Smart cities in India

A SPECIAL RESEARCH STUDY BY
INDIA TRANSPORT PORTAL
2nd edition
SMART CITIES
AND
SUSTAINABLE
TRANSPORT

Copyright India Transport Portal
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Modi’s ambitious plan – 100 smart cities P3-P5

Interview Schneider Electric – Mr Anil Kadam P6-P7
Smart city concept finds favour world over P8-P9

Interview World Bank India
Mr Barjor Mehta and Mr Ke Fang P10-P11

Intelligent transport Systems : Feasible in India ? P12-P14

Interview General Electric Transportation
Mr Vageesh Patil P15-P16

Smart Cities India 2015 P17-P18
Interview Exhibitions India Group - Mr Prem Behl P19-P20
References P21

Modi’s ambitious plan - 100 smart cities
In his budget speech, Union Finance Minister Arjun Jaitley
said that “unless new cities are developed to accommodate
the burgeoning number of people, the existing cities would
soon become unliveable.” Modi wants to build over a 100
smart cities to deal with the rapidly increasing urbanisation,
traffic congestion and decreasing quality of people’s lives
and the environment. Fiscal constraints demand diligence
and that global ‘smart solutions’ be tailored to suit this
emerging economy where even basic amenities are hard to
come by for millions.
Traditional growth drivers are giving way to technologically
advanced and creative ones. The defining feature of a smart city
is optimisation and strengthening core systems and making
them smarter. According to Caragliu et al. (2009), “a city can be
defined as ‘smart’ when investments in human and social capital
and traditional (transport) and modern (ICT) communication
infrastructure fuel sustainable economic development and a high
quality of life, with a wise management of natural resources,
through participatory action and engagement.” This concept,
introduced by IBM in their ‘Smart Planet’ initiative post the
economic recession of 2008 has become a buzz word in India
since the new government has taken control.
There is no standard definition as such but key criteria typically
include smart economy, smart mobility, smart energy production
and conservation, smart living, smart governance, smart
healthcare and smart environment. The IBM Institute for
Business Value has identified three key components to create
smarter cities: instrumentation, interconnection and intelligence.
Instrumentation includes sensors, utility meters and other
devices to help gather top-quality data. Interconnection involves
connecting people, data and systems like never before. Intelligence
will help make predictions for better decision making via new
computational models and algorithms. Many cities have picked
certain aspects of a city to optimize to help run it more efficiently.
For example, GE has implemented smart grids for Atlanta. Smart
city projects can be either greenfield or brownfield projects.
IBM identified seven systems and prerequisites to manage and
apply smart solutions to achieve favourable outcomes. The ‘3I’
strategy is the basis of the IBM Smarter Planet vision. The
company has partnered with numerous city authorities, offering
Smart City solutions to better manage limited resources. IBM’s
expected revenue growth for 2015 is $20 billion, with the Smarter
Planet initiative expected to contribute $7 billion in revenues.
A team at Frost Sullivan has identified parallels—smart
city concepts—after studying various smart city projects
world over. They defined smart cities as “those that have
at least five out of the eight “smart” parameters” shown
in the figure, whereas those that implemented at least
two of the key aspects were termed eco-friendly cities.

Modi’s ambitious plan
100 smart cities
Narendra Modi, perhaps one of the most ambitious prime ministers
India has ever had, is all set to bring nothing less than a hundred
‘smart cities’ to the country. A ‘grand promise’ he made during
his pre-election campaign, the concept of the smart city has been
received with mixed reactions. In his speech in June, he said, «Cities
in the past were built on riverbanks. They are now built along
highways. But in the future, they will be built based on availability
of optical fibre networks and next-generation infrastructure.»
These technologically advanced cities will obviously be capital-
intensive projects. Modi expects to attract investors from abroad
and other private players for the INR7060-crore (USD1.2 billion)
project. The focus will be on smart transport and better amenities.
Urban Development Minister, Venkaiah Naidu, said «Emphasis on
building smart cities, urban renewal, provision of basic amenities
and promoting affordable housing in urban areas is the need of the
hour as it is required to meet the aspirations of the countrymen for
a better urban living.»
Naidu stated that, “The PM wants to take big city living to a new
level where 24/7 utility services become an essential in public service
delivery. So would be technology-based governance and monitoring
of services provided to citizens. Not to miss, a high quality social
infrastructure including Wi-Fi zones and recreational spaces form
core of the new plans for these cities on the anvil.” He added, “A
smart city cannot have only a few hours of water supply a day, or
electricity that goes off for several hours, or streets littered with
garbage. The general appearance of the city has to be pleasing and
clean. In Delhi, it is being proposed that the DDA will develop a
new smart city through the land pooling scheme and in that, parts
of the NDMC area may also be considered for demonstrating all the
components of smart cities.” The selection parameters will vary and
will not be one-size-fits-all. The urban growth rate, unique features
and the state’s population will be among the deciding factors.
Perhaps intelligent transport systems (ITS) solve India’s massive
traffic problems and regulate the emission of noxious pollutants.
According to the IIM-Transport Corporation of India study
conducted in 2012, about INR60,000 crore ($9 billion) are lost
annually due to traffic congestion. Zero-Sum ITS, an Ahmedabad-
based company, is trying to ascertain if technology could help solve
issues that spring from heavy traffic using camera-based traffic
sensors and cloud-based control centres. The firm’s Managing
Director, Chikara Kikuji, said, “The key goal of the ITS solution
being implemented by Zero-Sum is to ensure better traffic
management
by providing more information to road users and enabling them
to plan their trips optimally thereby reducing travel time, saving
fuel and decongesting busy roads.” A successful cost-effective,
customised ITS can help avoid accidents, handle emergency
situations, and manage traffic and traveller information in India.
All set to change India’s landscape, the 100 proposed smart
cities that will run on technology have IT majors like IBM
and Cisco queueing up with smart-city ‘blueprints.’ The CEO
of IBM, Virginia Rometty, met with Modi during his recent
New York visit to express the company’s interest in «software
for Smart Cities and Digital India initiatives.» India already
has a few independent smart city projects such as Hindustan
Construction Company’s (HCC) Lavasa Smart City in Pune,
SAP’s project in Bhopal and Cisco’s project in Electronic City
in Bangalore. Obama’s government will help India build smart
cities envisioned in Vishakhapatnam, Allahabad and Ajmer.
Modi has asked Singapore and France to offer expertise in urban
planning for issues such as IT management, energy grids and
waste management. Japanese PM, Shinzo Abe, has extended help
to turn the city of Varanasi into a smart city while preserving its
cultural heritage. In his previous stint as the chief minister of the
state of Gujarat, Modi got the ball rolling for the development of
India’s first smart city in its industrial corridors - the greenfield
886-acre Gujarat International Finance Tec-city (GIFT) project
will be a financial centre. The brownfield 903-sq.km Dholera SIR
will be an extensive industrial area. The focus on urbanization and
the competition with China could well give India back its Mojo.
In his ‘Election Manifesto’ Modi called Urban Areas ‘High
Growth Centres.’ According to the BJP urban policy, “our cities
should no longer remain a reflection of poverty and bottlenecks.
Rather they should become symbols of efficiency, speed and
scale.” Modi wants to create the smart cities in the proposed
industrial corridors, which connect major metros, planned for
the nation. The government is keen to attract foreign capital
to these commercial and industrial nodes. Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA) is lending $4.5 billion to the Delhi-
Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) project and will also help
plan three smart cities in the Chennai-Bangalore Industrial
Corridor— Krishnapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), Ponneri (Tamil
Nadu) and Tumkur (Karnataka) in the Chennai-Bangalore
Industrial Corridor. Great Britain will offer to help India to
develop the Bangalore-Mumbai Economic Corridor.

Modi’s ambitious plan
100 smart cities
Research indicates that 70 percent of the population could well
be living in cities by 2050 and 50 percent by 2039 in India. The
increasing levels of migration from rural to urban areas have been
the impetus for the development of smart cities. The PM’s idea of
‘hyper-urbanisation’ has not really instilled nationwide optimism
as housing and amenities for all, as promised by the development
of smart city projects, could turn out to be an expensive pledge in
a country where nearly 270 million people live below the poverty
line. Others argue that with the world experiencing the ‘age of
digitization,’theconceptofthesmartcity-eco-friendly,sustainable
urban settlements - could well be the answer to assure people that
their basic needs will be met. In India, the construction of smart
cities will have plenty of challenges to overcome. How far will all
the stakeholders work towards implementing ‘smart technology’?
Will the people contribute effectively to the sustainable use of
resources? Time also has to be factored in as these projects will
most likely take 20–30 years to become a reality.

100 smart cities are planned to be built in India…Have you already
been involved in Smart cities around the world? If yes, how? Do you
think India has the potential to achieve this huge objective?
In less than 40 years, 70% of the world’s population will reside in
our cities. This rapid migration will push both current and future
urban centres to their seams and expand industrial and residential
infrastructures beyond their breaking points. Cities face huge
challenges: congestion, pollution, blackouts, crime, debt, and rising
costs - while competing with each other for investment, jobs, and
talents. The growth and its challenges raise important questions that
must be considered by cities around the world. Schneider Electric
has its hand in more than 200 smart city projects around the world,
notably Beijing, Dallas, Grenoble and Rio de Janeiro. It offers a range
of technologies toward this end, such as its new Building Analytics
software and services, which pull information from building sensors,
utility meters and control systems. It also is skilled in energy savings
performance contracting, in which the company assumes the capital
risk for building or infrastructure improvements in exchange for fees
based on the money those investments save along the way.
How would you define a smart city? How is it different from an
“intelligent city” or a “digital city”?
In my view a ‘Smart City’ is an urban area that is highly rated in
terms of overall infrastructure, sustainable real estate, communication
technology and market viability. It is a city where information
technology is the fundamental framework and the basis for providing
necessary services to residents. The essential difference between a
smart city and a ‘digital’ or ’intelligent’ city is that a smart city is one
that completely runs on technology—be it for power, water, sanitation
and waste treatment, 24/7 water supply, traffic and transport.
Smart mobility seems to cover many challenges India is facing in
terms of transport (road construction, traffic, safety). What are
your concrete solutions to set up smart mobility?
The sharp spike in the number of vehicles on the roads of the
metropolitans has become a matter of concern for the respective state
governments. The infrastructure and traffic management systems
present in these cities are not being able to cope with the traffic
bottlenecks and more importantly, the rising level of road accidents.
INTERVIEW - SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC
being able to cope with the traffic bottlenecks and more importantly,
the rising level of road accidents.
Smart Mobility has become the need of the hour and the state
governments as well as the centre are looking to implement these
solutions across all metros in order to improve the urban traffic
situation of the country. Schneider Electric has provided such
solution in one of the busiest suburbs of India in South Mumbai.
The municipal corporation of Greater Mumbai was facing a number
of problems due to chronic traffic snarls. They decided to approach
Schneider Electric India in order to facilitate traffic management
flow in the city. Schneider Electric came up with an Adaptive Traffic
Control System (ATCS) which modifies traffic signal cycles in real
time by means of surveillance sensors or devices installed on site to
respond to changing traffic conditions. ATCS was designed in such a
manner that a master controller could regulate traffic control coming
in from all directions. The installation of this system resulted in a
10% increase in average traffic speed and a 17% reduction in travel
times in the region.
Are you involved in digital and intelligent transport systems?
Schneider Electric offers 40 years of demonstrated expertise in
developing, deploying, and supporting complex transportation
management solutions in Europe, North and South America, Asia-
Pacific, and the Middle East – with intelligent transportation systems
(ITS) successfully managing some of the world’s most complex and
congested markets. Schneider Electric Traffic solutions are helping
to optimize daily traffic conditions, increase customer satisfaction,
enhance road safety, and protect the environment at installations
serving:
• Sao Paulo Urban Transportation Center (Brazil)
• Panama City UTC
• Madrid Mobility Management Center (Spain)
• Rosario UTC Project (Argentina)
• Lebanon UTC Project
• Beijing Supercenter (Mobility Management Project)

INTERVIEW - SCHNEIDER
ELECTRIC
Mr Anil Kadam
Senior Manager – Solution Architect (Utilities)
Anil Kadam is Senior Manager - Solution Architect for Energy and
Utilities (Smart Grids) at Schneider Electric. He has over 12 years of
experience in the field of Energy Automation, Energy Management
and Smart Grid.
Mr Kadam specializes in the field of Smart Grid and Smart Cities,
which form the central need of the present-day urban challenges. He
has presented multiple papers and delivered several lectures in the
field of Smart Grid.
HehasalsoworkedwithseveralEnergyAutomationInfrastructure
companies in the past. Some of these include - Marketing/Sales
Manager - Substation Automation Solutions, with ABB India;
Marketing Manager - Substation Automation Solutions, with
Areva-TD UK; Manager - Technical Marketing/Projects - N/W
Automation Protection Systems, Easun Reyrolle Ltd India etc.
What are the top priorities in India in terms of transport and
your potential solutions? What smart cities could bring to
these issues?
India is a huge market for us in terms of investment and business.
The ATCS developed by us has been working in south Mumbai in
the Colaba area over a stretch of about 21 km after the Municipal
Corporation of Greater Mumbai awarded the project in 2007.
Apart from improved traffic flow, the south Mumbai area has also
reported reduced air pollution due to the ATCS. Our top priority
is to implement such solutions across the metropolitan cities in
India in order to solve the traffic problem and safety issues which
have existed in India for a very long time now. Our aim behind the
creation of Smart Cities is to turn conventional Indian cities in to
livable, efficient sustainable cities thereby delivering benefits to
all of the stakeholders.

Smart city concept finds favour world over
A smart city, as described in The Hindu, “is an urban region
that is highly advanced in terms of overall infrastructure,
sustainable real estate, communications and market
viability; it is a city where information technology is the
principal infrastructure and the basis for providing essential
services to residents.” Inspired by emerging smart cities
across the globe - in China, Amsterdam and the Emirates,
Modi’s NDA government has proposed a hundred such
cities across the country.
India’s new BJP government is keen on helping India catch up
with technologically advanced countries as soon as possible.
Urbanization in India is expected to be over 75 percent before
we hit 2020. Economy is growing and Prime Minister Modi has
ambitious, progressive plans for his country including building
100 smart cities - cities that are liveable, efficient and sustainable.
According to Schneider Electric, vision, integration, solutions,
innovation and collaboration will make a city ‘smart.’ How far
this urban utopia will be successful in a country that is victim
to serious issues such as poverty and lack of basic amenities is
a subject of heated discussion in India. But Modi has brought
with him a kind of urban awakening modelled on the top notch
quality of global cities such as those seen in China, the Gulf and
Europe.
The face of urban China is changing with many technologically
advanced smart cities planned for the country. The Chinese
government considers it a ‘key national policy.’ The Chinese
National Bureau of Statistics in 2011 said that the country’s rate
of urbanisation had already exceeded 50 percent and perhaps for
the first time, there were more people in China’s cities than its
villages. Building smart cities will help cities with millions of
inhabitants grow in a sustainable manner and deal with traffic
congestion, pollution and housing problems efficiently.
Not to be left behind, the Middle East is also implementing its
share of smart city projects. Economic progress, energy efficiency
and generating employment are key focus areas for the Emirates.
In Saudi Arabia, there are six smart cities coming up; in Qatar,
there are three—Lusail’s Smart and Sustainable City, Energy City
Qatar, and Pearl-Qatar Island; and, in the United Arab Emirates,
two have been proposed—Smart city Dubai and Masdar City in
Abu Dhabi. Costing under $20 billion, the Masdar project—a
‘sustainable’ city aiming to be ‘the first zero-carbon, zero-waste
city’—is expected to be complete by 2025.
In Europe, Amsterdam has its urban model of the future ready.
The Amsterdam Smart city is a sustainable platform where
‘innovators’ are ready with smart solutions to tackle urban issues
and improve ‘liveability’ of the city; they are involved in nearly
70 projects. Copenhagen, Stockholm and Vienna, among the
greenest cities in the world, are also rapidly adopting the smart
lifestyle.

Smart city concept finds
favour world over
How will a densely populated emerging economy like India
achieve its dream of building over a hundred smart cities? “The
real estate of the future cannot be built with the building blocks
of the past. Progressive formats such as smart cities are the result
of vast knowledge and know-how. In a developing country like
India, where the more advanced concepts of urbanisation are still
work in progress, the inputs required for the success of futuristic
concepts are, at best, spread thinly on the ground,” says Anuj Puri
of real estate company Jones Lang LaSalle-India. He added: “The
Ministry of Urban Development must move forward on a highly
consultative basis and allow these inputs to flow freely. Moreover,
the blueprints that have worked on foreign shores must be feasibly
interpreted in the Indian context — nothing in this respect can
simply be imported and made to work here.” Modi, who was
rather ‘dazzled’ after his 2011 China visit, initiated India’s first
smart city —GIFT — in his home state of Gujarat. But India’s
metropolises are basically plagued by myriad civic woes, and most
analysts believe that making these existing cities habitable should
be given more importance than investing millions in ‘flashy’
projects.

10
Narendra Modi’s project of building 100 smart cities in India is
very ambitious. How do you think India can achieve it? What does
it mean for India’s urbanization from your expert’s point of view?
Based on media reports and public speeches of the Hon. Minister of
Urban Development, it appears that the GoI is planning to facilitate
100 existing cities to develop governance, administrative systems and
processes and ensure effective delivery of services such as water, solid
waste, street lighting and urban mobility, among others, in a smart
way. With strong policy support, assistance and catalytic financing
from the central government, coupled with strong buy in from and
ownership by state governments, a program to develop 100 smart
cities, which can become role models for other cities, is very feasible.
Smart cities seem to embrace many realities: infrastructure,
transport, growth…How can such global projects be developed and
realized?
Under India’s constitution, urban development is a state subject and
the central government has a role in formulation of national urban
policies, providing guidance and coordinating capacity building. Role
of state governments is critical and essential. Each state government
would have to determine the nature of support that can be provided to
cities within their state. Therefore, to be successful, a national program
such as 100 smart cities requires active consultations with and strong
support from state governments. Given that India’s different states
are developing at varying speeds and are forging their own paths, a
national program will be required to be flexible and adaptable.
Somecitiesaroundtheworldarealreadyconsideredassmartcities…
Which cities in the world could be considered as smart cities? What
India could learn from their experiences? (good and bad practices)
There is no global commonly accepted and applicable definition of
a smart city. What may be considered as smart in one country may
not be acceptable in other countries. Each country, therefore, has to
arrive at a national consensus and work towards reaching that goal.
Moreover, what constitutes smartness today may be very different a
decade from now. Therefore, India will have to set itself a definition for
its cities but with a clear understanding that the definition will need
modification over the implementation period.
INTERVIEW - WORLD BANK INDIA
Is the World Bank going to be involved in this huge project in
India? If yes, in what way?
In a meeting between the Hon. Prime Minister of India and the
visiting President of the World Bank, it was agreed that the Bank
would continue supporting the Government of India’s efforts in
developing its urban agenda. We will be involved both in terms
of knowledge sharing from across the world as well as in possible
future investments. On October 1, 2014, the Bank organized an
International Knowledge Exchange on Smart Cities in New Delhi
where international experts and practitioners with field experience of
developing smart cities exchanged information and experiences with
their Indian counterparts from the Government of India as well as
state governments.
About transportation…It seems to be a huge part and stake of
smart cities, especially in India where the road construction pace
is still considered as too weak, where roads are not safe, rail needs
massive investment. How can smart cities accelerate and improve
their transport system?
You are right. Indian cities need a lot of transport infrastructure,
and they need to be constructed very quickly in order to catch up
with the rapid growing urban transport needs. We understand one of
the purposes of this “100 Smart Cities” program is to accelerate and
improve transport systems in Indian cities. International experiences
have shown this goal can be achieved through improvements in all
aspects of urban transport development, from planning, financing,
institutions, regulations, to operations. We believe innovations, in
terms of the ways to maximize the benefits from all existing natural,
financing, human, and technological resources and minimizing
negative impacts on society and the natural environment, would
play a very critical role, if this 100 Smart Cities were to achieve the
desired results.

11
INTERVIEW - WORLD BANK INDIA
How would you define smart mobility? Is it just about public
transport?
In our view, the goal of smart mobility is to provide universal
safe, secure mobility and access to jobs/services, for all the people
who come to live in urban areas, regardless of income, gender,
age, physical conditions. From this perspective, public transport
is an important element of smart mobility, but it is not the only
element. We consider smart mobility in India would include at
least the following (i) Smart mobility planning, utilizing new
planning tools and technologies such as GIS, satellite pictures,
crowdsourcing through mobile phones, integration with land
use planning, etc. (ii) Smart provision of infrastructure and
services for clean and efficient transport modes such as public
transport/non-motorized transport/green freight transport; (iii)
Smart traffic and transport safety management; (iv) Smart travel
demand management, utilizing various regulatory, economic,
and cooperative tools/incentives to better manage the growth of
the ownership and the use of private vehicles; and (v) smart urban/
spatial growth management to encourage the use of clean and
efficient transport modes, and to avoid or reduce the unnecessary
or undesirable needs for motorized private transport modes.
Question nos. 1, 2,3 and 4 were answered by Barjor Mehta,
Lead Urban Specialist, World Bank and 5-6 to Ke Fang, Lead
Transport Specialist, World Bank.

12
Intelligent transport systems:
Feasible in India?
The EU Directorate General for Mobility and Transport
defines intelligent transport systems (ITS) as “several
combinations of communication, computer and control
technology developed and applied in the domain of
transport to improve system performance, transport safety,
efficiency, productivity, and level of service, environmental
impacts, energy consumption, and mobility.” Will PM
Modi’s ambitious plans for smart cities and intelligent
mobility be feasible? As of now, various ITS initiatives have
been successfully implemented or are in the pilot stages in
various metro cities across India.
It’s but natural that transport discussions will veer towards smart
mobility with the current buzz word being ‘smart cities’. Increasing
levels of urbanization necessitate the need for intelligent transport
systems that enhance the social, economic and cultural life of a
city. Smart mobility integrates clean energy technology into a
traffic system that is multimodal. To ensure that mobility issues
related to safety and pollution are a thing of the past, agencies
world over have invested time and money to come up with
innovative, efficient transport solutions. Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS) will integrate electronics, computer technology
and management strategies to bring about seamless and efficient
connectivity that has minimal negative impact on the economic,
demographic, social and environmental dimensions of a country.
Though the world is in the initial stages of this phenomenal
process of transformation for the movement of both people and
freight, researchers and other relevant stakeholders are giving it
their all to turn this vision into reality.
ITS Canada’s Strategic Business Plan defines ITS as “the
application of advanced and emerging technologies (computers,
sensors, control, communications, and electronic devices)
in transportation to save lives, time, money, energy and the
environment.” They are often found as stand-alone applications
because they are less expensive; but they need to be thought
of in terms of system integration in the long run. Examples
of ITS technologies include communication technologies in
ITS like microwaves, short-range radio waves, DSRC, mobile
communications and the Internet; global navigation technology
for automatically locating vehicles and tracking, geographical
information systems, data acquisition and exchange, camera
systems and artificial vision, in-vehicle systems and digital
mapping.
According to the World Bank, ITS can be divided into nine areas:
traveller information, traffic management, demand management,
road management, advanced driving assistance, electronic
financial transactions, commercial vehicle management, public
transport management and incident and hazard response.

13
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT
SYSTEM
FEASIBLE IN INDIA?
Be it a developed or developing country, the reasons for
deploying ITS are similar as they offer far more
benefits than conventional transportation systems.
People need reliable, affordable and convenient
transportation and efficient movement of freight to go
about their lives and better mobility will undoubtedly
enhance the quality of their lives, especially for people
with special needs. The benefits of IT systems are plenty
- they offer safety, security and environmental protection.
ITS can reduce road crashes, alert emergency services,
ease traffic flows, and open up alternate routes; they can
bring down costs incurred due to delays in work flow
and productivity thanks to traffic congestion; and, they
can lead to a 30-percent decline in GHG emissions and
minimize fuel loss due to stop-start driving. Users can
enjoy increased efficiency with systems like electronic
toll collection, smart cards and in-vehicle navigation.
Traffic management and information and warning
systems in vehicles are also stand-alone applications
that are part of ITS. The concept of e-mobility will
ideally address fuel efficiency and emission standards.
Perhaps the future will belong to electro mobility,
which refers to “using electric powertrain technologies, in-
vehicle information, and communication technologies and
connected infrastructures to enable the electric propulsion
of vehicles and fleets.” Most major auto makers have plug-in
hybrids, electric vehicles and those that use the hydrogen fuel cell.
Any process that will save time, lives and money will warrant
an effective application in the lives of people everywhere. The
authorities will have to implement both road and vehicle-based
systems in a coordinated manner to provide society-wide benefits.
technology that is the key component of ITS can help lay the
groundwork for these transport systems. Increasing the efficiency
for both users and operators is naturally a win–win situation.
Information technology that is the key component of ITS can
help lay the groundwork for these transport systems. Increasing
the efficiency for both users and operators is naturally a win–win
situation.
The World Bank supports this new dependence on knowledge
rather capital. Research and development, transfer of technology,
education, and exchange of information are supported by the
development of IT. The requirement for ITS can foster new local
businesses that manufacture the equipment as well open avenues
for renovation and maintenance in the future. The deployment
of intelligent transport systems can enhance regional integration
and the dissemination of information technology. There are
a few prerequisites - institutional and technological - for the
deployment of ITS.
In developing countries like India, the lack of basic infrastructure
is aggravated by the limited availability of technical and
financial resources. At the same time, retrofitting that could
prove expensive in developed countries (with adequate
infrastructure) can be avoided as electronic and physical
infrastructure will likely be installed simultaneously.
Also, updating existing systems is often more expensive
than starting from scratch. They can exploit information
available from the first-mover countries. These reasons often
help developing countries ‘leapfrog’ to intelligent transport
systems far quicker. All the advantages afforded by ITS are
not always transportation related but economic and social.
With vehicle ownership burgeoning in India, the impact on
the lives of its citizens is not trivial. The gravity of the impact
of climate change and rising numbers of people moving to
urban areas have India’s new government proposing the
building of smart cities for the future, modelled on smart
cities in more developed parts of the world.

14
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT
SYSTEM
FEASIBLE IN INDIA?
This emerging economy has to come up with financially prudent
solutions in the form of public policy that addresses India’s
expanding population and other constraints. In India, ITS can
be successfully used for intersection control, incident detection,
vehicle classification, monitoring, revenue collection and
collating historical traffic data. From the commuter’s perspective,
ITS can help in estimating travel times, selecting optimal
routes, providing congestion maps and information about public
transport, individual vehicle management and accident handling.
For example, Volvo’s 360 degree anti-collision scanner will scan
the surroundings of a truck to help prevent accidents that occur
due to limited vision, and this technology is in the test phase.
Companies like IBM, Cisco Systems and Schneider Electric
offer smart mobility solutions by improving the efficiency of
operations and providing ‘smart information.’ IBM introduced
the smart city concept. Schneider Electric helps better air quality
and reduces traffic congestion related issues ‘through centralised,
real-time adaptive traffic management.’ The company also offers
highly accurate tolling systems, tools to ‘manage and secure’ bridge
and tunnel sites, smart traveller information and solutions for
integrated city mobility management. Cisco believes that pretty
much everything in the world will be connected by the Internet
soon - the Internet of Everything (IoE) will ‘bring together
people, process, data and things to make networked connections
more relevant and valuable.’ The American company works
with innovators worldwide to set up smart cities - Bangalore,
the silicon valley of India, will get the Cisco Smart City.
Some of the ITS initiatives that have helped regulate traffic
and reduce accidents in India include the Electronic Toll
Collection (ETC) project planned for all the national highways
with the concept being tested on NH-5 on the Chandigarh-
Parwanoo bit. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)-based
ETC is already being tested on the 95-km Ahmedabad-
Mumbai stretch. Bus Rapid Transport Corridors have been
implemented in Pune, Ahmedabad, Delhi and Indore. Advanced
Parking Management Systems in Delhi can be found in Palika
Bazaar, which uses Electronic Parking Guidance and VMS
Smart Cards to accommodate 1500 vehicles, and in Sarojini
Nagar Market, which has automated multi-level parking.
Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) deployed city-wide ITS in Mysore to better its bus system in 2012. The ITS
Master plan in Hyderabad (CCTVs, ATCC, weather stations, and flood and pollution sensors) will be implemented in three phases at
a cost of around EUR140 million.
The B-TRAC project by the Bangalore Traffic Police uses speed interceptors, cameras, centrally controlled traffic signalling, citations
and mobile enforcement. The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) plans to bring 367 busy signals under the Area Traffic
Control (ATC) that will help commuters save time by not having to wait at these signals at a cost of around INR5.66 crore (~USD0.93
billion).
Modi’s vision of a 100 smart cities across India is slowly gathering support. During Modi’s recent 5-day visit to Japan, Shinzo Abe, the
Japanese PM, pledged $34 billion to improve India’s infrastructure and will include helping Modi realise his smart-city dream. Japan will
enable India’s initiative to develop urban areas by offering ‘multi-modal transport solutions.’ PM Modi hopes that using computational
technologies, wireless communication and sensing technology to meet the challenges of rapid urbanisation and motorisation will take
India to a better tomorrow. With cost and space constraints, the ITS models followed in developed countries cannot be applied without
modification to managing traffic in India.
India is expected to surpass China soon as the fastest growing economy in the world. The transportation demands will be huge with
the rapid migration to urban areas and the massive number of vehicles on the roads. India has a road network that is underdeveloped,
budget that is severely restricted, lack of awareness among users, lack of interest among policy makers, poor demand for automation
and limited resources for operation and maintenance of the technology. India’s current attempts at deploying intelligent transportation
systems show a lot of promise. Western ITS standards are unlikely to work in India unless they are tailored to suit its physical, lifestyle
and cultural diversity. The decision makers will have to come up with timelines that are realistic and schedules that take a step-by-step
approach, understand the needs of all stakeholders and appreciate the constraints before blindly embracing the concept of digitization.
In theory, the idea of smart cities and smart mobility is fantastic, but how far they will be feasible or successful in reality is anybody’s
guess.

15
Could you introduce yourself briefly and tell us about your activities
at GE Transportation in India?
GE Transportation is a $5B business engaged in delivering diesel
electric locomotives, mining systems, signaling solutions, marine
stationary engines, services technologies and solutions. We are 10,000
employeesstrong,including2,400engineersworldwide. InIndia,Ilead
the GE Transportation Engineering team of ~800 engineers who work
on design, development and validation of diesel electric locomotives,
signaling rail solutions and mining systems. We are continuously
investing in developing capability, capacity and competency to deliver
state-of-the-art locomotive technologies, systems and solutions to the
business.
You have been part of the launch of latest technology products such
as Evolution Series locomotives. What are their main features?
How different are they from locomotives actually commercialized
and used in India?
The Evolution Series locomotives are Tier-2 emission compliant, with
most fuel efficiency, high reliability and optimized life cycle cost.
They have been designed with state-of-the-art control technologies
with on-board and off-board diagnostics, motor driven auxiliaries
and optimized packaging to achieve right balance and efficient system
performance. These locomotives are an order ahead in technology and
performance compared to commercialized locomotives in India.
How are your products sustainable for the transportation industry?
Diesel electric locomotives are designed for 20 years of life with high
reliability and very well defined maintenance schedules. Adhering to
proper maintenance and managing the right usage, these locomotives
are not only sustainable on rail roads but also deliver enough power to
meet haulage requirements. The locomotives adapt to different climatic
conditions as it is an important input in our design process to ensure
performance doesn’t get impacted in harsh operating environments.
Emissions meet EPA norms at all times, hence these locomotives
are very environment friendly. All aspects of design related to safety,
quality and reliability adhere to world-class standards, meaning they
meet the highest levels of safety and quality ensuring smooth and
efficient operations.
Which train technologies are already in the Indian market? How
could you challenge them?
With 64,000 km of track length and a population of a billion plus
people, Indian rail roads can certainly adopt technologies that enable
more safety, velocity and density. With a vision of improving overall
throughput of the rail network, they can certainly work on improving
technology in every building block to deliver efficiency.
INTERVIEW - GENERAL ELECTRIC
TRANSPORTATION
How do you think India could reach a more sustainable transport?
What are the priorities?
Safety is of paramount importance for any rail road; given that,
improving velocity and density to deliver better throughput with
strong maintenance and usage culture can help sustain a performing
rail road. India has to approach this problem in a holistic way and
develop the asset installed base in such a way as to deliver overall
efficiency that is sustainable from changing social, environmental
and economic conditions. Our solutions certainly can help in
this direction of improving safety, speed/velocity and network
throughput (efficiency). The challenge we have in the country is to
create an ecosystem that has the ability to adapt to new technologies
and solutions a lot quicker than we do today.
Do you think countries should join forces to build rail projects,
like China and India just did?
Depends on many factors like economics, politics, technology etc.
I can comment on technology – there are different technologies
available in different countries and one should be wise enough to
choose the right technology to solve the problems and constraints
that are unique to rail roads in each country.
Any other technologies you would like to talk about…
The next level of EPA imposed emissions norms is Tier-4, and GE
Transportation has launched its solution meeting these norms. It is
perhaps the only locomotive product on the planet today offering
the Tier-4 solution. Needless to say, it boasts state-of-the-art engine
technology and system optimization.

There are many other smart technologies developed to save fuel,
like Trip-Optimizer which is a kind of auto pilot for locomotives.
Several advancements are taking place in control systems, software,
diagnostics and prognostics to deliver value to our customers.

One of our most important solutions is called ‘RailConnect 360’.
This solution is based on the Industrial Internet concept, using big
data and analytics to arrive at customer value. Combining Physics
based algorithms and stochastic data trends provided opportunities
to find new ways of creating value for our customers

16 Copyright India Transport Portal
INTERVIEW - GENERAL ELECTRIC
TRANSPORTATION
Mr Vageesh Patil - General Manager at GE
Transportation
GE Transportation is the world leader in manufacturing
of diesel electric locomotives and the company has been
in the business of locomotives for over 100 years. The
Evolution® series locomotive which was introduced in 2005
to meet Tier 2 emission regulations is one such product
with modern technology. This locomotive is part of GE’s
ecomagination-qualified Evolution® series locomotive
family - the best-selling global locomotive platform. Today,
more than 5000 Evolution series locomotives operate in
the US and globally allowing railroads to move one ton of
freight more than 480 miles on a single gallon of fuel. In
addition to the engineering talent at JFWTC, GE also
tapped its extensive in-house worldwide network of research
scientists and engineers —including experts in separate but
complementary fields, like aviation, automotive and energy.
How would you define smart mobility? Is it just about public
transport?
In our view, the goal of smart mobility is to provide universal
safe, secure mobility and access to jobs/services, for all the people
who come to live in urban areas, regardless of income, gender,
age, physical conditions. From this perspective, public transport
is an important element of smart mobility, but it is not the only
element. We consider smart mobility in India would include at
least the following (i) Smart mobility planning, utilizing new
planning tools and technologies such as GIS, satellite pictures,
crowdsourcing through mobile phones, integration with land
use planning, etc. (ii) Smart provision of infrastructure and
services for clean and efficient transport modes such as public
transport/non-motorized transport/green freight transport; (iii)
Smart traffic and transport safety management; (iv) Smart travel
demand management, utilizing various regulatory, economic,
and cooperative tools/incentives to better manage the growth of
the ownership and the use of private vehicles; and (v) smart urban/
spatial growth management to encourage the use of clean and
efficient transport modes, and to avoid or reduce the unnecessary
or undesirable needs for motorized private transport modes.

17
Smart cities India 2015
20-22 May, 2015
India’s changing urban landscape will be the next engine of
growth for the Indian economy. According to the Ministry
of Urban Development, and the National Institute of
Urban Affairs (NIUA), more than 50 per cent of India’s
population will be living in urban areas by 2039. With this
rapid urbanisation, India is embracing the push to create
smart cities.
Simultaneously, Indian cities are aggressively looking to improve
their infrastructure, as well as the quality of life for their
inhabitants. With rapid urbanization, India’s population by
2050 will rise to 1.6 billion from its current level of 1.2 billion,
resulting in many commercial opportunities available in India
for businesses to pursue. The government of India is committed
to developing 100 smart cities; satellite towns; rejuvenate
existing cities heritage cities, etc., and has allocated Rs. 6,000
crore for FY 2015-16 for the first phase of this development.

Smart Cities India 2015 expo, being organized by Exhibitions
India Group (EI) at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, from 20th to
22nd May 2015 is an appropriate platform to catalyze the Prime
Minister’s programs on Smart Cities, Swachh Bharat, Made in
India, Digital India, Housing for All, and Make in India. The
event will focus on Smarter Solutions for a Better Tomorrow.

The three day expo will showcase emerging opportunities for
buyers to actively source new and innovative products from
India and around the world. Concurrent to the expo, conference
sessions will focus on nine verticals including; Smart Governance,
Smart Energy, Smart Environment, Smart Transportation,
Smart Information Technology Communications, Smart
Buildings, Smart Health and Smart Education. The international
expo will attract users, industry buyers, PSUs, central and state
government officials, including ministers, secretaries, municipal
commissioners, mayors, city planners, architects, builders, etc.

The conference will have 250+ distinguished speakers comprising
of the world’s foremost strategists, bureaucrats, policy makers, as
well as thought leaders and trend setters. The event will witness
15,000 visitors along with 1,500 delegates over three days.

PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), a leading professional service
organisation, providing consultancy, assurance and advisory
services is the “Knowledge Partner” for Smart Cities India 2015
expo. PwC will release a “Knowledge Paper” at the inaugural
session, and will provide intellectual inputs on the key challenges
faced by Indian cities along with highlighting new city governance
models for faster development.

18
Smart Cities India 2015
Commentingontheassociation,RakeshKaul,Partner,Government
and Public Sector, PwC India, said “Conversations around smart
cities are increasingly gaining momentum, and we are glad to be
spearheading some of the key smart city projects in the country. This
association with Exhibitions India Group comes at a time when the
government, private sector and citizens alike are looking at balanced
growth, with higher standards of living, created in a resource efficient
manner. We are confident that platforms like this will help take
the dialogue around urbanisation and smart cities to the next level,
propelling much needed conversations on policy and technology
interventions required to make India’s smart city dreams a reality”.

Prem Behl, Chairman, Exhibitions India Pvt Ltd, said; “We are
delighted to have PwC as the Knowledge Partner and our grateful
to the Indian ministries for their support. We believe that their
combined expertise and inputs will add immense value to this
expo, which intends to showcase modular and comprehensive
solutions to achieve a truly smart and sustainable city.”

Smart Cities India 2015 has been endorsed by the Ministries of
Urban Development; New and Renewable Energy; Environment,
Forests Climate Change; the Department of Industrial Policy
Promotion; and the Department of Electronics Information
Technology.
About Exhibitions India Group:
(EIG) is a trade promotion organisation creating opportunities
for investments, joint ventures and technology transfers. EIG is
an interface between businesses, government, academia, society,
media, etc., and is amongst the few trade fair and conference
organisers in India with ISO 9001:2008 ISO 14001:2004
certification. EIG has been in existence since 1987 and comprises
of several strategic business units. EIG is committed to providing
satisfaction to its customers by organising focused international
quality trade shows through exceptional services, employee
involvement, market intelligence and continual improvement.

Formoreinformation,pleasevisit:http://www.exhibitionsindiagroup.
com
About PwC:
PwC helps organisations and individuals create the value they’re
looking for. We’re a network of firms in 157 countries with more
than 195,000 people who are committed to delivering quality in
Assurance, Tax and Advisory services. Tell us what matters to you
and find out more by visiting us at www.pwc.com.
In India, PwC has offices in these cities: Ahmedabad, Bangalore,
Chennai, Delhi NCR, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and Pune.
For more information about PwC India’s service offerings, visit
www.pwc.in
PwC refers to the PwC network and / or one or more of its
member firms, each of which is a separate legal entity. Please see
www.pwc.com/structure for further details.

19
What do you expect from Smart Cities India 2015? Which elements
are going to be important during this three-day event?
We hope that Smart Cities India 2015 expo will serve as a constructive
forum supporting the governments vision. The smart cities movement
is huge, with the potential to transform the nation and lead to socio-
economic development and progress. Our objective is for Smart Cities
India 2015 expo to be an appropriate platform for city planners,
architects, builders, corporates, and the government.
Globally, smart cities is not a new phenomenon, with cities like
Barcelona, New York, London, Singapore etc. scoring high on aspects
including, livability, sustainability, safety, and technology. Being an
international platform, we expect domestic organisations to benefit
with exposure to global technology and practices.
The Smart Cities India 2015 expo slogan is «Smarter Solutions for a
Better Tomorrow». The three-day expo will showcase opportunities
for buyers to source products from India and overseas.
The exhibition will have 207 companies exhibiting, with leading
names like Lavasa Corporation, Mahindra tech, Mitsubishi Electrics,
Bosch and Voltas etc. participating.
Separate country pavilions will be created in the exhibitor’s arena like
Russian Pavilion, Swedish Pavilion, Swiss Consortium Pavilion and
European Business Technology Centre (EBTC) Pavilion.
Concurrent to the expo, conference sessions will focus on nine
verticals including; Smart Governance, Smart Energy, Smart
Environment, Smart Transportation, Smart Information Technology
Communications, Smart Buildings, Smart Health and Smart
Education. Topics like Bottlenecks to transform existing city into a
smart city, Aspects of safety, security and surveillance in a Smart City,
Green Transport, Smart Urban and Regional Planning and much
more will be covered in the conference. Interactive workshops will be
conducted by European Business and Technology Centre and Bosch.
240 distinguished speakers comprising of the world’s foremost
strategists, bureaucrats, policy makers, as well as thought leaders and
trend setters with 1,500 conference delegates in attendance over the
three days.
The international expo will attract 15,000 trade buyers, PSUs, central
and state government officials, including ministers, secretaries,
municipal commissioners, mayors, city planners, architects, builders,
etc.
INTERVIEW - Mr PREM BEHL
EXHIBITIONS INDIA GROUP
How did you get the idea to create an event dedicated to Smart
Cities in India?
Exhibitions India Group (EIG) was established in 1987, and is a trade
promotion organization. We encourage investments, joint ventures,
technology transfer into India, etc.
We conceptualize trade shows and conferences based on a range of
parameters, most importantly, market need; the benefits that can
accrue to all the stakeholders involved (exhibitors, visitors, speakers,
delegates, sponsors etc.). Our platforms are created as catalysts for
dissemination of information, knowledge, solutions or trends, and
facilitate the convergence of global leaders, professionals, associations,
ministries, visitors, media, academia, etc. under one roof.
Extensive research enables us to zero in on a particular sector or
theme for the expo. We have been researching the need to improve
urban infrastructure in India for over 5 years, and visited a number
of expos focussed on city development programmes in other parts of
the world. These included expos in Europe, USA, the middle east,
south east Asia, etc. The focus areas studied at these expos were
technologies for smart cities, sustainablliity, green energy, green
transport, sensors, green and energy efficient buildings, energy
saving technologies, etc.
Fortunately, this platform is appropriately timed to contribute to the
prime ministers vision on smart cities, sanitation and drinking water
(Swachh Bharat), digital India, health for all, housing for all, and
make in India.
Coupled with this, is the rapid urbanisation forcast of the ministry
of urban development the National Institute of Urban Affairs
(NIUA) indicating that more than 50 per cent of India’s population
will be living in urban areas by 2039. With this rapid urbanisation,
the prime ministers push to create 100 smart cities, expanding
existing towns with satellite towns, creating port towns, aerotropolis
cities, improving infrastructure in 500 other towns shows astute
foresight. The prime minister is aware that India’s changing urban
landscape will be the next engine of growth for the Indian economy.
Through Smart Cities India 2015 expo, we intend to demonstrate
that it is possible to provide clean water; have efficient solid waste
management; utilize low emission public transport; enable a
proliferation of electric and hybrid vehicles for public and private
use; use clean energy for smart buildings, etc. all of which to be
enabled through the use of appropriate ICT technologies. The
government is aware of the importance of creating a partnership
between the government and the citizen by using communications
and information technology to deliver G2C services.

20 Copyright India Transport Portal
INTERVIEW - EXHIBITIONS INDIA
GROUP
Mr Prem Behl - Chairman of Exhibitions India Group
Prem Behl is the Chairman Managing Director of the Exhibitions India
Group – a pioneer in organizing international exhibitions and conferences
in India.
He is the Managing Director of the Ohio India Office. The Ohio India
Office works under the Development Services Agency of the State of Ohio
to help companies from the region access channel partners and increase
their exports to India.
He is also the Managing Director of the Council of Great Lakes Governors
(CGLG) India office, which assists the Wisconsin Economic Development
Corporation and Wisconsin companies to access the Indian market.
He is currently a Director of the Asian Exhibitions Council (AEC) of the
International Association of Exhibitions and Events (IAEE-USA).
In 2003, he served as the President (Northern India Council) of the Indo-
American Chamber of Commerce (IACC), and has been the Chairman
Co-Chairman of the Indo-US Economic Summit in 2006 and 2007
respectively.
According to you, what is a smart city?
Indefinition;a‘smartcity’referstoanurbanareathathasenhanced
conditions of liveability, sustainability and workability. In simple
words, it’s a safe city to live in, which provides opportunities that
are high in the economic value chain.
In India, every single minute, 30 people migrate to cities from
rural areas. With this pace of urbanisation, 500 cities will need to
be developed in the coming decade, as existing cities will crumble
under the pressure of humanity. Digital technologies are just
enablers. What is truly needed is a radical solution to a uniquely
Indian situation with «smart thinking» and «smart solutions.»
Smartness, or better, «urban development» must emanate from
ground zero upwards. Therefore, it will be practical to act on basic
elements such as hygiene and discipline.
A smart city must meet with all requirements, such as safety,
hygiene, transport, traffic management, water, environment,
housing for all, etc.
I believe that emphasis on city transformation in India should
not be restricted to certain types of urban areas, but must be
inclusive and development proposals must include small cities
and villages, where urbanization is already taking place. If this is
acted upon, over a period of time, these urban areas will become
self-sustainable, and will contribute to the country’s economic
growth.
In your opinion, how will smart cities change the face of our
country?
India is a major emerging economy, and it’s time to take a close
look at all aspects of this transformation – social, economic and
ecological. Smart cities are intended to improve the quality of
life by bringing efficiency in sectors such as education, health
care, energy, transport, water and waste, etc.
People should have access to a comfortable, clean, healthy and
safe lifestyle. Aspects such as clean and consistent electricity,
good schools, fast emergency responses, low crime rate, clean air
and water, multiple entertainment and cultural options, will be
part of this enhanced lifestyle.
Tourism is one of the largest industries in the world, and
urbanizing in a smart way can provide a massive boost to this
sector. It wouldn’t by out of place to mention that foreigners, when
they visit India, say that ‘they experience a distinct smell.’ This
reflects poorly on the image of the country – that we, as a nation,
cannot maintain hygiene and cleanliness. Not so long ago, India
had a poor image of unreliability as business associates, which has
been completely transformed by our software and manufacturing
(auto components) professionals and businesses. So, there’s no
reason why we can’t work togethe

21
REFERENCES
http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/in/en/sustainable_cities/ideas/index.html?re=CS1
http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/global/files/us__en_us__cities__FS_IBM_Award_Report.pdf
https://www.opendemocracy.net/openindia/mathew-idiculla/crafting-%E2%80%9Csmart-cities%E2%80%9D-
india%E2%80%99s-new-urban-vision
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/narendra-modi-imprint-on-smart-city-project/1/382571.html
http://www.informationweek.in/informationweek/news-analysis/297909/intelligent-transportation-systems-solve-
india-traffic-congestion
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/narendra-modi-imprint-on-smart-city-project/1/382571.html
https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdr12/nsdr12-final2.pdf
http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/transportation_systems/article/palmisano_itsa_speech.html
http://docbox.etsi.org/workshop/indo-european%20dialogue%20on%20ict%20standards%20and%20emerging%20te
chnologies/07_dibyendu_sengupta_ebtc.pdf
http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/transport/its/benefits.aspx
http://coeut.iitm.ac.in/ITS_synthesis.pdf
http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/intelligent-transport-systems-its-market-764.html
http://www.ebtc.eu/blog/insight-intelligent-transport-systems-in-india/
http://www.schneider-electric.com/solutions/ww/en/seg/27947930-smart-cities/27958436-smart-mobility
http://www.trust.org/item/20140929114808-aw4ks/
http://www.fullyloaded.com.au/news/new-trucks/1410/volvo-develops-360-degree-anti-collision-scanner/
http://www.urbanmobilityindia.in/Upload/Conference/e1567e5a-42c7-4cb4-bdd1-b73c9d623f03.pdf
http://www.smartcitiesindia.com/Conference-Programme.aspx

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