Aboriginal People Report

Aboriginal People Report
I live and work in Western Sydney suburb called Warwick Farm. Warwick Farm on the other hand is a part of Liverpool Council. So, in order to write
this report, I contacted Liverpool Council as well as Kari Aboriginal Resources Incorporated (Aboriginal community service) and Western Sydney
University Badanami Centre for Indigenous Education to receive firsthand and outright information. The above listed institutions were very helpful,
especially the individuals like Mr Tyson who coordinates Western Sydney University Badanami Centre for Indigenous Education and Ms Martin from
Kari Aboriginal Resources Incorporated. From my research I have learned that Darug, Gandangara and Tharawal Aboriginal people are the original
inhabitants of the Liverpool... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We (educators) need to put social clichГ©s and stereotypes aside and provide fair, non–discriminative and welcoming environment for all children
within the service (and avoiding any tokenistic approaches). As I have discussed earlier (in the Module 3 Part 1 of this Assessment), 'respect for
diversity' and 'cultural competency' are key aspects of the National Quality Standards (NQS) and the Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF). Since
supporting children to follow their cultural traditions and to participate in cultural activities enhances their wellbeing and can contribute to their
resilience, social confidence and protection from prolonged isolation, emotional trauma or exclusion (EYLF: Outcome 1– Children have a strong sense
of identity & Outcome 2 – Children are connected with and contribute to their world). Australian government today provides number of policies,
projects and programs to celebrate diversity and inclusion for Indigenous Australian (and other communities) (like Aboriginal Children Support and
Parent Awareness– ASSPA Program, National Indigenous English Literacy and Numeracy Strategy and Indigenous Education Ambassadors Program)
(Price, 2015). However, apart from
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Aboriginal People Of Canada
Aboriginal peoples of Canada have suffered exponentially throughout the entirety of history and proceed to do so in modern society. Much of the
continued suffrage of aboriginal peoples is as a result of the Sixties Scoop and the Residential School System, as well as the lack of resources
available to them. This has wreaked extensive havoc on the mental health of Aboriginal peoples, and has left excessive amounts of stigma and racism
attached to Aboriginal Peoples, explicitly seen in the cases of missing and murdered Indigenous women. The effects that have been left on the
aboriginal peoples by their experiences throughout history have had a profound effect on their quality of life. Many continue to experience immense
struggle in the areas of mental health and addictions. The sixties scoop saw the removal of thousands of aboriginal children from their homes, leaving
them without any of the traditions they had come to know. This led to a feeling of great confusion as to who they were, especially during some of the
most crucial years of development. As is outlined in the story of one such child, Lynn Thompson, who stated in an interview with the Saskatchewan
Sage, Like many of the children in my situation, I was abused, eventually ended up settled in a German Mennonite community in Manitoba, where I
shot myself. I would have given anything to be in a residential school, to have other brown faces around. Further on in the interview, Lynn's experiences
with substance

Water Effects On Aboriginal People
Today, the Aboriginal people aren't treated nearly as harsh as they were back then, but the Aboriginal rights have still continued to be repressed and
they are being treated poorly. Let's take the water issue for Aboriginal people, for now, 80 Aboriginal communities are under, " boiled water advisories
and 21 of those communities have a high risk of contaminated water otherwise known as polluted water. The Canadian government apologized to the
Aboriginals, but that apology only addressed the residential schools and ignored all the times they raided and broke the Canadian Constitution of 1982.
Another problem for them is the poor houses, an example is the Attawapiskat First Nations, who drew massive media attention to the housing problem
and

Reasons Why Aboriginal People Should Respect Aboriginal...
Non–Aboriginal people should respect Aboriginal people. On 26 October 2019 Uluru climbing will be prohibited. This significant decision shows
respect to the Aboriginal culture that consider Uluru a sacred place. Banning the climb is necessary even if the number of visitors who decide to
climb the rock is dropping considerably. In 1990, 74% of the tourists climbed Uluru, but now the new kinds of experience that involve people deeply in
the indigenous culture have reduced this percentage. In 2015, only 16.2% visitors climbed to the top, and the others chosen to respect the indigenous
tradition (Uluru climbs will be banned from October 2019 after unanimous board decision to 'close the playground', 2017). There are several reasons to
respect Aboriginal people: the deeper respect that they have to the land, they are the most ancient culture survived until now, and the international
visitors more and more prefer the genuine contact with an indigenous experience. The first reason why non–Aboriginal people should respect
Aboriginal people is, the deeper respect that they have to the land. Aboriginal people said that the land and the people are one, and the life depends
on the reciprocal respect. Also, Aboriginal people honor the land, because it supplies food, water and other assets necessary for life. They don't own
the land, because the land is for everyone. The land is their life, and when people destroy, disrespect or damage the land or their sacred place, they
eradicate their

The Effects Of Assimilation On Aboriginal People
The Effects Of Assimilation on Aboriginal Peoples Thesis Statement Leanne Simpson's "i am graffiti" emphasizes the effects of the attempted
assimilation of the indigenous community, not only in Canada but around the world, and how the consequences of assimilation continue to haunt the
community to this day. Works Cited Tunstall, Lee. "Discrimination against Aboriginal People: An Overview." Canadian Points of View: Discrimination
against Aboriginal People, Jan. 2017, p. 1. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com
/login.aspx?direct=true&db=p3h&AN=28674890&lang=en–ca&site=pov–can. Accessed Lee Tunstall provides insight regarding discrimination against
Aboriginal people in Canada. The article recaps the history and hardships between European and Aboriginal groups, while discussing the beliefs of each
of the groups. Additionally, Lee Tunstall reminds the reader of the harsh reality of the deculturalization, ranging from the development of residential
schools, the banning of many important gatherings and cultural bans. Tunstall also mentions the continued discrimination of Aboriginal peoples today
and how Canada still needs to continue to improve and rebuild the ties with Aboriginal people. The article also discus the rapid population growth of
the many different Aboriginal populations and how they contribute to the modern day twenty–first century. Despite the fact that Lee Tunstall is not an
aboriginal woman, she still continues to be a credible source, for she is apart of

Addiction Effects On Aboriginal People
Today, the way addiction in aboriginal people is perceived has many disadvantages. The impact is great and the effects are many. Not only is it a
burden to the friends and families evolved but also to the community or area lived in by the addict. During the time, there is pain for families and
community, but the addict has hidden pains that impact the addiction. There are many factors that contribute to addiction being a problem. I will
touch on a few of these factors such as the social challenges of addiction in the eye of Aboriginal people and healing process and I will also consider
how beneficial the addicts and elders are to helping resolve some of these problems. With past acts of colonization and the effects of residential... Show
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No one releases that doing something so harmful to one's body and self–esteem is a way of escaping life. When it comes to Aboriginal healing there
has to be a self–discovery of mind, body, spirit, and emotional health that needs to be aligned before an addict can fight off the demons (White
Bison, 2002). Addictions often begin with trying to coping stated above with a high level of stress, pain (emotional and physically), and even
mental illnesses that have or haven't been a diagnosis. Living within a community that is lost many people can't get out of the destructive circle.
Having parents not being around because they are working on addiction themselves allows for children to become lost or even accept that this is
where they will stay for the rest of their lives. Social stigmas only add to these problems when one feels the need to hide who they or their family
members are, the feelings they have, and hiding that alcohol or drugs made them feel better instead of looking for the help that is needed when the
feeling of need the drug of choice

Aboriginal People In Canada
Acquiring an education and the act of being educated in a school are two enormously different teachings. Indigenous Peoples of the world have been
educating each other within their own communities for thousands of years. Through the processes of ritual, spirituality, and tradition, these cultures
thrive, sustainably, by living in unison with their land. As Dr. Weber
–Pillwax explains, First Nations Peoples of Canada live in relationship to their "to
the land" and their "the community" and these values are therefore ingrained into Aboriginal identity. Furthermore, the molecular transference of these
distinct features of First Nations culture, which Dr. Weber–Pillwax articulates using Dr. Candace Pert's theory of "molecules of emotions," transcend ...
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Nonetheless, European settlers, particularly during Colonization, made the assumption that their culture, religious beliefs, and educational systems
was superior; and, as part of the process towards colonizing the land that is now Canada, this group of European people attempted to abolish First
Nations Peoples' culture. As Bonita Lawrence reveals in her overview of Aboriginal people in North America, "the colonial act of establishing legal
definitions of Indianess . . . enabled the Canadian government to remove a significant sector of Native people from the land," and in doing so,
colonization inevitably removed a sizable number of Aboriginal people from their culture (7). These historic Colonial events irreversibly changed
Aboriginal culture. Aside from the glaring fact that Aboriginal children were expected to conform and attend a colonial educational system,
irrespective of their cultural education, "status" Aboriginal children, during Colonialism, essentially became the initial step towards a reacculturation of
the Aboriginal

The Aboriginal People
Our group was focus on the distinctive culture of the aboriginal people. The Aboriginal culture is a precious humane heritage of entire Canada, and
plays an irreplaceable role in the contemporary culture of Canada. The main purpose of Aboriginal education is to pass on the unique cultural
elementsпјЋ
When European colonists first came to North America, the Aboriginalculture was falsely believed as barbaric and savage, and the so called civilized
people thought that they need to take over Aboriginal children's education. In J. R. Miller (1996)'s book Shingwauk's Vision: A History of Native
Residential Schools, Miller states that "When European missionaries began to live among Aboriginal people it was concluded that as soon as they
could separate children from their parents the sooner they could prepare Aboriginal people to live a civilized life". In short, the non–Aboriginal
missionaries thought that the Aboriginal culture was not worth preserving. However, this perception is very incorrect, because the Aboriginal culture
represents survival of the mental, spiritual, emotional and physical well–being of each Aboriginal individual.
A nation without its own cultural is just an outer form with no identity, so our presentation wants to digger deeper into the Aboriginal culture, in order
to find a more effective way to shape our current Aboriginal education system. We did a thoroughly research about the contemporary Aboriginal culture,
including photography, painting, sculpture,

Aboriginal People
Aboriginal people are the original inhabitants of a place. Less than 500 years ago the sole people living in Canada were the Aboriginal groups which
are believed to have had 53 different languages. First, Nations, Metis, and Inuit are the only first groups which are constitutionally recognized in
Canada. This paper addresses the effects of residential schools, the Indian reserve system and the unbalanced treatment of Aboriginal people in
historical and contemporary texts. Residential schools and its effects on the Aboriginal people The push to civilize the First nation's group is dated
back in the year 1876, with the amendment of The Indian Act of 1876. By 1890, education was considered as the "primary vehicle for the civilization ...
The reserve caused instability among the Indians as the Canadian government has the right to expropriate portions of reserve for public work or move
entire reserve away from a municipality if it was considered convenient and practical even if it was an immoral move.Unbalanced treatment of
Aboriginal peopleThe aboriginal people might be called the First Nation, but they are treated like the second–class citizens. The Indian Act passed in
1876, has imposed a lot of restrictions to the Indians. For instance, the First Nations are forbidden to speak their language or practice their traditional
religion. They are prohibited to buy alcohol or to buy ammunition. Initially, they were not allowed until 1960.Address of the Indian Act effects to the
Aboriginal The Indian act is discriminatory and needs to be amended so at to be in line with the United Nation Human Right Charter. The Indian act
needs more amendment as it was done in the year 1951 and 1985 to remove some of the controversial laws. In 1951, the act was amended and banning
of dances and ceremonies, and a pursuit of claims was removed and in 1982 it was amended to remove discrimination against women. In the residential
schools, teachers need to integrate Aboriginal perspectives in a respectful, authentic and effective manner and also be mindful of the different shape the
Aboriginal education takes depending on the geographical location from which it emerges

Essay On Aboriginal People
During my interview with Margaret West of Bourke, NSW– I was able to gain first–hand knowledge and understanding of the issues (healthcare, safety
and education) that were faced by some indigenous people during the 70's and 80's. After the interview concluded, I had enough information to
compare the policies of her generation in contrast to the modern policies that deal with the same issues that were discussed in the interview. During
the interview I was told about the challenges faced in the 70s, which included poor health services to indigenous. Aboriginal Medical Services (AMS),
National Aboriginal and Islander Health Organisation (NAIHO) were then formed to tackle the poor health issues. And when it came to education, it
was also a problem... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example the universal health insurance system, Medibank was introduced to allow mainstream health services more affordable in 1975. Even
though it was terminated in 1978, it was then reintroduced as Medicare in 1984. In the early 1970s Aboriginal people were commonly confronted with
intolerance, prejudice and racism at every level of the nation's criminal justice system. Aboriginal adults were eleven times more likely to be
imprisoned than other Australians, and youth twenty times more likely to be detained. In 1972 the Whitlam government eradicated the white Australia
policy and introduced a policy of self–determination, and in 1975, the racial discrimination Act was put in effect and it was designed to acknowledge
the prior ownership of Australia by the Indigenous people. In January 2011 Australia was reviewed by the UN Human Rights Council and in June 2011
Australia provided its response to the 145 recommendations made by the Human Rights Council and amend their policy towards the indigenous people.
The Racial Discrimination Act 1975 has been fully reinstated in relation to the Northern Territory Emergency Response December 2010. Putting of
indigenous women in decision making positions for more recognition and to improved there

Aboriginal People Essay
Aboriginal Peoples have suffered a history of injustice that extent from the period of colonization to globalization in the present. First, when they were
exposed to colonial invasion into their lands, most of them were tortured, enslaved, and even killed. Unfortunately, these communities continue to
suffer the exploitation of diverse industries, which give more importance to personal profit than to respect the human rights of the members of the
indigenous communities. It is time to make a change! I propose to analyze the position that indigenous communities must be protected from the
eminent expansion of globalization. In addition to not respecting their rights, multinational corporations risk the preservation of hundreds of diverse
cultures... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When I went to my cousin's wedding in Guatemala, I witnessed how unfair natives of that country were treated. There are many issues that
aboriginals are facing these days and I witnessed just some of them including poverty, deprived access to medical assistance in rural areas, and
poor education. In addition, her husband, who grew up in an indigenous community in Guatemala, has told me several histories about his
challenging childhood. It was so difficult that his parents sent him to live with his uncles to an industrialized city when he was 14 years old so he
could have a better and safer future. In addition, the course of Intro to Cultural Anthropology that I am taking this semester has helped me to
understand more about the important role played by aborigines in our society. Therefore, in order to be able to make my essay as accurate as
possible, I scheduled an appointment with my anthropology instructor so that she can advise me which sources are the most suitable for my
research and also I could asked her all my doubts. As a result, I was able to expand my knowledge with the help of an anthropologist. Furthermore, to
make this project more interesting, I am going to interview the husband of my cousin since all research projects are more successful with the help of
an eyewitness. Finally, I will put all my effort to excel in my final research

Aboriginal People Research Paper
Aboriginal People The Aboriginal People are very important to understand and address because they have contributed a lot to human innovation. Even
though there isn't much left of the Aboriginal people in the world they have left behind many aspects of their culture that we as humans can appreciate.
They are one of the oldest living cultures to this day with an abundance of innovation, art and history. The Aboriginal people had one of the most
technologically advanced cultures in the world when they arrived in Australia. They used many different tools in order to survive with most tools
made to adapt to specific geographic locations. For example, the people that lived next to a body of water showcased their understanding of
engineering with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"In Australia, some Aboriginal art objects are celebrated as fine art of great cultural, aesthetic and economic value..." (Fisher 1). The original art from
this culture is rock art which is estimated to be about 40,000 years old. This type of art was essential to the survival of the culture mainly because
there was no such thing as a written language in those times. The Aboriginals used this rock art by incorporating symbols in order to tell stories and
pass information down from generation to generation. The art taught survival and how to efficiently use the land. Before canvas painting they
showcased their art with body painting, once they did start painting on canvases the use of ochre was very important. Ochre is a natural Earth
pigment that is usually a brown color and the use of Ochre directly represents how the Aboriginal culture uses the land to their advantage. They live
traditionally and can survive without anything but what the land gives them. If you look at contemporary art by the culture the use of symbols and
icons are still present just like the original rock art. The same style is incorporated on the canvas where the artist attempts to tell a story. You can
observe this style in Eddie Blitner's Mimi Spirits and Rainbow Serpent where the painting represents spirits that "...taught many skills, including
hunting, weaving, fishing, painting on rock and on bark, ceremonial songs and dances to old medicine men..." (Artlandish). You can usually recognize
an aboriginal piece because it will include many symbols and use similar colors of brown which comes from

The Betrayal Of Aboriginal Peoples
Mathushanna Tharmalingam Teacher Cynthia Martin Canadian Democracy 306 10 May 2016 The Betrayal of Aboriginal peoples in Canada In
Canadian history courses, we studied how the Europeans established in Canada to start a new life. We also learned that Christopher Columbus was the
first explorer to discover this empty land, but in contrary, the native Canadians were already living in Canada even before it is discovered.
Notwithstanding the European settlers moved in and took over the place. They brought their own Government, they called themselves as the "majority"
and they also took the lands of the aboriginal people. Indigenous people are seen differently from the societies, which is running those states. In other
words, the Colonists when... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, these people are getting cheated over and over by the government. They were manipulated and fooled. Aboriginal people want their way of
life to be recognized, their values and their beliefs, rather than the European's way of life. Each time they sign a treaty they face a disappointment, in
other words, they were betrayed by the state. The government of Canada downplayed consistently the significance of Indigenous rights claims and
failed to think about the grievances left in the long term. Even to say that the Canadian criminal justice system has abandoned the aboriginal people
on a massive scale. It is not only that the justice system has failed Aboriginal people, but also the government was opposed to them. The rights of
Indigenous people have been ignored and slowly deprived. This resulted in an injustice towards the Indian bands. People who once ruled their own
business independently ended up in poverty and without power. The years go on and these people realize the unfairness about how they were treated
by the justice system and the authority. Even if they get their rights back, at the end of the day, whatever rights they may have has no value compared
to the state. The authority suppresses their rights. (Asch, M., 2014, Chap. 2) Since the Canadian government has tried to re–emphasise the
constitutional concerns for the aborigines but it concluded with a

The Canadian Government And The Aboriginal People
In the 19th century, The Canadian government believed that it was their job to educate the Aboriginal people in Canada. European settlers felt that
the aboriginal people were savage, ignorant, and like children needed guidance, and needed to be "civilized". Ultimately, they wanted to assimilate
the Aboriginal people into Canadian and Christian ways of living life in Canada. The Canadian government came up with a policy called
"aggressive assimilation" to be taught at industrial schools that would be run by the churches and government funded. They chose children to go to
these schools because they are easier to manipulate and mold than the adults and felt that school was the best way to do so. With the hopes of the
assimilated children will teach their children their new way of life and that their traditions and culture will diminish or be completely gone in a few
generations. In the 1880's, the government began to construct the residential schools across Canada. Authorities often would take kids from their
home, to isolate them from their family and familiar communities. In 1920 is when the Indian Act came in effect where every Aboriginal child was
obligated to attend a residential school and it was illegal for them to go to any other institution. Moving on to oppression which Aboriginal children
faced much of. Oppression is defined as the social act of placing severe restrictions on an individual, group, or institution. The ultimate goal of
oppression is to keep the people

The Impact Of Residential Schools On Aboriginal People
This paper revealed the impact of residential schools on the Aboriginal people of Canada. If one does not expect to find education as a tool for
assimilation and colonization, indeed you expect to find abuse as a way of assimilation. This paper argued that although there was an apology if
Canada continues to discriminate against the Aboriginal people reconciliation is not a factor. It is evident that the Canada government obviously want
to stop the Aboriginal people's culture, language, and spirituality. They look at the Aboriginal people as inferior to take care of their children. It was
clear that the Aboriginal children were forcefully collected from their parent to be under abuse all in the name of assimilation. It is no doubt that

Since the beginning of our colonial history, Canada's Indigenous people have struggled with racist legislation and policies designed to terminate their
cultural values, rights, and freedoms. From the Royal Proclamation of 1763 to the recently passed Bill C–51, Canada's Eurocentric federal government
has caused a cultural oppression, and some would even argue, genocide of Canada's First Nations people (Gray, 2011). Canada's history of
discriminatory federal policies have not only wrought destruction on Indigenous identities all across the country, but they are overwhelmingly
responsible for the disproportionately high rates of violence, crime, poverty, and drug and alcohol abuse that is so rampant in many First Nations
communities (Gray, 2011).... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Perhaps even more troubling however is the fact that throughout history the Canadian federal government has deliberately implemented both policies
and legislation designed to deny Aboriginal people their rights to identity, belief, culture, language, and land (Gray, 2011; Sellers, 2013; King, 2012).
Because of the lasting legacy of colonization, including historical and current social policies, white privilege, racism, and Eurocentrism, the state of
Indigenous affairs in Canada is indeed a public, and not a private, individual problem. Unfortunately however, many non–Aboriginal Canadians harbor
the discriminatory and harmful notion that Indigenous issues in Canada are irrelevant to modern day culture at best and self–inflicted at worst
(McCaskill, 2012). Despite our deeply racist history that has included continual attempts to erase both Aboriginal culture and people from North
America, a startling number of Canadians still believe that the problems faced by Aboriginal communities today are the result of personal failures,
laziness, and personal stupidity (McCaskill, 2012). Few Canadians are well educated on the state of Aboriginal affairs or public policy with regards to
their wellbeing, and the true history of Aboriginal people in Canada is rarely mentioned in public school curriculums (Gray,

Disadvantages Faced By Aboriginal People
Introduction:
"Smoking rates have halved in Australians over the past 30 years, falling below 16%. Except for in Indigenous populations, smoking rates have
remained at more than twice this level, with even higher rates reported in remote communities" (RACGP, 2013) The inequality that has been faced by
Indigenous people is still at an unacceptable level, and has "been identified as a human rights concern by the United Nations" (Dick, 2007). Smoking is
a major issue because, "it is the most preventable contributor to the gap in life expectancy between Indigenous and non–Indigenous peoples" (Ivers,
2011). "Smoking contributes to 17% of the life expectancy gap" (Australian Government: Department for Health and Welfare, 2011). The
socio–economic disadvantage faced by Indigenous people leads to the addiction of tobacco, which can be caused by many factors including; their
position on the social gradient, education, social exclusion, their employment status and their social support. There is a lack of developed personal
skills on the health risks of tobacco, "some Aboriginals don't identify smoking as a health issue" (Korff, 2014), due to the history of Aboriginal people
around smoking. As well as first hand smoke, passive smoking also contributes to poor health, especially for children. Smoking is the major cause for
heart disease, stroke, some cancers, lung diseases and a variety of other conditions (HealthInfoNet.ecu.edu.au, 2013). "If we could reduce tobacco
consumption levels

Colonialism, Aboriginal People, And Racism In Canada
Colonialism, Aboriginal peoples, and racism in Canada
In this research paper, I will be explaining how western colonialism and racism destroyed the reputation of aboriginal peoples in Canada. The reason
why I chose this topic because it shows the strong relationship to anthropology and after taking aboriginal studies 30, it also shows that I have a clear
understanding about the history of aboriginal peoples in Canada, the struggles they have been through over the past decade and the challenges they still
face today in modern day society. I'll be addressing these issues in a couple of paragraphs on the discrimination and the inequalities of these
"minorities" and how they had to assimilate into European culture, leaving their way of life behind them.
The history of Canada is the era of where colonization all began towards aboriginal peoples. Over the past decades, aboriginal peoples have been
mistreated and misused by the white–Europeans. They have been oppressed by Canadian society that we are known still by today and continue to live
under racism resulting in gender and class oppression. The history of colonialism has been playing a big part in the way of how aboriginal people have
been constructed and impacted on how aboriginal people are treated and viewed in Canadian Society. They have been dealing with the struggles,
inequality, and discrimination that we have been putting them through for over three centuries, we've been also failing them with Canada's racist policies

Are White Skinned Aboriginal People Really Aboriginal?
The point of this paper is to examine the issues surrounding the question 'Are White skinned Aboriginal people really Aboriginal?" The point this paper
is trying to prove is that an individual's racial and cultural identity and history does not relate to their skin colour.
This topic relates centrally to the concept of 'White Passing', cultural identity, racism, the forced processes of Assimilation and Government policies, the
Macro world, including the policy of Self determination and the Protection Act (1869) and the Assimilation Act (1937). This issue is prominent in the
macro level of society, Governments, media, law, and schools, the meso levels, employment, workplace and communities and the micro levels of
society, individual's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Aboriginal people are heavily affected by stereotypes born from prejudice and discrimination. These prejudices and stereotypes have amalgamated
with ignorance to create a countless amount of offensive terms and beliefs about Aboriginal people. The ethnicity of an individual is not always
discernible and can be separate from or combine with their outward racial appearance, as seen in white skinned Aboriginal people. Stereotypes and
prejudice lead to discrimination which has in the past lead to the creation of Government policies which disadvantaged an ethnic group such as
Aboriginal people. This topic is relevant to the course syllabus because it relates so strongly with several course concepts.
This pip relates to the depth study of Social and Cultural Continuity and Change and its outcomes of the development of personal, social and cultural
identity, analysing relationships and interactions within and between social and cultural groups and assessing the interactions of personal experience
and public knowledge in the development of social and cultural literacy.
The hypothesis to be explored in this pip is 'Are white skinned Aboriginal people really Aboriginal?' with the answer that an individual's racial and
cultural identity and history do not relate to their skin colour. This will be analysed through a variety of primary and secondary research methods to
examine this hypothesis and the

Introduction
Aboriginal people have been historically disadvantaged within society especially when it comes to the Canadian justice system. Derrick Bell, is known
for originating critical race theory. Although an American based theory, it can also be applied to Canadian society due to similar situations. Theories
are important in understanding the way society functions and ways in which society can be bettered. Through the implementation of critical race
theory to the over representation of Aboriginals in the Canadian criminal justice system, we will be able to understand how this disadvantage cam
about and methods to remedy it.
Contextual Background of the Disadvantages of Aboriginal People
In order to better understand who Aboriginal people are, there is a need for a definition. For the purpose of this text the term Aboriginal will refer to all
First Nations, Metis and Inuit. It is important to include that it includes all status and non–status Aboriginals. Aboriginal people were the first
inhabitants of what we now refer to today as Canada. Pre–European contact many of the aboriginal people were hunter gather societies and many of
them were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When Europeans began settling within Canada, Aboriginal people had no hesitations as their philosophy was heavily based on the idea that the land
was for all to respect and profit from with no ownership over lands. With further settling, because the issue of how to coexist with Aboriginal people as
they were taking up space where Europeans want to settle. European governments also stated that settlers could take legal control on lands which were
inhabited or unclaimed (Banner, S. n.d.). With the 1763 Royal Proclamation came European governmental system in Canada imposed a system where
all inhabitants including aboriginals would abide by in the form of treaties (Hall, A,J.

Aboriginal Rights Of Aboriginal People
In 1967, a landmark event occurred for the Indigenous Community of Australia. They were no longer declared Flora and Fauna This means that
Aboriginal people would be considered a part of the landscape and not humans in their own right.. In 1967, a Referendum was held by all members of
Australian society voting on the issue of allowing Indigenous Australian to be a part of the census and thereby able to vote and be counted as part of
Australia's population. This achieved not only citizenship for Aboriginal people, but put the issue of Indigenous Rights on both the political and social
platforms. This essay will look at the lead up to the Referendum, how Aborigines and their supporters communicated their belief in their rights to the...
After this time, many atrocities occurred, such as the fact that Aboriginals were often killed for sport, and massacres such as Myall Creek were
occurring, where 28 Aboriginal men, women and children were murdered near Myall Creek Station in 1838. There was also the problem of the
Stolen Generation, when Aboriginal children were forcibly taken from their homes to be raised as though they were white. It was only recently in
2008, that Kevin Rudd, the Prime Minister of Australia at the time, apologised for the actions that the government had undertaken. In another
apologetic move, Prime Minister Paul Keating delivered a powerful speech regarding the fact that Aboriginal Communities were still segregated
despite the fact that laws had been changed a number of years ago. This shows that the idea of atonement by Australia is quite a new topic. Does this
prove the challenges that Aboriginal's faced nearly 200 years ago are still present in today's society? It was enough to force the Aboriginal men,
women and children to begin act in support of their rights.
Following World War II, Australia was split in two. The majority of people were those that lived in houses which had both power and water. However,
the Indigenous minority of Australia was not so lucky. They were not eligible for the same benefits that the White citizens of Australia

The residential school era would be one of the most detrimental periods for aboriginal since first contact in 1492. The assimilation of aboriginals into
the western culture is seen as one of the most colonial events in human history, and the legacy it's left behind has left a people robbed of both tangible
and intangible features of aboriginal culture. During this time, young aboriginal children were taken from homes and placed in overnight schools,
where they would be stripped of their religion and culture, and be forced to adapt into North American European society. They would be taught the
ways of Christianity, which according to European settlers as the "true faith, and only faith", abandoning their Native American roots, in both religion...
"The origins of alcohol abuse can be found in early Canadian history with the introduction of liquor by European fur traders in the early 17th century.
Prior to this, drunkenness and violence were virtually unknown to Aboriginal people who had a very low incidence of violence in their own
communities." (Deborah, Chansonneuve. "Adaptive behaviours among aboriginal Peoples in Canada." Aboriginal Healing Foundation, 2007) this
would be the beginning of native genetic predisposition to consuming larger amounts of alcohol with the correct stressors. As settlers introduced the
residential schools two centuries later in attempt to assimilate indigenous culture, this would lead so much post dramatic stress and depression. Young
aboriginal children, would be taken from their homes, and brought to schools across Canada and the U.S., turning into property of the government.
Conditions of residential schools would be treacherous, as many schools had unsanitary and unsafe living quarters, which played a large roll in the
many casualties at the hands of the government. Any child who lived there would be given poor quality meals, ripped clothing, and daily verbal and
physical abuse would be a part of everyday life. From these traumatic experiences that would endure for three centuries, this would leave many young
aboriginal minds in states of hurt and oppression, which would lead to addiction to substances in order to cop from such horrific

The Origin Of The Aboriginal Noongar People
In the south–west of Western Australia lay over a dozen tribes of the Noongar people. The aboriginal Noongar tribe is one of the largest Aboriginal
cultural blocks in Australia, and their names stems from the meaning of the "original inhabitants of the south–west of Western Australia." The Noongar
people are deeply, spiritually connected to the earth, nature, and their ancestral past through what they call "the dreaming", or "dreamtime". For
Aboriginals, the Dreamtime is how their cultural knowledge is formed and how they understand the creation of the world, passed down traditionally
through oral telling and stories. The Dreamtime is the world of their ancestors and how the spirits were born out of darkness. One of the most
well–known deities/spirits and its corresponding origin story is that of the Waugal, or the RainbowSerpent.
The serpent is believed to be the first thing that moved across the land, making the paths in the land such as dunes, rivers, mountains, valleys, and
where the serpent stopped to rest is where lakes and bodies of water were formed. The Noongar recognize the Waugal as the giver of life because it
mainly created waterways to provide for the people.
The story of the Waugal comes with a story of the creation of the earth, when it was dark, flat, and featureless. The serpent is said to have awakened,
aware of what would happen when he "becomes real," because how could the serpent be able to shape the earth if he was no hands or feet? Suddenly, as

Aboriginal People Stereotypes
the false stereotypical views towards Australian Indigenous people. It is evident that this topic is one to have a vast majority of individuals have
strong opinions and valid concerns about, but please have a positive outlook throughout the following words. Be aware that personal opinions and
views on this topic are logical and valid but reassess where you stand at the end of the following letter.
Since the European colonisation of Australia in the year of 1788, Indigenous people have been tormented in a world that is seen as unnatural to their
existence prior to these changes occurring. Although it is believed that Aboriginal people have lived throughout Australia for up to 60,000 years
(Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, 2017) it is still ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ultimate goal was to eradicate all Aboriginal people as a distinct cultural society (Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, 2017). "Blanket Babies"
were covered by nurses with a blanket creating no opportunity for the mother to see their newborn, before he/she was taken. The children were taken
and placed into dormitories, non– Indigenous foster homes and or were adopted by non– Indigenous families. Once the child was the age of eighteen
they were "released" into society. If a child was caught talking in Aboriginal language they would be punished. No education was offered instead the
girls were taught to be servants and boys to be stockmen (Creative Spirits, 2018). In June of 2017, it was established that there was an estimated
number of 786,689 Australians identifying as Aboriginal, a number that had increased by 17.4% from the year of 2011 (The Conversation, 2017). It
has also been acknowledged that it will take until the year of 2021 for the population figures to recover.
The occurrence of the Stolen Generations has resulted and contributed significantly to the many challenges faced by Australian Indigenous people and
still to this day, the Stolen Generations are still continually searching for their parents/ family

The Aboriginal People Of Canada
Canadian Native Aboriginals Introduction The Canadian native aboriginals are the original indigenous settlers of North Canada in Canada. They are
made up of the Inuit, Metis and the First nation. Through archeological evidence old crow flats seem to the earliest known settlement sites for the
aboriginals. Other archeological evidence reveals the following characteristics of the Aboriginal culture: ceremonial architecture, permanent settlement,
agriculture and complex social hierarchy. A number of treaties and laws have been enacted amongst the First nation and European immigrants
throughout Canada. For instance the Aboriginal self–government right was a step to assimilate them in Canadian society. This allows for a chance to
manage... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is believed that Canada was in violation of the human rights when they forced the aboriginals to get assimilated into a Eurocentric society. There
were instances of children being forced from homes into Christian schools. This was violation of human rights ( Asch 98). Different laws like the
Indian Act and other treaties played an outstanding role in shaping Aboriginal relationship in Canada. The Indian Act led to a huge conflict of interest
following its effect on the Indians living in Canada during its implementation. The Indian Act was a mechanism that strengthened the eviction of
Indians ad also a means of displacing Indians from their tribal lands. On the onset of the 19th Century, land hungry Canadian settlers clustered in the
coastal south of Canada and slowly moved into the neighboring states. Since most of the tribes occupying that area were the Indians, the Canadian
settlers petitioned the Canadian government to remove them as they perceived them as an obstacle to expansion towards the west. The rationale for the
Indian Act was that the southeast Indian tribes had no attachment to any particular land. However, this rationale ignored the fact the Indian tribes had
vast crops of corn and lived in settlements. Those who benefited from the Indian Act are the Canadian settlers who had immense hunger for Indian land.
The Canadian Settler lured the Indian tribes into signing the treaty by guaranteeing them peace and integrity

Aboriginal Discrimination And Aboriginal People
Overview
For many centuries the original inhabitants of Canada, the Aboriginals, have suffered at the hands of the government. From unrightly abducting their
land to racial discrimination and forcing them to comply with Euro–Canadian culture, Indigenous people had every right to be enraged. Indigenous, or
Aboriginal people is a title given to the original settlers and their descendants of North America. Indians (or First nations), Metis and Inuit, are 3 groups
of distinct peoples with unique histories, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs, and it is unfair to call them one. In Canada today, more than
1.7 million people identify themselves as an Aboriginal person. Amongst the many first nations communities here in Canada, The Algonquin people are
the most recognized since their historic land deal with the federal and provincial government back in October 2016. Originally living in southern
Quebec and eastern Ontario, today, Algonquin people have adapted to living in urban communities across these areas. Due to the changing in lifestyle,
aboriginal people have had to adjust. To them land is much more than something you buy and own, it's the thing that governs their spirituality
intertwining their lives deeply with nature. With a switch in the way they feed themselves, clothes themselves, and protect themselves, it is destined for
them to feel a sense of emptiness in their hearts. Most of Crown owned land has still to be returned today, and the loss of their

The Aboriginal Peoples Of Canada
INTRODUCTION: Concerns of violent victimization and self–destructive tendencies in Aboriginal communities have become a significant issue in
Aboriginal movements worldwide. In Canada, it has taken the specific form of feminist–inspired campaigns for only those Indigenous females that are
missing and murdered. The highly vocalized 2015 campaign for the 42nd Canadian Federal Election drew much attention to the fate of missing and
murdered Indigenous women. However, the attention on females suggests that the inherent implication that Indigenous men's attitudes toward
Indigenous women are the problem and that the men are not victims of violence themselves. This essay will first acknowledge the chronic problem of
violence in the place of Indigenous peoples in first world societies and the continuing social problems that marginalize their position. This paper will
then examine the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, the violence in their communities, and whether or not Indigenous men and their masculinities have an
appropriate place in the national picture regarding the missing and murdered Indigenous women. I will conclude with a consideration of the extent to
which if men do have an appropriate place in the inquiry and which policy recommendations are required to address the issues that Aboriginal people
confront.
GLOBAL VIOLENCE AMONGST INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS:
Violence has become a chronic problem amongst women in Global Indigenous populations and communities. The dominant view is

Aboriginal People Essay
BACKGROUND
Aboriginal people within Canada and around the world are connected and exceptional in "their unique heritages, attachments to homelands, and natural
ways of life", they are also deeply connected in histories of contest and colonization in which they have had to combat efforts aimed at destroying their
material and cultural existence and failed efforts to assimilate or mould them to fit within the configurations of other societies (Taiaiake & Corntassel,
2005, 597). The Aboriginal history is based on the context that they are "occupied peoples who have been dispossessed and disempowered in their own
homelands" (Taiaiake & Corntassel, 2005, 598). Factors of social exclusion as well as political and economic marginalization have greatly affected the
growth of Aboriginal communities. Aboriginal economies were established on traditional methods of subsistence, such as fishing, hunting and
gathering and their existence was centered on natural measures of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Educational achievement has been found to play a significant if not undeviating role in employment and income levels of Aboriginal populations. The
Aboriginal Peoples Survey (2012) referenced by Statistics Canada outlines a direct correlation between levels of educational attainment and
employment, finding that unemployment levels decrease among all groups of Indigenous populations (Metis, Inuit, etc.) when there are higher levels
of educational attainment (high school diploma, post–secondary certificate, diploma or degree) ("Employment", 2015). This emphasizes the fact that
the development of education programs within the Aboriginal community are essential to Aboriginal competitiveness within the labor market, raising
employment and decreasing the income gap between Aboriginal and non–Aboriginal wages. In 2010 this division was $27,000 to $20,000 (Sawchuk,

Aboriginal People In Aboriginal People
Aboriginal people, often known as Indigenous people, refers to the original people of North America and their descendants, including First Nations,
Inuit, and MГ©tis. Data showed that 4.3% of Canada's population is represented by Aboriginal people, which increased by 20.1% between the 2006
and 2011 (Statistics Canada, 2011). Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia had the largest numbers of Aboriginal people
(Statistics Canada, 2011). The median after–tax income for Aboriginal people aged 15 years and older in 2010 was $20,060 (Statistics Canada, 2015).
In a 2014 Canadian income survey conducted by the Government of Canada (2016), 8.8% of Canadians were below the low–income cut–offs and
were living in poverty, 18.7% of Canadians were Indigenous people on living on a reserve. It is important for sociologists and health care
professionals to be aware of the income issues of Aboriginal people in Canada to better understand the social context and health issues that aboriginal
people face daily.
A large number of Aboriginal Canadians struggle with diabetes. According to Gionet and Roshananfshar (2013), four–percent of MГ©tis, two–percent
of Inuits, and six–percent of First Nations living off reserve are living with diabetes in Canada. Diabetes affects the body's production of the hormone,
insulin, that works to regulate the amount of glucose in the body (Canadian Institutes of Health Information 2015). Without the proper treatment,
diabetes can lead to heart

How The Cost Of Shelters And Age Distribution Affects The...
The Relationship Among Aboriginal Population, Age and Shelter Costs
Course: SOC222H
Professor's Name Riva Lieflander
Name: Yingjun Li
Student ID: 1000677957
Date: 04/20/2015
Introduction
The 2006 Census Public Use Microdata File (PUMF) involved a total of 844,476 people. Participants were randomly selected in a manner that
represented all social characteristics that existed among Canadians. Technically, it was estimated that the number represented only 2.7% of the Canadian
population. It is also on record that the 2006 PUMF involved a total of 123 population variables, of which 83% (102) represented individual
variables, while the remaining 17% (21) of all variables used represented family, dwelling, and household variables. The purpose of this research is to
determine how the cost of shelters and age distribution affects the Aboriginal people ofCanada in relation to the 2006 Census Public Use Microdata
File (PUMF) on individuals. The research employs both age distribution and shelter cost as major variables affecting the Aboriginal population. The
research will conduct an inferential statistical analysis on three major variables: Aboriginal population, shelter cost, and age. For the purpose of this
research, both age and shelter costs will be employed as independent variables relating to the overall Aboriginal population, which is the dependent
variable. Another question that the paper aims to research is whether there exists a relationship

Aboriginal peoples in Canada generally represents people who are the Indigenous habitants of Canada constituting of First Nations, Inuit and Metis
(Etowa, Jesty, & Vukic, 2011). The First Nations people are referred to as Indians (status or non
–status), the Inuit people traditionally live in northern
regions including the Arctic and Subarctic areas and previously referred to as Eskimo while the Metis are Aboriginal people with both Aboriginal and
non–Aboriginal ancestors as a result of intermarriage with Europeans (Caron–Malenfant, Simon, Guimonnd, Grondin, & Lebel, 2015). Also, urban
Aboriginal people are those who migrated to the urban areas in search for better opportunities and employment in the 1960s and 1970s and may include
status and

A. The Aboriginal People in Canada
Before starting a discussion about aboriginal education in Canada, it is important to figure out who the aboriginal people in Canada are. According to
a document, Aboriginal Peoples in Canada: First Nations People, MГ©tis and Inuit (National Household Survey, 2011), there are 3 ethnic groups of
the aboriginal people in Canada. In 2011, "First Nations people 851,560 people identified as a First Nations person, representing 60.8% of the total
Aboriginal population and 2.6% of the total Canadian population." The second group is MГ©tis and in the same year, "451,795 people identified as
MГ©tis. They represented 32.3% of the total Aboriginal population and 1.4% of the total Canadian population." The last group is Inuit. "59,445
people identified as Inuit. They represented 4.2% of the total Aboriginal population and 0.2% of the total Canadian population." Because of the fact
that Canada is a country mainly consisted of migrant people, this number of the aboriginal people seems very small. Despite this small number of
them, nobody can deny that they are important members of Canada. They have been living in this country since very long times ago. Moreover,
according to the same document above, "Aboriginal children aged 14 and under made up 28.0% of the total Aboriginal population." It shows that more
than a quarter of them ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to a web document, First Nations Reserves Read RCAP Volume 3 (Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, 2006), "Children were beaten for
speaking their own language, and Aboriginal beliefs were labelled 'pagan'. In many schools, sisters and brothers were forbidden social contact, and the
warmth of the intergenerational Aboriginal family was replaced with sterile institutional child rearing." Moreover, "Many residents endured sexual and
physical abuse." In 2008, Canadian Government officially admitted that and apologized for

Aboriginal People In Australia
Aboriginal people have lived in this land for approximately 60000 years , but there are studies that suggests there could have been aboriginal people
in Australia for up to 120000 years. By the time the British arrived in Australia in 1788 there were approximately 260 different aboriginal groups
speaking around 500 different dialects. Aboriginals lived a semi–nomadic life, moving around an area according to the seasons, and because of this,
material things weren't too important for them, at least not as much as family, relationships, community and spirituality. According to their beliefs, land
has a very important connection with their ancestors. Torres Strait Islander lived in the islands off Queensland, and had contact with Aboriginal tribes

Obesity Among Aboriginal People Essay
Childhood obesity in Aboriginal peoples is not solely dependent on diet and physical activity, it relates to prenatal circumstances, feeding practices,
food insecurity and policies (National Aboriginal Health Organization, 2012). Obesity among Aboriginal children is multifaceted and intersects with
historical, geographical, biological, cultural, social and economic contributing factors. The ecological model (Willows et al., 2012) highlights the
interacting relationships between various factors that play a part in the high rates of childhood obesity in Aboriginal communities. This model
recognizes the overreaching influence of colonization but shows that the community, physical and socio–cultural environment a child lives all play
roles in obesity... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Colonization caused the disempowerment of Aboriginal peoples and limited available resource due to environmental factors and geographical isolation
(Gates et al., 2016). The influence of obesity in Aboriginal children is multidimensional because it affects both the physical and mental health. Obese
children are likely to have poor self image and self–esteem (Thompson, 2015) and they similarly are at risk of growing up to be obese youths and
adults, therefore placing them at risk of mental and physical health conditions throughout their

Residential Schools: Aboriginal People In Canada
Both films document the struggles that many Aboriginal People in Canada face today. Residential schools have had a tremendous impact on
Aboriginal population. The lack of one's identity due to colonization has an intergenerational effect on aboriginal families. Both of these films explore
the issues faced by aboriginals as a direct result of colonization
Both films used
Residential schools are discussed in the two films. The government implemented a policy that made it mandatory that all aboriginal children were too
attend these schools. The plan was assimilation of the aboriginal population by "killing the Indian in the child". The hope was that these kids would
grow up with the dominant white man's culture and values and pass that on to

A BRIEF HISTORY OF FIRST NATIONS COLONIZATION AND I
MPACTS
10 000 years ago– Aboriginal Peoples lived in BC, among them myriad bands and tribes, each with their own rich cultural and spiritual practices, and
different languages. Despite a traumatic recent history, these bands and nations remain an active part of the BC landscape.
Colonization:
Mid 1700's– European explorers arrive and begin to establish claims
1763 – King George III recognizes Aboriginal rights and title to land through the Royal
Proclamation. However, the new settlers are given permission to colonize and purchase First Nations lands.
1820– Industrial and residential school system opened and run by Christian churches
1830–Indian Reservation System created reserves ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When they returned to their families, carrying the shame, self–hatred and violence, communities were disoriented. Families no longer understood or
trusted one another, and became fragmented. Survivors struggled with the impact of abuse and neglect, and consequently, some have passed on the
same patterns to their own children.
As a result, First Nations communities have a higher rate of suicide (6 X higher than mainstream society), addictions, health problems, diabetes (3 X
higher), unemployment, illiteracy, high school drop out (63 % do not graduate), and domestic abuse, violence and sexual abuse (3–6 X higher). While
continuing to live through the impacts of trauma, Aboriginal people endure racism, external and internalized oppression, which contributes to further
alienation. Aboriginal Healing:
However, throughout this painful history, there has always been a strong Aboriginal counter movement. Through much protest and struggle, many of
the bans on Aboriginal way of life has been lifted, laws have been changed, churches have offered apologies, and the Canadian government is in treaty
negotiations with many First Nations. The legacy of pain and abuse is being acknowledged and many elders, activists, and members of our community
are working together to heal generations of wounded Survivors. Many Aboriginal groups are reclaiming cultural and spiritual identity, and educating
Non–Aboriginals on their history and experience. It is a time

The Needs of CanadaвЂ™s Aboriginal People and Youthful...
Did you know that in 2006, the number of aboriginal people in Canada surpassed one million? This means that the aboriginals represented 3.8% of the
total population in Canada. Even though this number is much smaller than the non–aboriginal population, they have an impact on Canada, in the north
and south. Unfortunately, some of the aboriginal groups do not have a stable way of living and the Canadian government is very selective when
helping them. Overall, I want to be able to help the First Nation people receive the funding they need to have a thriving economic workforce.
Firstly, the aboriginal people do not have enough jobs and educational buildings to support the large population of young people. Almost half the
aboriginal people in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I believe that the aboriginal people need better health care and housing. According to Health Canada First Nation people and Inuit people are more at
risk to receive HIV. In a trend over the past few years, it has been seen that natives are being infected at a significantly younger age than non–aboriginal
people. This could be because the aboriginal people are treated differently in Canada so that they don't receive the same health coverage that the rest
of the Canadians do. It is unfortunate that the highest cause of HIV transition between aboriginal people is injection drugs. The Canadian
government should be enforcing the same drug laws that we have in other parts of Canada on the reserves. It is known that Aboriginal people have
adjusted some of the laws on their reserves to accompany their customs and culture. Yet, the HIV count is rising in the aboriginal people, and if not
properly taken care of, people may be more prone to different diseases. Also, some health care benefits that we receive are not translated to the
aboriginal population. In the aboriginal regions, people live in a large home and hold many relatives and a few different families. With more young
people, there will eventually be inadequate room for living. The government should use this opportunity to build houses and give the jobs to

History
The first people, or aboriginal people, of Canada consists of the Inuits, MГ©tis, and various groups of Indians referred to as the First Nations.
Although all three groups are considered aboriginal, the very first people to settle in Canada were the First Nations. They were followed by the
MГ©tis, and finally Inuits. Various pieces of information, such as bones and artifacts, show that the First nations arrived atCanada right after the last
Ice age, which is approximately 12,000 years ago. At that time, America and Asia were joined by a land bridge, and people were spreading across the
world. Scientists believe that a group of nomadic hunters followed big game from Asia to present day Alaska. Then, they spread across Canada, and
settled. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Canada purchased the middle west from the Hudson's Bay Company, leading to the formation of the provinces of Manitoba, founded in 1870,
Alberta, founded in 1905, and Saskatchewan, also founded in 1905. At the same time, the provinces of British Columbia (1871) and Prince Edward
Island (1873) joined. In 1885, a railway was constructed, linking the majority of the provinces and stretching from coast to coast. Canada, officially
known as the Dominion of Canada, is divided into provinces and territories. These provinces and territories include the provinces of Alberta, British
Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Prince Edward Island, while the territories consist of
the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Yukon. The national anthem of Canada is named "O Canada." It was originally planned as music for a
ceremony in 1880, composed by Calixa LavallГ©e. Later, the poet Sir Adolphe–Basile Routhier wrote lyrics, in French. The lyrics were translated in
1906, but a person named Robert Stanley Weir wrote a different version in 1908. His version became the commonly used version, and has been
revised twice. Shown below are the lyrics for the french, the french translated, and the official

Essay On Aboriginal People And Hunger
Introduction In 2011, Canada was ranked 9th in the Human Development Index (HDI) and is one of the most developed countries in the world, yet
over half of their Indigenous population lives in poverty and suffers from hunger. There are approximately 1.4 million Aboriginal persons in Canada
according to a 2011 report by Statistics Canada. A large amount of people speculate why there are so many people suffering in such a highly
developed country. The causes of Aboriginal suffering and hunger are believed to be the lack of education and health issues that then lead to the
primary cause of hunger which is poverty. Educational Issues Lack of educational resources in Indigenous communities has an effect on the jobs and
levels of income of Aboriginal... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CBC News reported an article stating that the average annual salary for half the Aboriginal population was near $20,000 whereas annual food
costs for a year is just above $19,000. Queen's Native Student Association illustrates the cost of certain food items in northern Indigenous
communities in Canada such as the following items; a 24 water bottle pack of $105, a $35 bag of flour, and peppers costing over $17. These
prices are caused by some of the geographical positions of certain communities such as Nunavut, as it is very expensive to transport. With these
numbers, it is an obvious reason why food is unaffordable and people cannot provide meat for their large families and themselves as individuals. As
a result, 64% of Food Bank users are Indigenous persons (CFTC 2014), a large portion of them being children. Over half of the users are Indigenous
even though they only account for 4% of Canada's total population. As shown by Amber Hildebrandt on CBC, children suffer the most from hunger;
around 70% feel that food insecurity is a very big part of their lives (Nunavut Inuit Child Survey, 2007–08). In present day Canada, CBC News reported
that there are now more than half of the First Nation children officially living in poverty. Governments could provide more services and programs that
would diminish these shocking

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