information about types of gardens, formal gardens, famous gardens in india and their histoty. importance of gardens landscaping Principles of a Formal Garden Elements of a Formal Garden Formal gardens may also draw inspiration from highly structured Oriental gardens that date back over 3,000 years. Unlike European classical gardens, the Oriental formal garden may or may not have a strong structure

1. Dr. KALAM AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
BIHAR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, SABOUR
A PRESENTATION ON FORMAL GARDEN
Presented by:- UJJWAL KUMAR
DKAC/048/2016-17

2. DEFINITION
 a garden laid out with complete regularity on formal lines and in
accord with the methods of classic design, the plantings being in
symmetrically arranged rows or geometrical figures.

3. HISTORY ANDINSPIRATION OF FORMAL GARDEN
This classic style of gardening originated in Persia, and the courtyard
gardens of the Islamic tradition, the Mughal gardens of Asia.
 Formal gardens may also draw inspiration from highly structured
Oriental gardens that date back over 3,000 years. Unlike European
classical gardens, the Oriental formal garden may or may not have a
strong structure.
Many of today's formal gardens were inspired from European
gardens of the 17th and 18th centuries. These European gardens
were inspired by the gardens of ancient Greece and Rome.

4. FORMAL GARDENS IN INDIA
• Shalimar Bagh, Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir
• Shalimar Bagh was actually a loving gift from the Mughal Emperor Janagir to his
beautiful wife Nur Jahan. This stunning piece of beauty was built in 1619 and is counted
as the high point of Mughal Horticulture. Shalima Bagh is a fine example of Persian
garden layouts.

5. HANGING GARDEN, MUMBAI, MAHARASHTRA
• The Garden which was built in 1881 went through a major reconstruction work and got
its final set up.
• It was believed that the garden was mainly built to cover and protect the biggest water
reservoir of Mumbai from getting contaminated from the nearby Towers of Silence.

6. BRINDAVAN GARDEN, MYSORE, KARNATAKA
• The Legendary engineer and Bharat Ratna Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya was
the man behind the idea of Brindavan Garden.
• The stunning garden lies over 60 acres and modeled on the design of the Shalimar
Garden of Srinagar. It forms three steps of terraces ending in a shape of horseshoe.
• It is also one of the most beautiful terrace Gardens in the world.

7. MUGHAL GARDEN, RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN, DELHI
• The Rashtrapati Bhavan in Delhi has its own dedicated garden, dotted with beautiful
variety of flowers making it one of the most beautiful gardens in the country.
• The whole garden is divided into four parts- the main garden, the terrace garden, the
long garden or the Purdha garden and the circular garden.

8. PINJORE GARDEN, PANCHKULA, HARYANA
• . Pinjore Garden was originally built by Nawab Fidai Khan of Patiala Dynasty in
the 17th century.
• But due to lack of maintenance, the garden fell into ruins and it was Maharaja
Yadavindra Singh, the erstwhile king of the princely state of Patiala who
reconstructed the garden and restored it with the previous splendor.

9. NISHAT BAGH, SRINAGAR, J & K
• The second largest Mughal Garden of the valley and one of the most beautiful
gardens in the whole country.
• Nishat Bagh was a loving gift of Asif Khan to his siste Nur Jahan, the wife of the
Mughal Emperor Jahangir.

10. CHASHME SHAHI GARDEN, SRINAGAR, J & K
• Set amidst a spectacular backdrop of the Zabarwan Range, Chashme Shahi Garden is
another lovely example of the Mughal Gardens in Kashmir.
• Built by Ali Mardan, the governor of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in 1632, the garden is
situated around a spring, overlooking the Dal Lake

11. CHARACTERISTICS
• Bilateral symmetry
• Hardscape
• Proportions Perfect proportions with hedges, paths, flower beds, walls, and other garden
features
in proportion to each other to create a restful, peaceful, enduring ambiance that
emphasizes a control over the natural environment.
• Repetition Repetition of hardscape elements and plant material to provide rhythm and
strong balance
Geometric shapes
Ornaments
Man-made level topography

12. ELEMENTS OF A FORMALGARDEN
• Vertical interest and shape
• Water feature
• Pathways
• Focal point
• Greenery
• Color
• Texture
• Light

13. PRINCIPLES OF A FORMAL GARDEN
• Unity
• Unity results when all of the basic garden design principles come
together in a balanced, harmonious whole.
• Focusing on harmonious array of plants and other landscaping
materials.
• Good structure in the overall design, combined with hardscape
that meets the needs for service and enjoyment.
• Creates the perfect setting into which favorite plants are placed.

14. UNITY
• Unity results when all of the basic garden design principles come
together in a balanced, harmonious whole.
• Focusing on harmonious array of plants and other landscaping
materials.
• Good structure in the overall design, combined with hardscape
that meets the needs for service and enjoyment.
• Creates the perfect setting into which favorite plants are placed.

15. SCALE ANDPROPORTION
• It is important to keep the features in the garden to a human scale
and in proportion to each other.
• Paths need to be wide enough and spaces large enough for people
to move about freely.
• For example very tall planting in a small garden could make the
space feel very claustrophobic.
• A tall tree with only short planting in the rest of the garden may
look out of place.

16. RHYTHM
• Rhythm refers to the effect of repeating design features or effects
regularly to give the whole a unified feel.
• Use of long lines punctuated with uprights or green colors
punctuated with bright colors can give rhythm to a design.
• Formal gardens may use the same feature repeated to give rhythm;
informal gardens perhaps the same shape but in a different material
or color.

17. SUITABLE PLANTS
• Foliage plants are put into beds and rows.
• Hedges are common way to create geometric shapes and define paths.
• Boxwood shrubs being the most common type.
• Evergreen and semi evergreen plants are used

18. PLANNING A FORMAL-STYLE GARDEN
• PLOT AREA
• Large plot area is required.
• Usually made in public gardens and mansions.
• Maximum area 800 sq.ft.
• PLOT SHAPE
• A square and rectangular plot can be used.
• But an irregularly shaped area need to be trimmed in to a regular shape.