concepts like thermal conductivity and U-values are also summarized. Finally, it briefly outlines principles of air cooling and different types of air conditioners.
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The document discusses the science of psychrometry, which deals with air-water vapor mixtures. It defines key psychrometric properties like dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point, relative humidity, and specific humidity. It also explains various psychrometric processes like sensible heating and cooling, humidification, dehumidification, and adiabatic mixing. The psychrometric chart is introduced as a tool for analyzing these processes. Finally, the document discusses factors that affect human thermal comfort like air temperature, humidity, and heat transfer methods in buildings.
Psychrometrics
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The document discusses environmental factors that affect human comfort, including air temperature, relative humidity, air movement, surface temperatures, air quality, lighting, acoustics, and security. It specifically focuses on air temperature, relative humidity, and their combined effects as depicted on a psychrometric chart. The psychrometric chart shows the conditions needed for condensation and how indoor conditions would change with cooling or heating of indoor air without adding or removing moisture.
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This document provides an overview of psychrometry and the psychrometric chart. It defines key terms like dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, humidity ratio, enthalpy and others. It explains common HVAC processes that can be analyzed using the psychrometric chart, such as sensible cooling/heating, humidification, dehumidification. The document also provides examples of using the psychrometric chart to analyze real HVAC processes and case studies. Mastering the psychrometric chart and properties of moist air is essential for properly designing and troubleshooting HVAC systems.
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This document discusses psychrometry, which is the study of atmospheric air and its associated water vapor. It defines key terms like dew point temperature, dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, humidity ratio, and different types of humidity. It also explains the psychrometric chart, which graphically presents the physical and thermal properties of moist air. Key properties discussed include dew point, dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, saturation line, and relative humidity.
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Hvac psychrometry and concepts
This document provides an overview of concepts related to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) design. It begins with definitions of key terms like thermal load and psychrometry. It then discusses outdoor and indoor design conditions, principles of cooling load, and components of heating and cooling load. Specific topics covered include psychrometric processes, properties of air like temperature and humidity, and factors that affect human comfort like air movement and clothing. Methods of heat transfer and concepts like thermal conductivity and U-values are also summarized. Finally, it briefly outlines principles of air cooling and different types of air conditioners.
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The document discusses the science of psychrometry, which deals with air-water vapor mixtures. It defines key psychrometric properties like dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point, relative humidity, and specific humidity. It also explains various psychrometric processes like sensible heating and cooling, humidification, dehumidification, and adiabatic mixing. The psychrometric chart is introduced as a tool for analyzing these processes. Finally, the document discusses factors that affect human thermal comfort like air temperature, humidity, and heat transfer methods in buildings.
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The document discusses psychrometrics and its importance in air conditioning design. It defines key psychrometric concepts like dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, saturation line, relative humidity, specific volume, enthalpy, and the comfort zone. These concepts are important for understanding heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification processes depicted on a psychrometric chart. The document also discusses climate classification and references additional resources on psychrometrics.
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The document discusses environmental factors that affect human comfort, including air temperature, relative humidity, air movement, surface temperatures, air quality, lighting, acoustics, and security. It specifically focuses on air temperature, relative humidity, and their combined effects as depicted on a psychrometric chart. The psychrometric chart shows the conditions needed for condensation and how indoor conditions would change with cooling or heating of indoor air without adding or removing moisture.
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29629597 psychrometric-course
This document provides an overview of psychrometry and the psychrometric chart. It defines key terms like dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, humidity ratio, enthalpy and others. It explains common HVAC processes that can be analyzed using the psychrometric chart, such as sensible cooling/heating, humidification, dehumidification. The document also provides examples of using the psychrometric chart to analyze real HVAC processes and case studies. Mastering the psychrometric chart and properties of moist air is essential for properly designing and troubleshooting HVAC systems.
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This document discusses psychrometry, which is the study of atmospheric air and its associated water vapor. It defines key terms like dew point temperature, dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, humidity ratio, and different types of humidity. It also explains the psychrometric chart, which graphically presents the physical and thermal properties of moist air. Key properties discussed include dew point, dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, saturation line, and relative humidity.
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This document discusses psychrometry and air conditioning. It begins by defining dry air and atmospheric air, and the specific and relative humidity of air. It then discusses dew point temperature and how to calculate it. The document introduces the psychrometric chart as a tool to determine air properties and outlines several air conditioning processes like heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification. Key concepts like wet bulb temperature, adiabatic saturation and human comfort are also summarized. Specific air conditioning applications such as evaporative cooling, mixing of air streams and cooling towers are briefly described.
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1. The document discusses various psychrometric processes including sensible cooling and heating of air, humidification, dehumidification, cooling and humidification, and heating and humidification.
2. Sensible cooling involves reducing the dry bulb temperature of air without changing its moisture content, represented as a horizontal line moving left on a psychrometric chart. Sensible heating is the opposite.
3. Cooling and humidification reduces dry bulb temperature while increasing moisture content, shown as an angled line moving up and left. Heating and humidification increases both temperature and moisture.
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This document discusses air conditioning systems. It defines air conditioning as controlling the temperature, humidity, purity and distribution of air in an enclosed space. It notes that for human comfort, air temperature should be between 22-27°C and relative humidity between 55-65%. The document describes the key components and processes of winter and summer air conditioning systems. Winter systems heat and humidify air while summer systems cool and dehumidify air. The document also discusses applications of air conditioning and classifications of systems based on the conditioning processes required.
Presentation
Gourav Tiwari's presentation introduces psychrometry, the science of air-water vapor mixtures. It discusses key psychrometric properties like dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, and dew point. It also covers psychrometric processes such as sensible heating and cooling, which change temperature along constant humidity lines; and dehumidification and humidification, which change moisture content. The presentation aims to explain these concepts using a psychrometric chart to illustrate different psychrometric processes and how they affect air temperature and moisture levels.
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Psychrometry is the study of air-water vapor mixtures. It examines properties like dew point temperature, relative humidity, and dry/wet bulb temperatures. Key psychrometric processes include sensible heating/cooling which changes temperature without altering moisture content, and dehumidification/humidification which remove or add moisture through heat transfer. Adiabatic cooling involves evaporative cooling without heat loss, while adiabatic mixing describes combining air streams without a net heat change. Psychrometric charts graphically depict these processes and climate zones.
Psychrometric chart, How to read
Dew point, Humidity, Dry Bulb temperature, Locate a point on the chart. Enthalpy changes. Tips and tricks for the psychrometric chart.
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Psychrometry is the study of air and water vapor mixtures, specifically their physical and thermal properties. It describes seven key characteristics: dry bulb temperature, humidity ratio, relative humidity, enthalpy, dew point temperature, wet bulb temperature, and specific volume. Evaporative cooling works by maximizing contact between added moisture and air, causing the air temperature to decrease as water evaporates. This principle applies even in humid conditions since hotter air can hold more water vapor. Knowing two of the seven psychrometric variables allows determining the others using a psychrometric chart.
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Refrigeration involves removing heat from one substance and transferring it to another. Heat naturally flows from hot to cold substances. Refrigerants are substances that absorb and transfer heat through a phase change process. Common refrigerants include pure ice, dry ice, and chemical refrigerants like R-22, each of which absorbs heat and changes phase at different fixed temperatures, allowing them to be used for cooling below the melting point of ice. Understanding the phase change properties of refrigerants is important for efficient refrigeration.
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This document discusses refrigeration and air conditioning. It describes how refrigeration cools products or spaces below the surrounding temperature, while air conditioning controls temperature, moisture, cleanliness, odor, and air circulation for occupants or processes. Common applications are listed such as room air conditioners, refrigerators, evaporative coolers, and commercial refrigeration/air conditioning. The document then focuses on evaporative cooling systems, automotive air conditioners, refrigerants used, and criteria for selecting refrigerants including thermodynamic properties, environmental impact, and safety.
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This document discusses psychrometrics and air conditioning load estimation. It covers topics like:
- The composition of air and properties of moist air like humidity ratio, enthalpy, specific volume.
- Psychrometric chart which graphically represents thermodynamic properties of moist air.
- Basic psychrometric processes like sensible heating/cooling, humidification, dehumidification.
- Methods to achieve these processes like air washers, evaporative cooling, steam injection.
- Factors affecting human comfort and the use of comfort charts.
- Estimating cooling loads for air conditioning systems.
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This document discusses various instruments used to measure meteorological elements like temperature, humidity, and wind speed. It describes:
1. Thermometers like mercury, alcohol, maximum, minimum, kata, and globe thermometers which are used to measure air temperature, maximum/minimum temperatures reached, cooling power of air, mean radiant heat.
2. Instruments like the sling and Assmann psychrometers which use wet and dry bulb thermometers to measure relative humidity by comparing the temperature difference between a wet and dry bulb.
3. The kata thermometer procedure which involves suspending wet and dry thermometer bulbs in air to measure cooling power and thermal comfort.
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psychrometrics
Willis Carrier, a young engineer working for Buffalo Forge Company, had a flash of genius while waiting for a train one night. He realized the relationship between temperature, humidity, and dew point, laying the foundations for the field of psychrometry - the study of air and water vapor mixtures. This insight led Carrier to invent the first modern air conditioning system. He is now known as the father of air conditioning.
Properties of air water mixtures
A psychrometric chart graphically represents psychrometric processes of air. It can be used to plot multiple data points representing air conditions at a time and identify the comfort zone where occupants are satisfied. The chart contains lines for dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, and relative humidity. A psychrometric chart can evaluate systems like air heating, cooling towers, evaporative condensers, and evaporative cooling and analyze energy usage in dryers.
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The document discusses the psychrometric chart and various psychrometric processes involving moist air. It begins by identifying parts of the psychrometric chart and explaining how it can be used to determine moist air properties and analyze processes involving moist air. Several examples are then provided to illustrate key psychrometric processes including sensible heating/cooling, heating and humidifying, cooling and dehumidifying, adiabatic or evaporative cooling, and adiabatic mixing of moist air streams. Step-by-step workings are shown for each example to determine various moist air properties and mass transfer rates.
2. psychrometric chart
The document discusses psychrometric charts and their use in analyzing air conditioning processes and calculating air properties. It provides an example problem of calculating properties for an air sample with a dry bulb temperature of 40°C and wet bulb temperature of 28°C. It also discusses sensible and latent heating/cooling, mixing of air streams, and includes sample problems calculating psychrometric properties and air conditioning system design values.
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it is informative to study to even get passing marks or for revision
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This document discusses humidification and different types of humidifiers used during mechanical ventilation. It begins with objectives to describe normal airway heat and moisture exchange, the effects of dry gases, and indications for humidification. It then defines humidity and absolute versus relative humidity. The main types of humidifiers covered are bubble, passover, and heated humidifiers. Important points are made about maintaining water levels, discarding condensation, and replacing humidifiers every 24 hours to prevent bacterial growth. References are provided at the end.
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This document summarizes key concepts in refrigeration cycles. It defines refrigeration as reducing the temperature below the surroundings and notes that refrigerants, like NH3, are used as working fluids. It explains that the refrigerating effect is the energy removed from the cold chamber and that the coefficient of performance is the ratio of heat removed to work input. The document also discusses refrigerator capacity as the amount of heat transferred per unit time from the cold chamber. It provides an overview of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle and notes modifications to improve efficiency, such as replacing the expansion engine with a throttling valve.
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This document provides an overview of psychrometrics and air conditioning load estimation. It defines key psychrometric concepts such as dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, humidity ratio, enthalpy, and introduces the psychrometric chart. It describes basic psychrometric processes including sensible heating and cooling, humidification, and dehumidification. It also discusses human comfort factors, the comfort chart, and an introduction to cooling load estimation.
Psychrometry
The document defines key terms related to psychrometrics, which is the science of moist air properties and processes. It explains that atmospheric air contains a mixture of gases including nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor. Moist air contains both air and water vapor, while saturated air contains the maximum possible amount of water vapor. Other terms defined include humidity, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, vapor pressure, specific humidity, dew point temperature, and enthalpy. The document concludes by explaining that a psychrometric chart graphically represents various psychrometric properties and processes on a single plot.
Refrigeration cycle
The document summarizes the basic vapor compression refrigeration cycle. It consists of four main processes: (1) compression of refrigerant vapor in a compressor, (2) condensation of the high-pressure vapor into a liquid in a condenser, (3) expansion of the high-pressure liquid through a throttling valve or expansion device, and (4) evaporation of the low-pressure liquid in an evaporator. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the evaporator and releases heat in the condenser, allowing for transfer of heat from low to high temperature regions. The coefficient of performance (COP) measures the efficiency of the cycle. Proper selection of refrigerant depends on the application.
Refrigeration cycle
The document summarizes the refrigeration cycle. It describes the four basic processes: (1) isentropic compression in the compressor, (2) constant pressure heat rejection in the condenser, (3) isentropic expansion in the expansion valve/metering device, and (4) constant pressure heat addition in the evaporator. The refrigerant is compressed in the vapor phase, condensed, expanded, and evaporated alternately to provide cooling. Key components are the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. The coefficient of performance (COP) measures efficiency as the cooling effect divided by the work input. Selecting the right refrigerant depends on the application and factors like cost, toxicity, and environmental impact
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Psychrometric processes
1. The document discusses various psychrometric processes including sensible cooling and heating of air, humidification, dehumidification, cooling and humidification, and heating and humidification.
2. Sensible cooling involves reducing the dry bulb temperature of air without changing its moisture content, represented as a horizontal line moving left on a psychrometric chart. Sensible heating is the opposite.
3. Cooling and humidification reduces dry bulb temperature while increasing moisture content, shown as an angled line moving up and left. Heating and humidification increases both temperature and moisture.
Basic Mechanical Engineering - Air conditioning
This document discusses air conditioning systems. It defines air conditioning as controlling the temperature, humidity, purity and distribution of air in an enclosed space. It notes that for human comfort, air temperature should be between 22-27°C and relative humidity between 55-65%. The document describes the key components and processes of winter and summer air conditioning systems. Winter systems heat and humidify air while summer systems cool and dehumidify air. The document also discusses applications of air conditioning and classifications of systems based on the conditioning processes required.
Presentation
Gourav Tiwari's presentation introduces psychrometry, the science of air-water vapor mixtures. It discusses key psychrometric properties like dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, and dew point. It also covers psychrometric processes such as sensible heating and cooling, which change temperature along constant humidity lines; and dehumidification and humidification, which change moisture content. The presentation aims to explain these concepts using a psychrometric chart to illustrate different psychrometric processes and how they affect air temperature and moisture levels.
Psychrometry
Psychrometry is the study of air-water vapor mixtures. It examines properties like dew point temperature, relative humidity, and dry/wet bulb temperatures. Key psychrometric processes include sensible heating/cooling which changes temperature without altering moisture content, and dehumidification/humidification which remove or add moisture through heat transfer. Adiabatic cooling involves evaporative cooling without heat loss, while adiabatic mixing describes combining air streams without a net heat change. Psychrometric charts graphically depict these processes and climate zones.
Psychrometric chart, How to read
Dew point, Humidity, Dry Bulb temperature, Locate a point on the chart. Enthalpy changes. Tips and tricks for the psychrometric chart.
Talking points
Psychrometry is the study of air and water vapor mixtures, specifically their physical and thermal properties. It describes seven key characteristics: dry bulb temperature, humidity ratio, relative humidity, enthalpy, dew point temperature, wet bulb temperature, and specific volume. Evaporative cooling works by maximizing contact between added moisture and air, causing the air temperature to decrease as water evaporates. This principle applies even in humid conditions since hotter air can hold more water vapor. Knowing two of the seven psychrometric variables allows determining the others using a psychrometric chart.
Basic refrigeration cycle
Refrigeration involves removing heat from one substance and transferring it to another. Heat naturally flows from hot to cold substances. Refrigerants are substances that absorb and transfer heat through a phase change process. Common refrigerants include pure ice, dry ice, and chemical refrigerants like R-22, each of which absorbs heat and changes phase at different fixed temperatures, allowing them to be used for cooling below the melting point of ice. Understanding the phase change properties of refrigerants is important for efficient refrigeration.
Applications of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning & Refrigerants
This document discusses refrigeration and air conditioning. It describes how refrigeration cools products or spaces below the surrounding temperature, while air conditioning controls temperature, moisture, cleanliness, odor, and air circulation for occupants or processes. Common applications are listed such as room air conditioners, refrigerators, evaporative coolers, and commercial refrigeration/air conditioning. The document then focuses on evaporative cooling systems, automotive air conditioners, refrigerants used, and criteria for selecting refrigerants including thermodynamic properties, environmental impact, and safety.
Psychrometry and Air conditioning load estimation
This document discusses psychrometrics and air conditioning load estimation. It covers topics like:
- The composition of air and properties of moist air like humidity ratio, enthalpy, specific volume.
- Psychrometric chart which graphically represents thermodynamic properties of moist air.
- Basic psychrometric processes like sensible heating/cooling, humidification, dehumidification.
- Methods to achieve these processes like air washers, evaporative cooling, steam injection.
- Factors affecting human comfort and the use of comfort charts.
- Estimating cooling loads for air conditioning systems.
Environmental practicals for mbbs students Part II
This document discusses various instruments used to measure meteorological elements like temperature, humidity, and wind speed. It describes:
1. Thermometers like mercury, alcohol, maximum, minimum, kata, and globe thermometers which are used to measure air temperature, maximum/minimum temperatures reached, cooling power of air, mean radiant heat.
2. Instruments like the sling and Assmann psychrometers which use wet and dry bulb thermometers to measure relative humidity by comparing the temperature difference between a wet and dry bulb.
3. The kata thermometer procedure which involves suspending wet and dry thermometer bulbs in air to measure cooling power and thermal comfort.
4. Wind an
Vapor Compression Refrigeration System
This document discusses vapor compression refrigeration systems from Sana'a University in Yemen. It covers topics like coefficient of performance, the basic refrigeration cycle with four main components (evaporator, compressor, condenser, expansion valve), processes within the cycle, effects of evaporator and condenser temperatures, examples of cycle analysis, use of flash tanks and accumulators, and multistage compression systems. The document is presented by Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi from the Mechanical Engineering department and focuses on vapor compression refrigeration taught to students.
psychrometrics
Willis Carrier, a young engineer working for Buffalo Forge Company, had a flash of genius while waiting for a train one night. He realized the relationship between temperature, humidity, and dew point, laying the foundations for the field of psychrometry - the study of air and water vapor mixtures. This insight led Carrier to invent the first modern air conditioning system. He is now known as the father of air conditioning.
Properties of air water mixtures
A psychrometric chart graphically represents psychrometric processes of air. It can be used to plot multiple data points representing air conditions at a time and identify the comfort zone where occupants are satisfied. The chart contains lines for dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, and relative humidity. A psychrometric chart can evaluate systems like air heating, cooling towers, evaporative condensers, and evaporative cooling and analyze energy usage in dryers.
Psychrometry
The document discusses the psychrometric chart and various psychrometric processes involving moist air. It begins by identifying parts of the psychrometric chart and explaining how it can be used to determine moist air properties and analyze processes involving moist air. Several examples are then provided to illustrate key psychrometric processes including sensible heating/cooling, heating and humidifying, cooling and dehumidifying, adiabatic or evaporative cooling, and adiabatic mixing of moist air streams. Step-by-step workings are shown for each example to determine various moist air properties and mass transfer rates.
2. psychrometric chart
The document discusses psychrometric charts and their use in analyzing air conditioning processes and calculating air properties. It provides an example problem of calculating properties for an air sample with a dry bulb temperature of 40°C and wet bulb temperature of 28°C. It also discusses sensible and latent heating/cooling, mixing of air streams, and includes sample problems calculating psychrometric properties and air conditioning system design values.
Basics of refrigeration engineering section b
i hope, it will helpful to the students and peoples in the search of topics mentioned
it is informative to study to even get passing marks or for revision
Humidification
This document discusses humidification and different types of humidifiers used during mechanical ventilation. It begins with objectives to describe normal airway heat and moisture exchange, the effects of dry gases, and indications for humidification. It then defines humidity and absolute versus relative humidity. The main types of humidifiers covered are bubble, passover, and heated humidifiers. Important points are made about maintaining water levels, discarding condensation, and replacing humidifiers every 24 hours to prevent bacterial growth. References are provided at the end.
Refrigeration 1
This document summarizes key concepts in refrigeration cycles. It defines refrigeration as reducing the temperature below the surroundings and notes that refrigerants, like NH3, are used as working fluids. It explains that the refrigerating effect is the energy removed from the cold chamber and that the coefficient of performance is the ratio of heat removed to work input. The document also discusses refrigerator capacity as the amount of heat transferred per unit time from the cold chamber. It provides an overview of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle and notes modifications to improve efficiency, such as replacing the expansion engine with a throttling valve.
Refrigeration and air conditioning - psychrometry and air conditioning load e...
This document provides an overview of psychrometrics and air conditioning load estimation. It defines key psychrometric concepts such as dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, humidity ratio, enthalpy, and introduces the psychrometric chart. It describes basic psychrometric processes including sensible heating and cooling, humidification, and dehumidification. It also discusses human comfort factors, the comfort chart, and an introduction to cooling load estimation.
Psychrometry
The document defines key terms related to psychrometrics, which is the science of moist air properties and processes. It explains that atmospheric air contains a mixture of gases including nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor. Moist air contains both air and water vapor, while saturated air contains the maximum possible amount of water vapor. Other terms defined include humidity, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, vapor pressure, specific humidity, dew point temperature, and enthalpy. The document concludes by explaining that a psychrometric chart graphically represents various psychrometric properties and processes on a single plot.
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The document summarizes the refrigeration cycle. It describes the four basic processes: (1) isentropic compression in the compressor, (2) constant pressure heat rejection in the condenser, (3) isentropic expansion in the expansion valve/metering device, and (4) constant pressure heat addition in the evaporator. The refrigerant is compressed in the vapor phase, condensed, expanded, and evaporated alternately to provide cooling. Key components are the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. The coefficient of performance (COP) measures efficiency as the cooling effect divided by the work input. Selecting the right refrigerant depends on the application and factors like cost, toxicity, and environmental impact
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Pharmaceutical hvac system by adnan et.al
Pharmaceutical hvac system by adnan et.alMawlana Bashani Science and technology University , Tangail Bangladesh
HVAC system is very important part of a pharmaceutical company. So that we must know the basic term or procedure of a Pharmaceutical HVAC system. We are tying to give a brief description about HVAC system in our Slide. Hope all of u like it. Thank u.. HVAC
The document discusses the goals and components of HVAC systems. The goal of HVAC is to maintain a comfortable indoor environment with conditioned air at the proper temperature, humidity, and air quality. HVAC systems work to control these comfort factors. All HVAC systems can be broken down into five main loops - the airside loop, chilled water loop, refrigeration loop, heat rejection loop, and controls loop. Each loop contains various components that work together to heat, cool, dehumidify, and distribute air throughout a building.
Engineering plant facilities 01 concepts formulas and uom
The document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts, formulas, and units of measurement related to engineering fundamentals and HVAC systems. It contains a glossary with over 50 terms defined, including definitions of mechanical concepts like velocity, acceleration, momentum, and torque. It also defines thermodynamic concepts such as entropy, enthalpy, the laws of thermodynamics, and refrigeration terms like evaporator and condenser. The glossary provides a comprehensive reference of technical HVAC and engineering terminology.
Ventilation
This document provides an outline on the topic of ventilation. It was prepared by 5 students in the civil engineering branch, guided by Prof. Nilesh Rathod. The outline defines ventilation, discusses the reasons for it and different types including natural and mechanical. It also describes various methods like natural ventilation using windows/doors and mechanical ventilation using fans. Finally, it covers air conditioning systems, how they work by transferring heat and different types like central air conditioning.
OverviewHeating and Cooling SystemsA person’s comfort in an en.docx
Overview
Heating and Cooling Systems
A person’s comfort in an environment depends on the temperature, relative humidity, mean radiant temperature, and air movement. A weatherization service provider should be aware of these four factors.
There are many types of heating and cooling systems that may be present in homes that need to be weatherized. A weatherization service provider should be able to differentiate between the types of systems and recognize problems with a system.
Lastly, a weatherization service provider should be able to detect leaks in duct systems using various testing methods. After the leaks have been discovered, the provider should be able to seal the leaks to improve the efficiency of the system.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
6A
analyze the myriad of factors that influence human comfort.
6B
recall the differences between various state-of-the-art home heating and cooling systems.
6C
list the various tests that can be used to detect home heating/cooling system leaks.
6D
explain the various methods used to seal duct leaks in homes.
Module 5 Reading Assignment
Krigger, J., & Dorsi, C. (2012). Residential Energy: Cost Savings and Comfort for Existing Buildings (6th ed.). Helena: Saturn Resource Management, Inc. Chapters 3 (pp. 86-100), 6, and 8.
Supplemental Reading Assignments (Required):
EERE (2011). HVAC: a guide for contractors to share with homeowners (Report No. PNNL-20241). Washington, D.C.: Buildings technologies program (pp. 1-68).
EPA (2009). A guide to energy efficient heating and cooling[Brochure]. Washington, D.C., (pp. 1-24).
EPA (2009). Duct sealing [Brochure]. Washington, D.C., (pp. 1-5).
Friedman, G. (2004). “Too hot/too cold diagnosing occupant complaints.” ASHRAE, (pp. 157-163).
Lecture Notes
Heating and Cooling Systems
There are four factors that contribute to a person’s comfort in a particular environment: air temperature, relative humidity, the mean radiant temperature, and the presence of air movement. When the temperature, moisture, radiant temperatures, and moving air are controlled in any environment, people will be comfortable.
Relative Humidity
The amount of moisture in the air is one of the factors that directly affects comfort whether a person is inside or outside. Relative Humidity (RH) is the amount of moisture in the air compared to the total amount of water that could be in the air if it were totally saturated. A weatherization service provider can measure relative humidity using a hygrometer or a relative humidity and temperature meter. A psychrometer is a basic hygrometer that is made of two thermometers. A reading of 50 percent relative humidity means that the air, at a specific temperature, contains 50 percent of the total amount of water it is capable of maintaining for saturation.
Mean Radiant Temperature
The mean radiant temperature is the average temperature of the surfaces in the environment. Warm air can hold more moi.
Kurz Thermal Mass Flow Meters
1) Kurz Instruments is a leading manufacturer of thermal mass flow meters, founded over 34 years ago in Monterey, California.
2) Thermal mass flow meters have advantages over other flow measurement technologies in applications involving low velocities, wide flow ranges, high temperatures, and dirty gases.
3) Kurz flow meters and switches are used in a variety of industries and critical applications, including emissions monitoring systems, power plants, aquariums, and landfill gas collection systems.
Pankaj
This document provides an overview of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. It discusses the history and need for HVAC, describes the basic components and processes, and covers types of installations, advantages and disadvantages, and applications. The document aims to explain what HVAC is, what it does, and provide foundational information on heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and the refrigeration cycle that forms the basis of modern HVAC systems.
Building Services (HVAC)
The document discusses heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. It defines key terms related to HVAC systems like specific humidity, relative humidity, latent heat, sensible heat, tonnage, and psychrometrics. It explains that psychrometrics deals with the properties of moist air and how it is used to analyze air-water vapor mixtures. It also summarizes the basic principles and components of air conditioning systems, including the compressor, condenser, metering device, and evaporator.
Hvac
This document discusses heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and their importance in manufacturing quality pharmaceutical products. It addresses how HVAC systems control factors like temperature, humidity, air particles, and microbes. Contamination can originate from the environment, operators, or equipment and cross-contamination needs to be minimized. Proper HVAC design, maintenance, and procedures are critical to maintaining clean manufacturing conditions. The document also defines humidity measurement and different HVAC system types like central air conditioning. Dehumidification is important for operations in humid climates. In conclusion, air handling systems are critical systems that must be properly designed and treated as such.
1. hvac fundamentals 2017
This document provides an overview of integrated building management systems and HVAC systems. It discusses the objectives of learning about IBMS and provides a syllabus covering various building systems. It then focuses on HVAC systems, explaining concepts like psychrometry, the vapor compression cycle, components of HVAC systems, and factors affecting human comfort. Key terms are defined, such as one ton of refrigeration, COP, IPLV, dew point temperature, and relative humidity. Diagrams illustrate the vapor compression cycle and psychrometric processes.
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About HVAC Design - Brief Explain
- 1. MEP ( HVAC ) Suresh.N MEP Tutor Introduction to HVAC
- 2. Chapter -01
- 3. Form of energy that transfers from one body to another due to temperature difference What is Heat ?
- 4. Sensible Heat Types of HEAT Latent Heat Raise 56 to 57 Degree Celcius Change the State of Substance
- 5. Conduction ( Solid ) Heat transfer through molecular action. No action on body Radiation ( Waves ) Heat transfers from sun to earth Convection ( Fluid ) Heat transfers thorugh the gross movement of liquid and gases Modes of Heat transfer
- 6. Altitude High Altitude – Low Atm Pressure ( Cold air ) Low Altitude - High Atm Pressure ( Hot Air ) Above 1500 Metre Altitude – affects Humans Above 2400 Metre Altitude – Lack of Oxygen Above 5500 Metre Altitude – Can’t tolerated by humans Above 8000 Metre Altitude – Death zone
- 7. Temperature Air Temperature Control Noise Level Controls the proper noiseless environment Air Quality To maintain the air acceptable limit by removing the polluting gas Humidity Controls the water vapor present in air HVAC Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning
- 8. Applications of HVAC Hotels, theatres Auditoriums Compant , IT Park Hospitals Factory, Industry Colleges Shopping Mall Pharama, TeleCom
- 9. Air-conditioning Which Cools, Heats, cleans, circulates and freshens the air and controls the mositure Refrigeration Removing heat from a substance and rejecting the heat to the atmosphere
- 10. Tons Of Refrigeration (TR) Heat Extracted from the atmosphere to melt 1 ton ice in 24 Hrs British Thermal Unit (BTU) Amount of heat required to raise temperature of one pound of water by 1ºF
- 11. Factors Affecting Human Comfort Rate of heat loss affected by five conditions 1. Air temperature 2. Air Humidity 3. Air motion 4. Temperature of surrounding objects 5. Clothing Human Comfort STD Temperature Range = 22 – 26.5 Degree Celcius Summer 22 – 24 Degree celcius Winter 24 – 26 Degree Celcius Relative Humidity 40 – 60 %
- 12. Main Components of HVAC Separates the hot to cold side region ,lowers the pressure before entering the evaporator Expansion Valve Heat addition from the air to refrigerants, Placed on Space have to cool Evaporator Increases Low Pressure & Temp to High Pressure & Temperature Compressor Change the state of the refrigerants ( gas to Liquid ) Heat Rejection to Atmosphere Condensor Reservior is the storage of refrigerants in some case as Cooling refrigerants Reservior Evaporator Expansion valve Reservior Condensor Compressor
- 13. • Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle
- 18. Types of Condensors Air Cooled Natural Covection Forced Covection Plates & Tube Types Fins Or Mesh & tube Type Induced Fan Draft Fan Water Cooled Shell & Tube Plates & Tube Types Tube in Tube Shell & coil type Evaporative
- 20. Refrigerants A refrigerant is a substance or mixture, usually a fluid. Phase change, Liquid to Gas, cooling chemical for various applications
- 21. Types of Air Conditioning
- 37. Air Distribution Components Air Handling Unit /Fan Coil Unit Ducts Duct Fittings Duct Accessories Monitering Devices Air Diffusers & Grills/Register
- 40. Fan Coil Unit
- 42. Duct Types of Duct • Rectangle • Round • Oval • Flexible Duct
- 43. Duct Fittings & Accessories
- 44. Air Diffuser & Grilles / Register
- 46. Job Profile HVAC Designer HVAC 2D & 3D Draftsman HVAC Onsite Draftsman HVAC Co-Ordinator HVAC Analyzer HVAC Inspector
- 47. Thank you