This document discusses abnormalities of the T wave seen on electrocardiograms. It describes normal T waves, inverted T waves, and tall T waves. Normal T waves are upright in most leads and taller in certain precordial leads. Inverted T waves can be caused by ischemia, infarction, ventricular hypertrophy, bundle branch blocks, and other conditions. Tall T waves are considered abnormal if they exceed certain voltage thresholds and can be caused by hyperkalemia or ischemia. The document also lists which coronary arteries supply certain leads to help localize ischemia.

1. ABNORMALITIES OF T
WAVE
Made By:- Muskan Kapoor

2. NORMAL T WAVE
● It is produced by rapid phase of
ventricular repolarization.
● It is upright in most leads
except aVR, L3, V1.
● It is taller in V6 than in lead
V1 and taller in L1 than in L3.
● It does not exceed 5 mm in
height in the limb leads and 10
mm in precordial leads.

3. INVERTED T WAVE
● Inversion of T wave is often associated with
depression of ST segment.
● A subtle evidence of myocardial ischemia is
that T wave amplitude in lead L1 is less than
in L3 and that in lead V6 is less than in V1.
● Causes :- pharmacological (digitalis)
- Myocardial (cardiomyopathy , myocarditis)
- Ischemia (infarction)
- Ventricular hypertrophy
- Bundle branch block
- WPW syndrome
- Hypokalemia

5. ● In leads L1, aVL, V5, V6
- LVH
- LBBB
- Lateral wall infarction
- Digitalis toxicity
● In lead V1, V2, V3
- Anteroseptal infarction
- RVH
- RBBB
- WPW syndrome
- Acute pulmonary embolism
● In lead L2, L3, aVF
- Inferior wall infarction
- MVP syndrome

6. TALL T WAVE
● If voltage is more than 5mm in standard
leads and 10 mm in precordial than it is
considered as tall T wave.
● Causes :- hyperkalemia
- Myocardial ischemia
Coronary artery Leads
LAD V1, V2,V3,V4
LCX L1, aVL, V5,V6
RCA L2, L3, aVF