This document summarizes research on analyzing and designing underground tunnel support using the finite element method (FEM). It first discusses geophysical studies and geoelectric surveys used to understand subsurface geology. It then reviews literature on seismic performance of underground structures, the effects of tunnels on driving, design of underwater float tunnels, and technology for underwater tunnel construction. The methodology section describes core drilling and geophysical logging for site investigation. The goal is to obtain better support measures like rock bolting and shotcrete thickness based on rock mass quality assessments and FEM modeling.
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Performance based design of Tall RC Structures considering Uncertainty in pla...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the performance of tall reinforced concrete (RC) structures considering uncertainty in plastic hinge length. The study models a 7-story RC building in SAP2000 and conducts nonlinear pushover analysis using different plastic hinge length formulas. The results show that the base shear and displacement capacity of the building are similar for different plastic hinge length formulas, indicating that uncertainty in plastic hinge length does not significantly affect building performance. User-defined hinge models better reflect nonlinear behavior compared to default hinge models. However, default hinge models can also be used if their limitations are understood.
SURVEYING AND DESIGNING OF WATER DISTRIBUTION LINE AND ESRIRJET Journal
This document discusses surveying and designing a water distribution line and elevated surface reservoir (ESR) in India. It involves collecting data on population and water needs through surveying the area. This data is used to determine the diameter of water pipes and ESR capacity. The ESR is designed using STAAD-Pro software to analyze loads like dead load, wind load, and seismic load. Design of the ESR structure is done as per Indian codes and standards. Surveying plays an important role in designing water distribution infrastructure and software helps analyze designs.
IRJET- Seismic Forces on Transmission Line TowerIRJET Journal
This document analyzes seismic forces on transmission line towers located in different earthquake zones and soil conditions. It summarizes the analysis of cross braced and diagonally braced transmission line towers using STAAD Pro software. The towers are 35m high with a square base and located in Zone III and IV seismic zones on hard, medium, and soft soils. The analysis considers dead loads, wind loads, and earthquake loads. Results are presented for member forces and support reactions for different load combinations. The maximum axial forces, moments and reactions are compared for the different tower designs, soil types, and seismic zones considered in the study.
Review on: Comparative study between Lattice Tower and MonopoleIRJET Journal
The document presents a comparative study between lattice towers and monopole towers for telecommunication purposes. It summarizes past research that found monopoles require less material and space than lattice towers. The study models towers of varying heights in STAAD Pro software to analyze dead and wind loads. Results show monopoles provide adequate support for telecommunications equipment while using less steel than equivalent lattice towers. However, lattice towers have lower displacements in high winds. Overall, the document concludes monopoles are a preferable alternative to traditional lattice towers for telecommunications.
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This document summarizes research on modeling and validating single layer geodesic dome structures with various height to span ratios. Six geodesic dome models were developed with CADRE pro 6 evaluation software for different frequencies and height to span ratios. The models were then analyzed in SAP2000 software and results were validated against an existing study. Validation showed good agreement between the software results, with variations between 0.17-0.54% for different dome configurations. The research demonstrated SAP2000 can accurately model and analyze geodesic dome structures.
Response Spectrum and Time History Analysis of a Multistorey BuildingIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the response spectrum and time history analysis of a 15-story building model using ETABS software. The building was subjected to seismic analysis to determine displacements, storey shears, and stiffness under earthquake forces. Both response spectrum analysis and time history analysis were conducted. The response spectrum analysis produced plots of storey displacement, storey shear, and storey stiffness. The time history analysis generated response spectrum plots and time history plots showing the variation in results between the two analysis methods. The study concluded the multi-story building designed to code was able to resist seismic forces based on the analysis results.
Design and Analysis of Water Distribution System Using Solar and SiphonIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and analysis of a water distribution system for Mhasoli village in India using solar power and siphons. It details the population data collection, water demand calculation, and modeling of the distribution network using Bentley WaterGEMS software. The study found that a 200mm diameter siphon and a solar system with 5 panels could meet the village's water needs based on projected population growth over 50 years.
Parametric investigation of cable stayed bridge using macro based programeSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on the parametric investigation of a 240m long cable stayed bridge using a macro-based program. The program allows for automatic generation of cable stayed bridge models in SAP2000 by varying parameters like pylon height, width and depth, number of cables, and central panel length. Analysis of models showed that increasing pylon and deck stiffness increases bending moments, while increasing pylon height, number of cables, and central panel length decreases bending moments in the deck and pylon. The program is an efficient tool for parametric analysis of cable stayed bridges to determine optimal structural configurations.
Performance based design of Tall RC Structures considering Uncertainty in pla...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the performance of tall reinforced concrete (RC) structures considering uncertainty in plastic hinge length. The study models a 7-story RC building in SAP2000 and conducts nonlinear pushover analysis using different plastic hinge length formulas. The results show that the base shear and displacement capacity of the building are similar for different plastic hinge length formulas, indicating that uncertainty in plastic hinge length does not significantly affect building performance. User-defined hinge models better reflect nonlinear behavior compared to default hinge models. However, default hinge models can also be used if their limitations are understood.
SURVEYING AND DESIGNING OF WATER DISTRIBUTION LINE AND ESRIRJET Journal
This document discusses surveying and designing a water distribution line and elevated surface reservoir (ESR) in India. It involves collecting data on population and water needs through surveying the area. This data is used to determine the diameter of water pipes and ESR capacity. The ESR is designed using STAAD-Pro software to analyze loads like dead load, wind load, and seismic load. Design of the ESR structure is done as per Indian codes and standards. Surveying plays an important role in designing water distribution infrastructure and software helps analyze designs.
IRJET- Seismic Forces on Transmission Line TowerIRJET Journal
This document analyzes seismic forces on transmission line towers located in different earthquake zones and soil conditions. It summarizes the analysis of cross braced and diagonally braced transmission line towers using STAAD Pro software. The towers are 35m high with a square base and located in Zone III and IV seismic zones on hard, medium, and soft soils. The analysis considers dead loads, wind loads, and earthquake loads. Results are presented for member forces and support reactions for different load combinations. The maximum axial forces, moments and reactions are compared for the different tower designs, soil types, and seismic zones considered in the study.
Review on: Comparative study between Lattice Tower and MonopoleIRJET Journal
The document presents a comparative study between lattice towers and monopole towers for telecommunication purposes. It summarizes past research that found monopoles require less material and space than lattice towers. The study models towers of varying heights in STAAD Pro software to analyze dead and wind loads. Results show monopoles provide adequate support for telecommunications equipment while using less steel than equivalent lattice towers. However, lattice towers have lower displacements in high winds. Overall, the document concludes monopoles are a preferable alternative to traditional lattice towers for telecommunications.
IRJET- Modelling & Validation of Single Layer Geodesic Dome with Various Heig...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on modeling and validating single layer geodesic dome structures with various height to span ratios. Six geodesic dome models were developed with CADRE pro 6 evaluation software for different frequencies and height to span ratios. The models were then analyzed in SAP2000 software and results were validated against an existing study. Validation showed good agreement between the software results, with variations between 0.17-0.54% for different dome configurations. The research demonstrated SAP2000 can accurately model and analyze geodesic dome structures.
Response Spectrum and Time History Analysis of a Multistorey BuildingIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the response spectrum and time history analysis of a 15-story building model using ETABS software. The building was subjected to seismic analysis to determine displacements, storey shears, and stiffness under earthquake forces. Both response spectrum analysis and time history analysis were conducted. The response spectrum analysis produced plots of storey displacement, storey shear, and storey stiffness. The time history analysis generated response spectrum plots and time history plots showing the variation in results between the two analysis methods. The study concluded the multi-story building designed to code was able to resist seismic forces based on the analysis results.
Design and Analysis of Water Distribution System Using Solar and SiphonIRJET Journal
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Seismic Analysis of Telecommunication Tower using Viscous DamperIRJET Journal
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IRJET - Dynamic Analysis of Steel Truss Bridge under Various Combinational Mo...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the dynamic behavior of a steel truss bridge under various combinational moving loads. A truss bridge model is created in STAAD Pro software and subjected to dead loads, live loads, seismic loads, and moving vehicle loads according to Indian codes. Natural frequencies of the bridge are determined for different load combinations including seismic loads alone and with moving loads. It is observed that natural frequencies are higher for load combinations of seismic and moving loads compared to seismic and static vehicle loads. Mode shapes of the bridge are also identified under seismic loading.
Design and Simulation of a Water Supply System for Eramala PanchayatIRJET Journal
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COMPARATIVE STUDY ON RC BEAM COLUMN JOINT USING BOTH ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMEN...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study on reinforced concrete beam-column joints using both analytical and experimental methods. A beam-column joint was designed, cast, and tested according to Indian code IS 456-2000. The same design was also modeled in ANSYS software using finite element analysis. The results of bending moment, shear force, and deflections from the experimental testing were then compared to the analytical ANSYS model results. The study found that the ANSYS software provided more accurate results compared to manual calculations and could help optimize joint design dimensions for improved safety and economy.
As catastrophic bridge collapse accidents not only cause significant loss of property, but also have a severe social impact. Therefore, the structural health monitoring of bridges for damage detection by vibration analysis gets more attention. Reinforced concrete bridges are the most common and extended structures present in the worldwide. These structures are often characterized by Piers, Abutments, deck slabs. This paper looks on the work of modelling and analysis of bridge in STAAD.Pro software, and the specific bridge model is taken of a particular span. It is subjected to vary Young’s modulus (E) in the mid span of bridge deck slab to induce damage in order to obtain maximum bending moment, as the structural strength reduces. From the analysis Mu/bd2 values from SP 16 code is used to identify the damage on the bridge deck slab, then natural frequency of the bridge, mode shapes, variation of the deflection and node displacements of bridge deck slab under the action of static and dynamic load at different aspect ratios with original design parameters and at failure is carried out in this project.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of RCC Framed Structure(G+5) by using STAAD.Pr...IRJET Journal
1. The document describes the analysis and design of a G+5 residential building using STAAD.Pro and STAAD.etc software.
2. The building is modeled in STAAD.Pro, loads are applied, and the structure is analyzed to obtain shear forces and bending moments. Beams, columns, slabs, and pile caps are then designed using both STAAD.etc and manual calculations.
3. The analysis and design are compared to validate the results and determine the safe and economical design of the building.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Crack Detection and Damage Index in Conventional...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on crack detection and damage assessment in conventional concrete and copper slag replaced concrete using smart aggregates with embedded piezoelectric sensors. The study aims to identify crack initiation, evaluate the feasibility of using smart aggregates in different concretes, and determine the severity of damage using a damage index. Specimens including cubes, cylinders and prisms made of conventional concrete and concretes with 20% and 40% replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag were tested. Piezoelectric sensors embedded in the specimens measured voltage changes at increasing loads, allowing identification of cracking and calculation of a damage index to quantify damage. Test results showed maximum damage occurred at specific loads for each specimen type and age, with higher damage
Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Conventional and Electrical Constructio...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study on the effectiveness of conventional and electrical construction equipment. It begins with an abstract that summarizes the research objectives to compare productivity data from electrical and conventional equipment firms and evaluate available electrical equipment.
The introduction provides background on construction machinery and outlines the research aims to explore feasibility and benefits of electric equipment over conventional options in terms of performance, energy use, and environmental impact. It also discusses potential barriers to electric equipment adoption and an evaluation framework.
The literature review covers past research on construction equipment emissions and viewpoints from experts on opportunities for electric vehicles to reduce the construction sector's carbon footprint and local air pollution.
The methodology, data collection, and case studies describe how quantitative and qualitative data
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This document describes the design and analysis of a residential multi-story building (G+5) using ETABS software. The building is designed using AutoCAD and ETABS to analyze stresses in slabs, beams, columns, floors, walls and footings. Load calculations are performed for dead loads, live loads, lateral loads, axial loads, and seismic or wind loads according to Indian codes. The analysis checks stresses and load capacities of the entire structural system, including reinforcement requirements for columns and staircases. Footings are designed based on soil bearing capacity. The results obtained from analyzing the building structure in ETABS are also discussed.
IRJET- Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on using smart sensors to monitor damage levels and load-deflection characteristics of reinforced concrete beams. An experimental study was conducted on a 1m x 0.15m x 0.15m RCC beam specimen. PZT sensors were used to sense vibrations from microcracks and macrocracks during loading. Data from the sensors was acquired using an Arduino system and analyzed to observe increasing damage levels correlated with rising load and amplitudes. Results showed the sensors could detect initial microcracks and identify the most damaged area. This smart sensor technique allows for structural health monitoring and has potential applications in alerting systems for safety of high-rise structures.
This document discusses using carbon nanotubes to enable health monitoring of concrete structures. It summarizes that carbon nanotubes can be added to concrete to make it electrically conductive and sense damage before failure occurs due to their piezoresistive properties. Testing showed that concrete with carbon nanotubes had higher compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths compared to conventional concrete without nanotubes. The addition of carbon nanotubes allows for microcracks in concrete to be detected, enabling early evacuation before structural failure.
Seismic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Building Using Fluid Viscous DamperIRJET Journal
The document analyzes the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings with and without fluid viscous dampers through modeling 4 building models in ETABS and conducting time history and response spectrum analyses. The results show that the model with dampers placed at the 3rd story performed the best in reducing response quantities like base shear and story displacements compared to the bare frame building and buildings with dampers at other story locations. Placing dampers at the 3rd story was found to be the optimal location for minimizing seismic response of the building.
Numerical Study of Wire Mesh Orientation on Retrofitted RC Beams using Ferroc...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a numerical study using finite element analysis to investigate the behavior of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted with ferrocement jackets containing different wire mesh orientations. Four beams were modeled and analyzed: a control beam without retrofitting and beams retrofitted with 0°, 45°, and 60° wire mesh orientations. The analysis found that the beam with a 45° wire mesh orientation exhibited the highest load carrying capacity and lowest deflection compared to the other beams. All of the retrofitted beams also showed an increase in ductility ratio compared to the control beam.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CFDST COLUMN UNDER AXIAL LOADINGIRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on Circular-Filled Double-Skin Tubular (CFDST) columns under axial loading. CFDST columns with circular hollow section inner and outer tubes are tested to investigate their behavior and properties. The testing involves subjecting CFDST column specimens to axial compression loads using a Universal Testing Machine to determine load-carrying capacity, deformation patterns, and failure mechanisms. Results from the experimental testing are then validated using finite element analysis in ANSYS software. The study finds reasonable agreement between computational predictions and experimental results, providing validation of the computational models.
IRJET- Comparative Study of High Rise Building Subjected to Seismic and Wind ...IRJET Journal
This document compares the results of analyzing and designing a 7-story reinforced concrete building using CYPECAD and ETABS software. Both programs were used to model the building and analyze it under wind, seismic, and gravity loads. The results, such as shear forces, bending moments, storey displacement and drift, were then compared between the two programs. Generally, CYPECAD produced higher maximum values for storey displacement and drift compared to ETABS. For shear forces and bending moments, CYPECAD gave higher values for some load cases and ETABS gave higher values for others. The maximum values from both programs occurred under seismic loading. The document concludes that CYPECAD provides quicker analysis and design but both programs can adequately analyze a
IRJET - Remote Sensing of Potholes and Measurement of Pothole Volume using Ul...IRJET Journal
This document describes a project to detect and measure the volume of potholes using ultrasonic sensors mounted on a vehicle. The sensors measure the distance from the sensor to the road surface and store these readings. The data is then analyzed to identify potholes and accurately estimate their volume. This information can be used for road maintenance planning. The system uses Arduino and ultrasonic sensors to autonomously detect and measure potholes. It aims to promote road safety by reducing hazards from potholes and make maintenance more efficient.
IRJET- Lateral Stiffness of Framed Structures for Lateral LoadsIRJET Journal
The document discusses methods for calculating the lateral stiffness of framed structures. It begins by noting the importance of evaluating stiffness for seismic design codes. Several approximate methods for calculating storey stiffness are compared, but accurate methods using finite element analysis have been less studied. The study aims to compare different accurate methods for calculating storey stiffness using analytical software models. A 4-storey reinforced concrete frame structure is modeled and different analysis methods are applied to calculate storey stiffnesses, including applying point loads at different locations and calculating drifts. Results will help identify the most accurate and practical method for engineers.
IRJET- Proposal of a New Bridge Across Pooyamkutty RiverIRJET Journal
- The document proposes a new bridge parallel to an existing bridge in Pooyamkutty, India that frequently floods.
- A survey was conducted and it was determined that the new bridge should have a greater height above the high flood level and a wider span to allow larger objects to pass beneath it.
- The proposed bridge design includes two lanes, a length of 108 meters, a deck slab elevation of 104 meters, and six spans of 18 meters each. The superstructure and substructure were modeled and designed using STAAD Pro software and following Indian design codes.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF DC MICROGRID PROTECTION TECHNIQUESIRJET Journal
This document provides a comprehensive review of DC microgrid protection techniques. It discusses the key challenges in protecting DC microgrids, including the fast rise of DC fault currents and lack of a natural zero crossing point. The document analyzes different aspects of DC microgrid protection, including DC fault characteristics, grounding systems, fault detection methods like overcurrent, derivative, and distance protection, protective devices, and fault localization techniques. It provides an in-depth analysis of each topic and discusses emerging trends in DC microgrid protection.
Critical Comparative Study of Dynamic Wind Response of Tall Buildings Using G...IRJET Journal
This document presents a critical comparative study of the dynamic wind response of tall buildings using the gust effectiveness factor method. 14 building models ranging from 16 to 50 stories were analyzed using ETABS software. The study found that dynamic wind load response is nonlinear and parabolic with increasing building height, while static wind load response is linear. Response parameters like story drift, force and displacement were compared for buildings with different aspect ratios, number of stories, and ground conditions. Dynamic wind load caused greater response than static wind load. Response generally increased with higher aspect ratios and number of stories. Buildings on sloping ground also exhibited higher response compared to those on flat ground. The study provides valuable insights into tall building design for wind load conditions.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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IRJET- Lateral Stiffness of Framed Structures for Lateral LoadsIRJET Journal
The document discusses methods for calculating the lateral stiffness of framed structures. It begins by noting the importance of evaluating stiffness for seismic design codes. Several approximate methods for calculating storey stiffness are compared, but accurate methods using finite element analysis have been less studied. The study aims to compare different accurate methods for calculating storey stiffness using analytical software models. A 4-storey reinforced concrete frame structure is modeled and different analysis methods are applied to calculate storey stiffnesses, including applying point loads at different locations and calculating drifts. Results will help identify the most accurate and practical method for engineers.
IRJET- Proposal of a New Bridge Across Pooyamkutty RiverIRJET Journal
- The document proposes a new bridge parallel to an existing bridge in Pooyamkutty, India that frequently floods.
- A survey was conducted and it was determined that the new bridge should have a greater height above the high flood level and a wider span to allow larger objects to pass beneath it.
- The proposed bridge design includes two lanes, a length of 108 meters, a deck slab elevation of 104 meters, and six spans of 18 meters each. The superstructure and substructure were modeled and designed using STAAD Pro software and following Indian design codes.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF DC MICROGRID PROTECTION TECHNIQUESIRJET Journal
This document provides a comprehensive review of DC microgrid protection techniques. It discusses the key challenges in protecting DC microgrids, including the fast rise of DC fault currents and lack of a natural zero crossing point. The document analyzes different aspects of DC microgrid protection, including DC fault characteristics, grounding systems, fault detection methods like overcurrent, derivative, and distance protection, protective devices, and fault localization techniques. It provides an in-depth analysis of each topic and discusses emerging trends in DC microgrid protection.
Critical Comparative Study of Dynamic Wind Response of Tall Buildings Using G...IRJET Journal
This document presents a critical comparative study of the dynamic wind response of tall buildings using the gust effectiveness factor method. 14 building models ranging from 16 to 50 stories were analyzed using ETABS software. The study found that dynamic wind load response is nonlinear and parabolic with increasing building height, while static wind load response is linear. Response parameters like story drift, force and displacement were compared for buildings with different aspect ratios, number of stories, and ground conditions. Dynamic wind load caused greater response than static wind load. Response generally increased with higher aspect ratios and number of stories. Buildings on sloping ground also exhibited higher response compared to those on flat ground. The study provides valuable insights into tall building design for wind load conditions.
Similar to A Review study on the Analysis and Design of Underground Tunnel Support by FEM (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.