In order to improve the quality of life for people, smart cities are a modern urban concept. Various
smart technologies are grouped together in order to increase the comfort of human life. This paper highlights the
various technologies that are merged together for building a smart city in a developing country like India. Another
major aspect of the paper focuses on the kind of technological combinations and their effects used to plan and
build a smart city. Finally, the paper concludes by providing an overview of the present status and various
challenges faced during the development of smart cities in the Indian scenarios.
SMART CITIES CHALLENGES IN INDIA -CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI CITYDr. C.VIJAI
The current study is based on smart city initiatives led by Honourable
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Government; to enhance the life quality
of Indian citizen and residents which has been gaining increasing
importance in the agendas of policymakers. This paper provides with a
comprehensive understanding of the notion of sc through the
elaboration of natural resources and energy, transport and mobility,
buildings, living, government, and economy and people. Results reveal
that a lot of strategies are yet to be decided by the government since
the concept of smart cities is very new in India and there are lot of
challenges that would be faced by the government during the
implementation stage of the smart city project. This paper focuses on
the concept of smart city as the Government of India launched the
smart city project for developing 100 smart cities in the country and
also concentrates on the challenges as well as the key areas for
development of smart cities in India along with the case study of
Chennai.
ICT-MECHANISMS OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN TAIPEI CITY AS A SMART...ijcsit
ICT-enabled service innovation is needed to provide a better service in a smart city. An example of ICTenabled
service innovation is intelligent transportation system (ITS) in Taipei City, Taiwan. We developed
a eight ICT-mechanisms that support development of service innovation in smart city. This study found that
ontime resource control was the most important mechanism. The expectation of this study is make easier
another city to develop a smart city’s concept.
This webinar was hosted on Wednesday, September 23 2015 from 4:00 – 5:00 pm IST (local time) and was presented by Amit Bhatt, Strategy Head – Urban Transport, EMBARQ India.
On 21 June 2015, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched a bold, new initiative - The Smart Cities Mission. The conceptualization of this mission is based on achieving an enhanced livability index in cities and boost public transportation, communication and water, gas and electricity supply. Additionally, this mission will also promote the utilization of technological innovations and familiarize people with e-management as the core of infrastructure. These ‘Smart’ Solutions will in turn drive economic growth. The initiative focuses on the sustainable and inclusive development of cities with the idea of looking at compact areas and creating a replicable model for other aspiring cities.
This webinar discussed what should India’s smart cities aspire to become for their citizens and how should policy makers approach the planning of smart cities.
Webinar Recording - http://embarqindiahub.org/webinars/why-smart-cites-mission-matters-india
Upcoming Webinars - http://embarqindiahub.org/e-learning/webinars
SMART CITIES CHALLENGES IN INDIA -CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI CITYDr. C.VIJAI
The current study is based on smart city initiatives led by Honourable
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Government; to enhance the life quality
of Indian citizen and residents which has been gaining increasing
importance in the agendas of policymakers. This paper provides with a
comprehensive understanding of the notion of sc through the
elaboration of natural resources and energy, transport and mobility,
buildings, living, government, and economy and people. Results reveal
that a lot of strategies are yet to be decided by the government since
the concept of smart cities is very new in India and there are lot of
challenges that would be faced by the government during the
implementation stage of the smart city project. This paper focuses on
the concept of smart city as the Government of India launched the
smart city project for developing 100 smart cities in the country and
also concentrates on the challenges as well as the key areas for
development of smart cities in India along with the case study of
Chennai.
ICT-MECHANISMS OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN TAIPEI CITY AS A SMART...ijcsit
ICT-enabled service innovation is needed to provide a better service in a smart city. An example of ICTenabled
service innovation is intelligent transportation system (ITS) in Taipei City, Taiwan. We developed
a eight ICT-mechanisms that support development of service innovation in smart city. This study found that
ontime resource control was the most important mechanism. The expectation of this study is make easier
another city to develop a smart city’s concept.
This webinar was hosted on Wednesday, September 23 2015 from 4:00 – 5:00 pm IST (local time) and was presented by Amit Bhatt, Strategy Head – Urban Transport, EMBARQ India.
On 21 June 2015, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched a bold, new initiative - The Smart Cities Mission. The conceptualization of this mission is based on achieving an enhanced livability index in cities and boost public transportation, communication and water, gas and electricity supply. Additionally, this mission will also promote the utilization of technological innovations and familiarize people with e-management as the core of infrastructure. These ‘Smart’ Solutions will in turn drive economic growth. The initiative focuses on the sustainable and inclusive development of cities with the idea of looking at compact areas and creating a replicable model for other aspiring cities.
This webinar discussed what should India’s smart cities aspire to become for their citizens and how should policy makers approach the planning of smart cities.
Webinar Recording - http://embarqindiahub.org/webinars/why-smart-cites-mission-matters-india
Upcoming Webinars - http://embarqindiahub.org/e-learning/webinars
Technological Challenges in Managing and Operating a Smart City: Planning for...Biplav Srivastava
This talk discusses smart city in Indian context and how Data/Open and AI/Planning can help in tackling them. Given as part of IEEE Workshop on Technologies for Planning and Acting in Real World Systems at Bangalore, India on 4th Sep, 2015.
In his budget speech, Union Finance Minister Arjun Jaitley
said that “unless new cities are developed to accommodate
the burgeoning number of people, the existing cities would
soon become unliveable.” Modi wants to build over a 100
smart cities to deal with the rapidly increasing urbanisation,
traffic congestion and decreasing quality of people’s lives
and the environment. Fiscal constraints demand diligence
and that global ‘smart solutions’ be tailored to suit this
emerging economy where even basic amenities are hard to
come by for millions.
Smart City Readiness based on Smart City Council’s Readiness Framework IJECEIAES
The level of urbanization which may impact on urban problems could be resolved through city development enabled and supported by the advanced ICT to build the city smart. To develop the city smart, the readiness of smart cities enablers should be assessed. The study was conducted based on pilot study through a survey on the smart city readiness. The analysis of smart city readiness in Yogyakarta showed that the evaluation of smart city projects implemented partially; only operational and asset optimization, and access to comprehensive device management implemented over 50%. Smart city readiness not only be measured by technological aspect but also need to be measured as non-technological aspects. Thus, measurement of readiness smart city can be more comprehensive.
Creation of Smart City is the part of a valuable jouney.
We will request our friends to understand the basics to regulate the smart city .We will request to must read and pass on to understand the other regarding smart city
Smart Cities - Models Projects Innovation. Asociación Española Telecomunicaci...Smart City
We analyze and compare eight city cases in three continents to find out differences and commonalities in smart city governance and public policies globally: Shanghai (China), Japan, Iskandar (Malaysia), New York (United States), and Amsterdam, Málaga, Santander, Tarragona (Europe). The report shows different ways to address the definition of smart, followed by the particular implementation of the smart concept in particular settings.
Smart city is an internationally booming phenomenon. The concept of
City” is been used widely across
contexts. A smart city has to be well outlined
services, a good environment
of the citizens of the nation
of any nation. It is extremely essential for administration of India to offer well
informed urban communities in different states as a piece of financial advancement. In
view of the escalated investigation of exhibit writing surveys from different healing
territories, we recognize eight basic components of shrewd city activity:
"administration and association, innovation, administration, arrangement setting,
individuals and networks, economy, manufactured framework, and common habitat".
The basic role of this examination
up a major opportunity of the brilliant city transport even in the wake of being the
cleanest city. The examination depends on optional
gathered from different newspaper articles,
investigation, the investigator
in getting a "Smart City" tag.
An expansive set of schemes and initiatives like SMART Cities, AMRUT Mission, Swachh Bharat, etc. by the government are aimed at urban development. This move of the government presents many business & investment opportunities in this sector to transform the urban regions of India. Gujarat, already a fast developing state of the nation has various initiatives to enable it to achieve world class infrastructure & living standards.
Smart Cities: Smarter Solutions for better tomorrowResurgent India
It is estimated that by 2030, 40% of India’s population will be living in urban areas and contributing 75% of GDP. On account of the ongoing rural-to-urban migration, an estimated 400 million people are expected to migrate to cities over the next 15 years.
Concept note on 100 Indian smart citiesPhani Mohan K
The 35-page blue print includes various suggestions on operational procedures, approval process for proposals, nature and extent of Central Government support on financing, capacity building, which would be useful for further discussions.
It outlines in detail about the several facilities that would be developed in smart cities including reliable utility services,efficient social infrastructure and a smart transport system, which would restrict the travel time within the city to 30 to 45 minutes, 100 per cent coverage of road network with storm water drainage network and 100 per cent access to toilets.
All smart cities will need to have a master plan valid for the next 10 years in addition to having digitised spatial maps, regularly updated open data platforms, amongst other benchmarks specified in the Annexures of the concept note.
Physical infrastructure such as the urban mobility system, the housing stock, energy system, water supply system, drainage system, solid waste management and sewerage system etc will have to be integrated through the use of geospatial technology.
Universal access to electricity and water 24 X 7 will be a given.
The municipal offices will have to be fully automated so that citizens have the ability to seek and the municipal offices the ability to deliver services in real time, through IT based facilities.
In terms of social infrastructure, good and high quality education, healthcare and entertainment services are essential.
Adoption of energy-efficient and environmentally benign practices in the use of building material, transport system, sewerage and water supply systems, street lighting, air-conditioning systems and energy consumption in buildings will be non-negotiable.
The document also states that a city having a population of up to 40 lakh or more, cities of tourist and religious importance and select cities which have a population of less than 10 lakh and all state and union territory capitals will get an opportunity to nominate a satellite city for the “Smart City” project.
“In Delhi, it is being proposed that DDA will develop a new smart city through the land pooling scheme as a demonstratively and the NDMC area may be considered for demonstrating all the components of smart cities,” the note says.
While a strong citizen participation in decision-making will be crucial for smart cities, a principle of ‘governance by incentives rather than governance by enforcement’ has to be adopted.
A national urbanization policy would be crucial for guiding the national government financial support to smart cities.
The release of concept note is followed by a National Conclave of States and Union Territories, which is being held on Friday, September 12 to invite suggestions on the blue print.
India Smart Cities Infrastructure Investment OutlookKuicK Research
“India Smart Cities Infrastructure Investment Outlook” Report Highlights:
• Introduction to Smart City
• Core Components of Smart City
• Aspects of Smart City Infrastructure
• Smart Cities in India
• Key Trends in Smart City Development
• Government Support and Policy Outline
• India Smart Cities Infrastructure Guidelines
• India Smart Cities Project Future Outlook
What exactly is a Smart City- Features, Choice, & More.pdfyamunaNMH
The Smart City Mission was introduce by the Indian government in 2015. In 100 cities around the nation, the goal was to boost economic growth and infrastructure. The goal also aspires to build replicas of these cities that can serve as an example for other communities around the nation to emulate in order to become “Smart” cities. The Smart City mission aids society in overcoming environmental and socioeconomic problems in metropolitan areas.
Technological Challenges in Managing and Operating a Smart City: Planning for...Biplav Srivastava
This talk discusses smart city in Indian context and how Data/Open and AI/Planning can help in tackling them. Given as part of IEEE Workshop on Technologies for Planning and Acting in Real World Systems at Bangalore, India on 4th Sep, 2015.
In his budget speech, Union Finance Minister Arjun Jaitley
said that “unless new cities are developed to accommodate
the burgeoning number of people, the existing cities would
soon become unliveable.” Modi wants to build over a 100
smart cities to deal with the rapidly increasing urbanisation,
traffic congestion and decreasing quality of people’s lives
and the environment. Fiscal constraints demand diligence
and that global ‘smart solutions’ be tailored to suit this
emerging economy where even basic amenities are hard to
come by for millions.
Smart City Readiness based on Smart City Council’s Readiness Framework IJECEIAES
The level of urbanization which may impact on urban problems could be resolved through city development enabled and supported by the advanced ICT to build the city smart. To develop the city smart, the readiness of smart cities enablers should be assessed. The study was conducted based on pilot study through a survey on the smart city readiness. The analysis of smart city readiness in Yogyakarta showed that the evaluation of smart city projects implemented partially; only operational and asset optimization, and access to comprehensive device management implemented over 50%. Smart city readiness not only be measured by technological aspect but also need to be measured as non-technological aspects. Thus, measurement of readiness smart city can be more comprehensive.
Creation of Smart City is the part of a valuable jouney.
We will request our friends to understand the basics to regulate the smart city .We will request to must read and pass on to understand the other regarding smart city
Smart Cities - Models Projects Innovation. Asociación Española Telecomunicaci...Smart City
We analyze and compare eight city cases in three continents to find out differences and commonalities in smart city governance and public policies globally: Shanghai (China), Japan, Iskandar (Malaysia), New York (United States), and Amsterdam, Málaga, Santander, Tarragona (Europe). The report shows different ways to address the definition of smart, followed by the particular implementation of the smart concept in particular settings.
Smart city is an internationally booming phenomenon. The concept of
City” is been used widely across
contexts. A smart city has to be well outlined
services, a good environment
of the citizens of the nation
of any nation. It is extremely essential for administration of India to offer well
informed urban communities in different states as a piece of financial advancement. In
view of the escalated investigation of exhibit writing surveys from different healing
territories, we recognize eight basic components of shrewd city activity:
"administration and association, innovation, administration, arrangement setting,
individuals and networks, economy, manufactured framework, and common habitat".
The basic role of this examination
up a major opportunity of the brilliant city transport even in the wake of being the
cleanest city. The examination depends on optional
gathered from different newspaper articles,
investigation, the investigator
in getting a "Smart City" tag.
An expansive set of schemes and initiatives like SMART Cities, AMRUT Mission, Swachh Bharat, etc. by the government are aimed at urban development. This move of the government presents many business & investment opportunities in this sector to transform the urban regions of India. Gujarat, already a fast developing state of the nation has various initiatives to enable it to achieve world class infrastructure & living standards.
Smart Cities: Smarter Solutions for better tomorrowResurgent India
It is estimated that by 2030, 40% of India’s population will be living in urban areas and contributing 75% of GDP. On account of the ongoing rural-to-urban migration, an estimated 400 million people are expected to migrate to cities over the next 15 years.
Concept note on 100 Indian smart citiesPhani Mohan K
The 35-page blue print includes various suggestions on operational procedures, approval process for proposals, nature and extent of Central Government support on financing, capacity building, which would be useful for further discussions.
It outlines in detail about the several facilities that would be developed in smart cities including reliable utility services,efficient social infrastructure and a smart transport system, which would restrict the travel time within the city to 30 to 45 minutes, 100 per cent coverage of road network with storm water drainage network and 100 per cent access to toilets.
All smart cities will need to have a master plan valid for the next 10 years in addition to having digitised spatial maps, regularly updated open data platforms, amongst other benchmarks specified in the Annexures of the concept note.
Physical infrastructure such as the urban mobility system, the housing stock, energy system, water supply system, drainage system, solid waste management and sewerage system etc will have to be integrated through the use of geospatial technology.
Universal access to electricity and water 24 X 7 will be a given.
The municipal offices will have to be fully automated so that citizens have the ability to seek and the municipal offices the ability to deliver services in real time, through IT based facilities.
In terms of social infrastructure, good and high quality education, healthcare and entertainment services are essential.
Adoption of energy-efficient and environmentally benign practices in the use of building material, transport system, sewerage and water supply systems, street lighting, air-conditioning systems and energy consumption in buildings will be non-negotiable.
The document also states that a city having a population of up to 40 lakh or more, cities of tourist and religious importance and select cities which have a population of less than 10 lakh and all state and union territory capitals will get an opportunity to nominate a satellite city for the “Smart City” project.
“In Delhi, it is being proposed that DDA will develop a new smart city through the land pooling scheme as a demonstratively and the NDMC area may be considered for demonstrating all the components of smart cities,” the note says.
While a strong citizen participation in decision-making will be crucial for smart cities, a principle of ‘governance by incentives rather than governance by enforcement’ has to be adopted.
A national urbanization policy would be crucial for guiding the national government financial support to smart cities.
The release of concept note is followed by a National Conclave of States and Union Territories, which is being held on Friday, September 12 to invite suggestions on the blue print.
India Smart Cities Infrastructure Investment OutlookKuicK Research
“India Smart Cities Infrastructure Investment Outlook” Report Highlights:
• Introduction to Smart City
• Core Components of Smart City
• Aspects of Smart City Infrastructure
• Smart Cities in India
• Key Trends in Smart City Development
• Government Support and Policy Outline
• India Smart Cities Infrastructure Guidelines
• India Smart Cities Project Future Outlook
What exactly is a Smart City- Features, Choice, & More.pdfyamunaNMH
The Smart City Mission was introduce by the Indian government in 2015. In 100 cities around the nation, the goal was to boost economic growth and infrastructure. The goal also aspires to build replicas of these cities that can serve as an example for other communities around the nation to emulate in order to become “Smart” cities. The Smart City mission aids society in overcoming environmental and socioeconomic problems in metropolitan areas.
What exactly is a Smart City- Features, Choice & More.pdfyamunaNMH
The Smart City mission was introduced by the Indian government in 2015. In 100 cities around the nation, the goal was to boost economic growth and infrastructure. Additionally, this mission aims to develop replicas of these cities that can serve as an example for other communities around the nation as they attempt to become “Smart” cities. The Smart City mission aids communities in tackling environmental and social issues in metropolitan settings.
As new technologies enter cities, more population relocate to cities from underdeveloped parts
of a state. The increase in population attracts more technology investors into the cities which in turn attract
more people into the cities. This is a cumulative process which has raised issues of scarcity of resources and
lack of security among the increased population in the urban areas. The concept of Smart cities is viewed as a
solution to this problem thus enhancing the quality of existing public services. Internet of Things (IoT) is an
approach to build smart cities by interconnecting almost everything and increasing transparency in services.
IoT follows heterogeneous network architecture with application specific protocols. This paper presents the
importance of smart cities and IoT approach towards achieving the smartness.
Analysis of Status and Performance of Smart City Mission in India An Overviewijtsrd
Smart City Mission SCM is one of the flagship schemes 25th June, 2015 by Central Government of India. By smart we mean that the city is more sustainable, efficient, and live able for all urban dwellers. Another name of Smart City is Digital City or Wireless City or Future City. The main objectives of this research paper is to know the various components and features of smart city, to examine the current status and performance of smart city, to find out the challenges of implementing of smart city in India. The entire study is based on secondary sources of data. The study reveals that Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh states are utilizing top fund under Smart City Mission. Smart cities are vital for a sustainable future and this mission is a step in the right direction. However, the process of a smart city transformation journey does not happen overnight. It is one of Central Government dream project which be achieved by 2030. Dr. Md Areful Hoque | Shephali Prakash "Analysis of Status and Performance of Smart City Mission in India: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52714.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/geography/52714/analysis-of-status-and-performance-of-smart-city-mission-in-india-an-overview/dr-md-areful-hoque
Smart Governance: Adopting global best practices to advocate changes in India...IET India
Key objective of this paper is to throw light on some of the key challenges faced by selected few global smart cities that led to changes in the ICT infrastructure policy framework in these city government(s) and best practices that can be adopted in Indian environment to trigger successful implementation of smart cities for all stakeholders.
Smart city implication on future urban mobility and transportationSuvodip Das
My project Report on 'Smart City:Its impact on Future Urban Mobility and Transportation' briefs a brief description about Smart City and It also briefs about how the urban mobility and transportation will shape in Smart City.
Abstract:
In 2050, the number of people living in cities will be almost as large as the world’s entire population today. That’s why we need completely new approaches to be taken in order to make our cities to be Smart City. Smart Cities gained importance as a means of making ICT enabled services and applications available to the citizens, and authorities that are part of a city’s system. It aims at increasing citizens’ quality of life, and improving the efficiency and quality of the services provided by governing entities and businesses. Smart City is a type of city that uses new technologies to make them more livable, functional, competitive and modern through the use of new technologies, the promotion of innovation and knowledge management. Cities today are facing significant challenges including increasing populations, infrastructures, and declining budgets.
Cities are a driving force in generating the world’s economic growth. All around the world, urbanization is a growing trend. Challenges arise as more and more people concentrated in the limited urban spaces, with outdated infrastructure, leading to a rapid increase in resource consumption and emissions. The principal challenges for cities, around the globe, are to deliver better services while being globally competitive, and meeting climate targets.
Limited resources need to be managed in an efficient way. At the same time, societal development must be addressed and the focus put on people’s wellbeing. The pressure is growing to reduce our environmental impact, and there is a parallel compelling need for businesses to remain globally competitive. Expenditures on improving energy efficiency, modernizing infrastructure and creating a high-quality living, and working environments, are enormous. At the same time, cities have limited financial resources for governance and services.
The sustainable transformation of cities is only possible when it is done in a smart way. Smart systems and their integration need to be developed, not only to provide the services that people need but also to do so efficiently with minimum impact on the environment Regarding the urban spaces as living ecosystems, the smart city design, and planning, operation, and management, needs to be done at the system level. Sub-optimization of individual city components will not lead to the optimal performance of the all system. Multi-target optimization is not an easy task, but it becomes necessary as different components and systems are interlinked and interconnected – irrespective of where they are physically located.
Innovation in the form of 'smart city solutions' can deliver technologies, products, and services that meet the dual challenges of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and delivering more efficient services. Cities worldwide are modernizing and becoming poles of competitive strength.
The rapid development, and globalization, of information and communication technologies (ICT), can support the deployment of these solutions and their integration at system level. Applications as local small-scale energy production, as well as the transport solutions, for example, are the key enablers for cities becoming more resource-efficient while better meeting the users’ needs. It can be said that efficient ICT, where the Internet of Things has a central role, is a common dominator: tying together services, residency, mobility, infrastructure, and energy.
Understanding the Impact and Challenges of Corona Crisis on Education Sector...vivatechijri
n the second week of March 2020, governments of all states in a country suddenly declared
shutting down of all colleges and schools for a temporary period of time as an immediate measure to stop the
spread of pandemic that is of novel corona virus. As the days pass by almost close to a month with no certainty
when they will again reopen. Due to pandemic like this an alarm bells have started sounding in the field of
education where a huge impact can be seen on teaching and learning process as well as on the entire education
sector in turn. The pandemic disruption like this is actually gave time to educators of today to really think about
the sector. Through the present research article, the author is highlighting on the possible impact of
coronavirus on education sector with the future challenges for education sector with possible suggestions.
LEADERSHIP ONLY CAN LEAD THE ORGANIZATION TOWARDS IMPROVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT vivatechijri
This paper is explaining that how only leadership is responsible for sustainable improvement and
growth and only it can lead the organization towards improvement and overall development. Leadership and its
effectiveness are discussed in this research work and also how leadership is a different way of the success of the
organization and different from the traditional management to create true work-culture and good-will of the
organization in the social scene. Leadership is only responsible in bringing positive and negative change in the
organization; if the leadership doesn’t have the concern in the organization, the organization will not be able to
lead in the right direction towards improvement and development.
The topic of assignment is a critical problem in mathematics and is further explored in the real
physical world. We try to implement a replacement method during this paper to solve assignment problems with
algorithm and solution steps. By using new method and computing by existing two methods, we analyse a
numerical example, also we compare the optimal solutions between this new method and two current methods. A
standardized technique, simple to use to solve assignment problems, may be the proposed method
Structural and Morphological Studies of Nano Composite Polymer Gel Electroly...vivatechijri
n today’s society, we stand before a change in energy scarcity. As our civilization grows, many
countries in thedeveloping world seek to have the standard of living that has been exclusive to a few nations, so
their arises a need in thedevelopment of technology that is compatible enough with the resources provided by
nature in order to have sustainabledevelopment to all class of the society. In order to overcomethe prevailing
challenges of huge energy crises in near future, there is an urgent need for the development of electrical
vehiclesor hybrid electrical vehicles with low CO2 emissions using renewable energy sources. In view of the
above, electrochemicalcapacitors can fulfil the requirements to some extent.Preparation of nano composite
polymer gel electrolyte is the best optional product to overcome these problems. When fillers are added or
dispersed to the polymer gel electrolyte, amorphous or porous nature of electrolyte increases which enhances
the liquid absorbing quality of polymer and helps in removing the drawbacks of polymer gel electrolytes such as
leakage, poor mechanical and thermal stability etc. In this work dispersion of SiO2 nano filler is done in the
[PVdF (HFP)-PC-Mg (ClO4)2] for the synthesis of nano composite PGE [PVdF (HFP)-PC-MgClO4- SiO2].
Optimization and characterization was carried out by using various techniques.
Theoretical study of two dimensional Nano sheet for gas sensing applicationvivatechijri
This study is focus on various two dimensional material for sensing various gases with theoretical
view for new research in gas sensing application. In this paper we review various two dimensional sheet such as
Graphene, Boron Nitride nanosheet, Mxene and their application in sensing various gases present in the
atmosphere.
METHODS FOR DETECTION OF COMMON ADULTERANTS IN FOODvivatechijri
Food is essential forliving. Food adulteration deceives consumers and can endanger their health. The
purpose of this document is to list common food adulterant methods commonly found in India. An adulterant is
a substance found in other substances such as food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, fuels, or other chemicals that
compromise the safety or effectiveness of that substance. The addition of adulterants is called adulteration. The
most common reason for adulteration is the use of undeclared materials by manufacturers that are cheaper than
the correct and declared ones. The adulterants can be harmful or reduce the effectiveness of the product, or
they can be harmless.
The novel ideas of being a entrepreneur is a key for everyone to get in the hustle, but developing a
idea from core requires a systematic plan, time management, time investment and most importantly client
attention. The Time required for developing may vary from idea to idea and strength of the team. Leadership to
build a team and manage the same throughout the peak of development is the main quality. Innovations and
Techniques to qualify the huddles is another aspect of Business Development and client Retention.
Innovation for supporting prosperity has for quite some time been a focus on numerous orders, including PC science, brain research, and human-PC connection. In any case, the meaning of prosperity isn't continuously clear and this has suggestions for how we plan for and evaluate advances that intend to cultivate it. Here, we talk about current meanings of prosperity and how it relates with and now and then is a result of self-amazing quality. We at that point center around how innovations can uphold prosperity through encounters of self-amazing quality, finishing with conceivable future bearings.
An Alternative to Hard Drives in the Coming Future:DNA-BASED DATA STORAGEvivatechijri
Demand for data storage is growing exponentially, but the capacity of existing storage media is not keeping up, there emerges a requirement for a storage medium with high capacity, high storage density, and possibility to face up to extreme environmental conditions. According to a research in 2018, every minute Google conducted 3.88 million searches, other people posted 49,000 photos on Instagram, sent 159,362,760 e-mails, tweeted 473,000 times and watched 4.33 million videos on YouTube. In 2020 it estimated a creation of 1.7 megabytes of knowledge per second per person globally, which translates to about 418 zettabytes during a single year. The magnetic or optical data-storage systems that currently hold this volume of 0s and 1s typically cannot last for quite a century. Running data centres takes vast amounts of energy. In short, we are close to have a substantial data-storage problem which will only become more severe over time. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are often potentially used for these purposes because it isn't much different from the traditional method utilized in a computer. DNA’s information density is notable, 215 petabytes or 215 million gigabytes of data can be stored in just one gram of DNA. First we can encode all data at a molecular level and then store it in a medium that will last for a while and not become out-dated just like floppy disks. Due to the improved techniques for reading and writing DNA, a rapid increase is observed in the amount of possible data storage in DNA.
The usage of chatbots has increased tremendously since past few years. A conversational interface is an interface that the user can interact with by means of a conversation. The conversation can occur by speech but also by text input. When a chatty interface uses text, it is also described as a chatbot or a conversational medium. During this study, the user experience factors of these so called chatbots were investigated. The prime objective is “to spot the state of the art in chatbot usability and applied human-computer interaction methodologies, to research the way to assess chatbots usability". Two sorts of chatbots are formulated, one with and one without personalisation factors. the planning of this research may be a two-by-two factorial design. The independent variables are the two chatbots (unpersonalised versus personalised) and thus the speci?c task or goal the user are ready to do with the chatbot within the ?nancial ?eld (a simple versus a posh task). The results are that there was no noteworthy interaction effect between personalisation and task on the user experience of chatbots. A signi?cant di?erence was found between the two tasks with regard to the user experience of chatbots, however this variation wasn't because of personalisation.
The Smart glasses Technology of wearable computing aims to identify the computing devices into today’s world.(SGT) are wearable Computer glasses that is used to add the information alongside or what the wearer sees. They are also able to change their optical properties at runtime.(SGT) is used to be one of the modern computing devices that amalgamate the humans and machines with the help of information and communication technology. Smart glasses is mainly made up of an optical head-mounted display or embedded wireless glasses with transparent heads- up display or augmented reality (AR) overlay in it. In recent years, it is been used in the medical and gaming applications, and also in the education sector. This report basically focuses on smart glasses, one of the categories of wearable computing which is very popular presently in the media and expected to be a big market in the next coming years. It Evaluate the differences from smart glasses to other smart devices. It introduces many possible different applications from the different companies for the different types of audience and gives an overview of the different smart glasses which are available presently and will be available after the next few years.
Future Applications of Smart Iot Devicesvivatechijri
With the Internet of Things (IoT) bit by bit creating as the resulting time of the headway of the Internet, it gets critical to see the diverse expected zones for the utilization of IoT and the research challenges that are connected with these applications going from splendid savvy urban areas, to medical care administrations, shrewd farming, collaborations and retail. IoT is needed to attack into for all expectations and purposes for all pieces of our day-to-day life. Despite the fact that the current IoT enabling advancements have immensely improved in the continuous years, there are so far different issues that require attention. Since the IoT ideas results from heterogeneous advancements, many examination difficulties will arise. In like manner, IoT is planning for new components of exploration to be finished. This paper presents the progressing headway of IoT advancements and inspects future applications.
Cross Platform Development Using Fluttervivatechijri
Today the development of cross-platform mobile application has under the state of compromise. The developers are not willing to choose an alternative of either building the similar app many times for many operating systems or to accept a lowest common denominator and optimal solution that will going to trade the native speed, accuracy for portability. The Flutter is an open-source SDK for creating high-performance, high fidelity mobile apps for the development of iOS and Android. Few significant features of flutter are - Just-in-time compilation (JIT), Ahead- of-time compilation (AOT compilation) into a native (system-dependent) machine code so that the resulting binary file can execute natively. The Flutter’s hot reload functionality helps us to understand quickly and easily experiment, build UIs, add features, and fix bugs. Hot reload works by injecting updated source code files into the running Dart Virtual Machine (VM). With the help of Flutter, we believe that we would be having a solution that gives us the best of both worlds: hardware accelerated graphics and UI, powered by native ARM code, targeting both popular mobile operating systems.
The Internet, today, has become an important part of our lives. The World Wide Web that was once a small and inaccessible data storage service is now large and valuable. Current activities partially or completely integrated into the physical world can be made to a higher standard. All activities related to our daily life are mapped and linked to another business in the digital world. The world has seen great strides in the Internet and in 3D stereoscopic displays. The time has come to unite the two to bring a new level of experience to the users. 3D Internet is a concept that is yet to be used and requires browsers to be equipped with in-depth visualization and artificial intelligence. When this material is included, the Internet concept of material may become a reality discussed in this paper. In this paper we have discussed the features, possible setting methods, applications, and advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet. With this paper we aim to provide a clear view of 3D Internet and the potential benefits associated with this obviously cost the amount of investment needed to be used.
Recommender System (RS) has emerged as a significant research interest that aims to assist users to seek out items online by providing suggestions that closely match their interests. Recommender system, an information filtering technology employed in many items is presented in internet sites as per the interest of users, and is implemented in applications like movies, music, venue, books, research articles, tourism and social media normally. Recommender systems research is usually supported comparisons of predictive accuracy: the higher the evaluation scores, the higher the recommender. One amongst the leading approaches was the utilization of advice systems to proactively recommend scholarly papers to individual researchers. In today's world, time has more value and therefore the researchers haven't any much time to spend on trying to find the proper articles in line with their research domain. Recommender Systems are designed to suggest users the things that best fit the user needs and preferences. Recommender systems typically produce an inventory of recommendations in one among two ways -through collaborative or content-based filtering. Additionally, both the general public and also the non-public used descriptive metadata are used. The scope of the advice is therefore limited to variety of documents which are either publicly available or which are granted copyright permits. Recommendation systems (RS) support users and developers of varied computer and software systems to beat information overload, perform information discovery tasks and approximate computation, among others.
The study LiFi (Light Fidelity) demonstrates about how can we use this technology as a medium of communication similar to Wifi . This is the latest technology proposed by Harold Haas in 2011. It explains about the process of transmitting data with the help of illumination of an Led bulb and about its speed intensity to transmit data. Basically in this paper, author will discuss about the technology and also explain that how we can replace from WiFi to LiFi . WiFi generally used for wireless coverage within the buildings while LiFi is capable for high intensity wireless data coverage in limited areas with no obstacles .This research paper represents introduction of the Lifi technology,performance,modulation and challenges. This research paper can be used as a reference and knowledge to develop some of LiFitechnology.
Social media platform and Our right to privacyvivatechijri
The advancement of Information Technology has hastened the ability to disseminate information across the globe. In particular, the recent trends in ‘Social Networking’ have led to a spark in personally sensitive information being published on the World Wide Web. While such socially active websites are creative tools for expressing one’s personality it also entails serious privacy concerns. Thus, Social Networking websites could be termed a double edged sword. It is important for the law to keep abreast of these developments in technology. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the limits of extending existing laws to battle privacy intrusions in the Internet especially in the context of social networking. It is suggested that privacy specific legislation is the most appropriate means of protecting online privacy. In doing so it is important to maintain a balance between the competing right of expression, the failure of which may hinder the reaping of benefits offered by Internet technology
THE USABILITY METRICS FOR USER EXPERIENCEvivatechijri
THE USABILITY METRICS FOR USER EXPERIENCE was innovatively created by Google engineers and it is ready for production in record time. The success of Google is to attributed the efficient search algorithm, and also to the underlying commodity hardware. As Google run number of application then Google’s goal became to build a vast storage network out of inexpensive commodity hardware. So Google create its own file system, named as THE USABILITY METRICS FOR USER EXPERIENCE that is GFS. THE USABILITY METRICS FOR USER EXPERIENCE is one of the largest file system in operation. Generally THE USABILITY METRICS FOR USER EXPERIENCE is a scalable distributed file system of large distributed data intensive apps. In the design phase of THE USABILITY METRICS FOR USER EXPERIENCE, in which the given stress includes component failures , files are huge and files are mutated by appending data. The entire file system is organized hierarchically in directories and identified by pathnames. The architecture comprises of multiple chunk servers, multiple clients and a single master. Files are divided into chunks, and that is the key design parameter. THE USABILITY METRICS FOR USER EXPERIENCE also uses leases and mutation order in their design to achieve atomicity and consistency. As of there fault tolerance, THE USABILITY METRICS FOR USER EXPERIENCE is highly available, replicas of chunk servers and master exists.
Google File System was innovatively created by Google engineers and it is ready for production in record time. The success of Google is to attributed the efficient search algorithm, and also to the underlying commodity hardware. As Google run number of application then Google’s goal became to build a vast storage network out of inexpensive commodity hardware. So Google create its own file system, named as Google File System that is GFS. Google File system is one of the largest file system in operation. Generally Google File System is a scalable distributed file system of large distributed data intensive apps. In the design phase of Google file system, in which the given stress includes component failures , files are huge and files are mutated by appending data. The entire file system is organized hierarchically in directories and identified by pathnames. The architecture comprises of multiple chunk servers, multiple clients and a single master. Files are divided into chunks, and that is the key design parameter. Google File System also uses leases and mutation order in their design to achieve atomicity and consistency. As of there fault tolerance, Google file system is highly available, replicas of chunk servers and master exists.
A Study of Tokenization of Real Estate Using Blockchain Technologyvivatechijri
Real estate is by far one of the most trusted investments that people have preferred, being a lucrative investment it provides a steady source of income in the form of lease and rents. Although there are numerous advantages, one of the key downsides of real estate investments is lack of liquidity. Thus, even though global real estate investments amount to about twice the size of investments in stock markets, the number of investors in the real estate market is significantly lower. Block chain technology has real potential in addressing the issues of liquidity and transparency, opening the market to even retail investors. Owing to the functionality and flexibility of creating Security Tokens, which are backed by real-world assets, real estate can be made liquid with the help of Special Purpose Vehicles. Tokens of ERC 777 standard, which represent fractional ownership of the real estate can be purchased by an investor and these tokens can also be listed on secondary exchanges. The robustness of Smart Contracts can enable the efficient transfer of tokens and seamless distribution of earnings amongst the investors. This work describes Ethereum blockchainbased solutions to make the existing Real Estate investment system much more efficient.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)
A Review of Smart Cities Evolution in India
1. VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
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A Review of Smart Cities Evolution in India
Bhushan Save1
1
(Electrical Engineering, VIVA Institute of technology/ Mumbai University, India)
Abstract: In order to improve the quality of life for people, smart cities are a modern urban concept. Various
smart technologies are grouped together in order to increase the comfort of human life. This paper highlights the
various technologies that are merged together for building a smart city in a developing country like India. Another
major aspect of the paper focuses on the kind of technological combinations and their effects used to plan and
build a smart city. Finally, the paper concludes by providing an overview of the present status and various
challenges faced during the development of smart cities in the Indian scenarios.
Keywords - Indian Infrastructure, Indian Smart City, Smart City, Smart City Mission, Smart City
Features,
I. INTRODUCTION
The new tendency developed amongst the youth of the country is to move towards urban areas for jobs
or business, which caused tremendous population growth in urban areas [1]. These areas are referred to as cities
or towns, which are more complex, crowded, and difficult to manage as compared to villages. Such cities' services
are very closely connected and dependent on each other [2]. If any one of the main systems in the city fails, then
it will cause a hugely adverse effect on another service system. e.g. in Mumbai city, if local trains fail then basic
transportation is choked and people will not be able to reach their offices, affecting remaining other services.
Moreover, all the basic essential services like food, water, and transportation are majorly dependent on electrical
energy [3]. If these three services are well organized then it creates a sense of safety and security in people's
minds. In order to do it in a more effective manner, these all-essential services need to be coordinated efficiently
by administrative authorities and the government, which requires correct and thoughtfully framed policies and a
transparent communication network.
This paper aims to focus on current problems in implementing new ideas in the existing Indian
infrastructure. The paper also highlights features and policies, which are proposed for developing new smart cities
in India. The other major contribution of the paper lies in providing the possible problems and ways to integrate
modern smart city technology into existing Indian infrastructure.
The paper is organized as follows: Section II describes the concept of smart city, Section III presents the
scenarios of Smart Cities in India, Section IV focuses on the current status and the associated challenges in Smart
City, and Section V concludes by summarizing the major finding and recommendation for enhancing the adoption
and operation of a smart city in the Indian context.
II. SMART CITY CONCEPT
It is not possible to write the exact definition of the term smart city. However, it can be understood by
grouping various resources, technologies, and administrative activities in order to facilitate the wellbeing of people
and their sustainable development. The word smart in this context is to indicate improvement and coordination of
intelligence in services provided in urban life to improve the comfort level of citizens. This should also improve
the security of people along with comfort. The meaning varies from condition to condition, location to location,
government to government, people to people, situation to situation. It also depends on the type of available
resources and strategies implemented by administrative services to implement these resources.
Smart cities are a combination of various sectors that need equal development in the field of their
capabilities, cleverness, and convenience. In this paper, the author explains a few core expected features. All these
ideas should help to create basic level ideas about understanding the smart city concept. This entire concept is
based on a strong and an automated communication network. Nowadays a modern technology available known
as the internet over things, machine learning, and artificial intelligence combination used to produce excellent
results [4-8].
2. VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
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III. INDIAN SMART CITIES
The word Smart city was heavily popular after an announcement was made to initiate and develop 100
smart cities across India, by the Honorable Prime Minister of India. This initiative was taken by the current
government and a mission was framed to define criteria to evaluate and select the features and facilities required
for this project.
A. Expected features of Smart Cities
Various features were framed for the development of smart cities in India. A few of them are Promoting
mixed land use in area-based development, Housing and inclusiveness, developing open spaces, creating walkable
localities, different eco-friendly transport options, citizen-friendly e-governance, digital ID cards, and Smart
solutions to infra and services. The available land area should be used much efficiently in the case of planned and
unplanned areas. This will reduce the traveling time of the workforce in order to improve the quality of their life.
If the work to home distance is reduced then a green mode of transportation like bicycles can be easily used by
employees. This will reduce carbon emission and also improve the economy of the city. This will also improve
the overall health condition of the city. This will also allow people to spend more quality time with their family
and friends. So if the distance between workplace and home is taken care of then a lot of benefits can be given to
people. The dedicated pathways can be allotted for bicycles and electric buses.
B. Criterion for selection of Smart City
This process depends on its features and done on the competitive challenges. It includes the ideas of
competitive and cooperative federalism. In order to allocate the funds, the following process is followed in India.
It has been already defined by the government of India. This is a three-step process listed below [9-10].
1. On the entry-level process, all proposals are scanned by considering substantiating the extensiveness and
clarity. Once it qualifies the decided criterion, the committee will allot one unique identification number
to this application. This initial step is taken care of by the Urban Development, Govt. of India. During
this process, priority of applications is also decided by the committee.
2. In the second step, the evaluation of received proposals is done by expert committee members from India
as well as out of India. These committee members are carefully chosen by the government by evaluating
their expertise and past experience. These committee members conduct regular meetings over the
proposal and discuss various points if required.
3. The last and final step is to read and evaluate the review and comments given by the expert committee
members. This is done by the Apex committee, which belongs to the Ministry of Urban Development.
This final decision can get affected due to various other factors like the priority level, central government
opinion, population, the relation between state and central government.
C. Missions and Policy Schemes available in India.
The Honorable Prime Minister of India is well known for his capability to execute bold and tough
decisions. On 25th
June 2015, he introduced a concept of Smart City Mission for the next five years in India. This
mission includes a restructure and renewal plan of existing crowded cities. It was planned to execute this plan
over 100 most populated cities. This responsibility was given to the Ministry of Urban Development which reports
to the Government of India [9-12]. According to the roadmap they have planned, the following is a list of very
helpful policies or schemes. This will act as a support system in the development of expected smart cities.
1. National Urban Sanitation Policy
2. National Transit Oriented Development Policy
3. Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban transformation
4. PPP (Public-Private Partnership) Models for Affordable Housing
5. Pan City Initiatives
6. National Urban Transport Policy
7. Scheme for developing Special Purpose Vehicle and Urban Local Bodies.
3. VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
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IV. DIFFERENT CHALLENGES AND CURRENT STATUS
The actual current status of these smart cities which were selected for development has been discussed
in this section. For further development, the existing situation of these areas is being studied. In order to
understand the problem in a better manner, few challenges which are faced by this smart city mission are also
defined.
A. Existing Situation
The estimated investment towards the smart city development is around Rs 1.9 lac Cr [9]. This decision
was already approved by the cabinet and in the case of any additional amount is needed for this project, the state
government has been given authority to raise funds in order to develop their plans.
This total investment is divided into two main segments. For specific area based projects identified and
approved under the smart city program the amount allotted is Rs 1.52 lac Cr. and the remaining amount of Rs 0.37
lac Cr is expected to be spent on the promotional activities of smart city initiatives under the pan-city scheme.
All India level Smart city competition was held at the national and state level for selecting a list of cities
to be approved for this project. The final name list of 100 new smart cities in India was released in three
consecutive rounds. 20 cities were selected in round I, another 13 cities was also selected under the fast track
round program of smart city mission. After that in round II another 63 major cities were selected and at the end,
round III was conducted. Round II resulted in the selection of another 30 cities. These cities selected under these
three lists were asked to form a special purpose vehicle resembling a limited company. It has to be formed within
the listed city, this company will be authorized to implement smart city plans, and it will develop the city as per
the design proposal.
With reference to the existing situation of Indian cities, it has been seen that some common major sectors
are holding the backbone of the economy of the city. These common major sectors are Banking, Media, Tourism,
Hotels, Energy, Technology, Power, etc. The most popular and crowded cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad,
Pune, Chennai, etc. are front racers in this project and they are showing huge progress [13].
B. Major Problems Faced during development
There are few important things that should be properly addressed in order to make these smart cities a
better place. If these challenges are addressed correctly then the expected outcome of this project can be achieved
in minimum time.
1. There is a lack of strong interlinked and interdependent work culture between the state government and
central government. This happens due to different ruling parties at the state and center.
2. Leadership needs to be smart and strong. It also needs to be stable in nature, to achieve long-term goals.
3. Absolute errorless common planning is difficult in all cities, so changes are needed as per geographical
conditions.
4. Less coordination between planning and execution team.
5. Lack of awareness regarding redevelopment and Greenfield development.
6. Shortage of available funds.
7. Poor resource management.
8. The conflict between state, national, municipal administration
9. Lack of smart and honest people in government administration.
10. Visionary policymakers and implements are not available in ample quantity.
11. People of the city do not show expected support
12. Slow improvements in strategic development activities.
V. CONCLUSION
A smart city is the future of this country. Currently, there are huge challenges available in the path of
developing smart cities in India. We have seen a few of these challenges and remedies for the same. In order to
make this long-term plan successful, all government administrative services and leaders at various levels need to
corporate with each other. People of the existing cities need to cooperate in this development phase. And the
planning section has to be experienced, skillful and smart in order to make this a success.
REFERENCES
[1] Manoj Kumar Nallapaneni, “Impact of clean development mechanism on eco-friendly energy recovery technology,” Procedia Technology,
vol. 21, pp. 54-58, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2015.10.009
4. VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
VIVA Institute of Technology
9th
National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2021 (NCRENB-2021)
C-33
www.viva-technology.org/New/IJRI
[2] S. Madakam and R. Ramaswamy, "100 New smart cities (India's smart vision)," 2015 5th National Symposium on Information Technology:
Towards New Smart World (NSITNSW), Riyadh, 2015, pp. 1-6. doi: 10.1109/NSITNSW.2015.7176407
[3] Smart Cities, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), <URL: http://www.iec.ch/smartcities/>
[4] M. Weber, D. Luþiü and I. Lovrek, "Internet of Things context of the smart city," 2017 International Conference on Smart Systems and
Technologies (SST), Osijek, Croatia, 2017, pp. 187-193. doi: 10.1109/SST.2017.8188693
[5] Y. Mehmood, F. Ahmad, I. Yaqoob, A. Adnane, M. Imran and S. Guizani, "Internet-of-Things-Based Smart Cities: Recent Advances and
Challenges," in IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 16-24, 2017. doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600514
[6] Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, Archana Dash, “The Internet of Things: An Opportunity for Transportation and Logistics,” Proceedings of the
International Conference on Inventive Computing and Informatics (ICICI 2017), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, 2017, pp. 194-197.
[7] B. Hammi, R. Khatoun, S. Zeadally, A. Fayad and L. Khoukhi, "IoT technologies for smart cities," in IET Networks, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-
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[8] S. Mathur and U. S. Modani, "Smart City- a gateway for artificial intelligence in India," 2016 IEEE Students' Conference on Electrical,
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[9] Smart city selection process, Smart Cities Mission, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India.
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[11] Smart Cities, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India. http://moud.gov.in/cms/smart-cities.php
[12] Mission Statement and Guidelines, Smart City Mission Transformation, Government of India, Ministry of Urban Development, pp. 1-43,
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![VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
VIVA Institute of Technology
9th
National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2021 (NCRENB-2021)
C-30
www.viva-technology.org/New/IJRI
A Review of Smart Cities Evolution in India
Bhushan Save1
1
(Electrical Engineering, VIVA Institute of technology/ Mumbai University, India)
Abstract: In order to improve the quality of life for people, smart cities are a modern urban concept. Various
smart technologies are grouped together in order to increase the comfort of human life. This paper highlights the
various technologies that are merged together for building a smart city in a developing country like India. Another
major aspect of the paper focuses on the kind of technological combinations and their effects used to plan and
build a smart city. Finally, the paper concludes by providing an overview of the present status and various
challenges faced during the development of smart cities in the Indian scenarios.
Keywords - Indian Infrastructure, Indian Smart City, Smart City, Smart City Mission, Smart City
Features,
I. INTRODUCTION
The new tendency developed amongst the youth of the country is to move towards urban areas for jobs
or business, which caused tremendous population growth in urban areas [1]. These areas are referred to as cities
or towns, which are more complex, crowded, and difficult to manage as compared to villages. Such cities' services
are very closely connected and dependent on each other [2]. If any one of the main systems in the city fails, then
it will cause a hugely adverse effect on another service system. e.g. in Mumbai city, if local trains fail then basic
transportation is choked and people will not be able to reach their offices, affecting remaining other services.
Moreover, all the basic essential services like food, water, and transportation are majorly dependent on electrical
energy [3]. If these three services are well organized then it creates a sense of safety and security in people's
minds. In order to do it in a more effective manner, these all-essential services need to be coordinated efficiently
by administrative authorities and the government, which requires correct and thoughtfully framed policies and a
transparent communication network.
This paper aims to focus on current problems in implementing new ideas in the existing Indian
infrastructure. The paper also highlights features and policies, which are proposed for developing new smart cities
in India. The other major contribution of the paper lies in providing the possible problems and ways to integrate
modern smart city technology into existing Indian infrastructure.
The paper is organized as follows: Section II describes the concept of smart city, Section III presents the
scenarios of Smart Cities in India, Section IV focuses on the current status and the associated challenges in Smart
City, and Section V concludes by summarizing the major finding and recommendation for enhancing the adoption
and operation of a smart city in the Indian context.
II. SMART CITY CONCEPT
It is not possible to write the exact definition of the term smart city. However, it can be understood by
grouping various resources, technologies, and administrative activities in order to facilitate the wellbeing of people
and their sustainable development. The word smart in this context is to indicate improvement and coordination of
intelligence in services provided in urban life to improve the comfort level of citizens. This should also improve
the security of people along with comfort. The meaning varies from condition to condition, location to location,
government to government, people to people, situation to situation. It also depends on the type of available
resources and strategies implemented by administrative services to implement these resources.
Smart cities are a combination of various sectors that need equal development in the field of their
capabilities, cleverness, and convenience. In this paper, the author explains a few core expected features. All these
ideas should help to create basic level ideas about understanding the smart city concept. This entire concept is
based on a strong and an automated communication network. Nowadays a modern technology available known
as the internet over things, machine learning, and artificial intelligence combination used to produce excellent
results [4-8].](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/89-210711124212/85/A-Review-of-Smart-Cities-Evolution-in-India-1-320.jpg)
![VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
VIVA Institute of Technology
9th
National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2021 (NCRENB-2021)
C-31
www.viva-technology.org/New/IJRI
III. INDIAN SMART CITIES
The word Smart city was heavily popular after an announcement was made to initiate and develop 100
smart cities across India, by the Honorable Prime Minister of India. This initiative was taken by the current
government and a mission was framed to define criteria to evaluate and select the features and facilities required
for this project.
A. Expected features of Smart Cities
Various features were framed for the development of smart cities in India. A few of them are Promoting
mixed land use in area-based development, Housing and inclusiveness, developing open spaces, creating walkable
localities, different eco-friendly transport options, citizen-friendly e-governance, digital ID cards, and Smart
solutions to infra and services. The available land area should be used much efficiently in the case of planned and
unplanned areas. This will reduce the traveling time of the workforce in order to improve the quality of their life.
If the work to home distance is reduced then a green mode of transportation like bicycles can be easily used by
employees. This will reduce carbon emission and also improve the economy of the city. This will also improve
the overall health condition of the city. This will also allow people to spend more quality time with their family
and friends. So if the distance between workplace and home is taken care of then a lot of benefits can be given to
people. The dedicated pathways can be allotted for bicycles and electric buses.
B. Criterion for selection of Smart City
This process depends on its features and done on the competitive challenges. It includes the ideas of
competitive and cooperative federalism. In order to allocate the funds, the following process is followed in India.
It has been already defined by the government of India. This is a three-step process listed below [9-10].
1. On the entry-level process, all proposals are scanned by considering substantiating the extensiveness and
clarity. Once it qualifies the decided criterion, the committee will allot one unique identification number
to this application. This initial step is taken care of by the Urban Development, Govt. of India. During
this process, priority of applications is also decided by the committee.
2. In the second step, the evaluation of received proposals is done by expert committee members from India
as well as out of India. These committee members are carefully chosen by the government by evaluating
their expertise and past experience. These committee members conduct regular meetings over the
proposal and discuss various points if required.
3. The last and final step is to read and evaluate the review and comments given by the expert committee
members. This is done by the Apex committee, which belongs to the Ministry of Urban Development.
This final decision can get affected due to various other factors like the priority level, central government
opinion, population, the relation between state and central government.
C. Missions and Policy Schemes available in India.
The Honorable Prime Minister of India is well known for his capability to execute bold and tough
decisions. On 25th
June 2015, he introduced a concept of Smart City Mission for the next five years in India. This
mission includes a restructure and renewal plan of existing crowded cities. It was planned to execute this plan
over 100 most populated cities. This responsibility was given to the Ministry of Urban Development which reports
to the Government of India [9-12]. According to the roadmap they have planned, the following is a list of very
helpful policies or schemes. This will act as a support system in the development of expected smart cities.
1. National Urban Sanitation Policy
2. National Transit Oriented Development Policy
3. Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban transformation
4. PPP (Public-Private Partnership) Models for Affordable Housing
5. Pan City Initiatives
6. National Urban Transport Policy
7. Scheme for developing Special Purpose Vehicle and Urban Local Bodies.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)