RURAL AGRICULTURAL WORK EXPERIENCE & AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT

1. Dr. KALAM AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
BIHAR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, SABOUR
RURAL AGRICULTURAL WORK EXPERIENCE & AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT
PRESENTED BY
AMANISH KUMAR (DKAC/049/2016-17)
UJJWAL KUMAR (DKAC/048/2016-17)
SOURABH KUMAR (DKAC/057/2016-17)
UJJWAL RAJ (DKAC/051/2016-17)
RAM MANISH KUMAR (DKAC/047/2016-17)
ZULKAR NAIN (DKAC/040/2016-17)

2. RAWEP & AIA
• Randhawa committee(1992) 1st
recommended the rural agriculture
work experience(RAWE) programme
for quality, practical and production
oriented education.
• It is programme in which student are
sent to KVK for aknowledgement of
farmer problems and get experience
about the work performance at the
centre.
• In this training, students will have to
study a problem in industrial perspective
• This will provide an industrial exposure
to the students as well as to develop their
career in the high tech industrial
requirements.
• Exposure to various aspects of
entrepreneurship during the programme
period.

3. OBJECTIVES OF RAWEP
• It gives the exposer to the student about farmer and their problems.
• It develop confidence in students to face the agricultural problems.
• It provide an opportunity to the student to understand the rural setting.
• It also provide chance to learn in field condition and understand work of farmers.
• It enhance the decision making aspects of students also.
• It build the communication skill to the individual.

4. KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA (FARM SCIENCE CENTRE)
• A krishi vigyan kendra (KVK) is an Agicultural Extension center.
• The first kvk was established in 1974 in Pondicherry.
• Established on the recommendation of Mohan Singh Mehta
committee.
• Father of KVK Dr. Chandrika prasad.
• At present no of KVK in india is 706.

5. KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA, JALALGARH
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jalalgarh, Purnea was established in Feb 2004.
• From its starting period till 4th August 2010 it was under administrative control of Rajendra
Agricultural University, Bihar, Pusa (Samastipur).
• With the formation of Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bhagalpur) presently it is under
administrative control of Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bhagalpur) from 5th August 2010.

6. MANDATES OF KVK JALALGARH
• Identification of problem of particular area.
• Technology trial (on farm trial) based on existing problem.
• Front line demonstration.
• GKMS
• Trainings:-
a. Farmers training
b. Rural youth training
c. Extension fuctionaries training.

7. SOME IMPORTANT GOVERNMENT SCHEMES IN AGRICULTURE
A. Soil Health Card Scheme
B. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
C. PM- Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojna
D. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)

8. PRADHAN MANTRI FASAL BIMA YOJNA
• The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana(PMFBY) launched
on 18 February 2016 by Prime Minister.
• It was formulated in line with One Nation–One Scheme theme
by replacing earlier two schemes National Agricultural
Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and Modified National Agricultural
Insurance Scheme (MNAIS).
• Providing financial support to farmers suffering crop
loss/damage arising out of unforeseen events.
• Stabilizing the income of farmers to ensure their continuance
in farming.
• Encouraging farmers to adopt innovative and modern
agricultural practices.

9. PM-KISAN SAMMAN NIDHI YOJNA
• Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi is an initiative by
the government of India in which all small and marginal farmers
will get up to ₹6,000 per year as minimum income support.
• 6,000 per year will be paid to each eligible farmer in three
instalments and will be deposited directly to their bank
accounts.
• PM-KISAN scheme aims to supplement the financial needs of
the SMFs in procuring various inputs to ensure proper crop
health and appropriate yields, commensurate with the
anticipated farm income at the end of the each crop cycle.
• This would also protect them from falling in the clutches of
moneylenders for meeting such expenses and ensure their
continuance in the farming activities.
• covers Small & Marginal farmer Up To 2 Hectares.

10. SOIL HEALTH CARD SCHEME
• Soil Health Card Scheme is a scheme
launched by the Government of India in
19 February 2015.
• Under the scheme, the government
plans to issue soil cards to farmers which
will carry crop-wise recommendations of
nutrients and fertilisers required for the
individual farms to help farmers to
improve productivity through judicious
use of inputs.

11. PRADHAN MANTRI KRISHI SINCHAI YOJANA
• It was launched on 1st July, 2015 with the motto of
‘Har Khet Ko Paani’
• PMKSY not only focuses on creating sources for
assured irrigation, but also creating protective
irrigation by harnessing rain water at micro level
through ‘Jal Sanchay’ and ‘Jal Sinchan’.
• Micro irrigation is to be popularised to ensure ‘Per
drop-More crop’

12. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
• Nutritive value-contains protein, vitamin B & D, sodium, potassium & phosphorus
• Medicinal value-antitumour, cholesterol reduction , antiviral/antibacterial properties
• Button mushroom and Oyster mushroomAre mostely cultivated
 Two types..
Poisonous- Amanita spp.
Non poisonous- Lentinula spp

13. STEP OF CULTIVATION OF OYSTER MUSHROOM
1.Place preparation
2. soaking of straw in hot water at 100 degree celcius for 15 to 30 minutes or soaking in
treated water for 24 hours.
3. drying of straw not on directly sunlight for optimum moisture.
4. Place soaked straw in spawn 10 cm high along straw edge .
5 .Add another layer of soaked straw to the spawn 10 cm high along straw edge
6.Continue process to fill spawn and top with straw
Type Growing time /
harvesting time
Favourable temp
(Degree celcius)
OYSTER MUSHROOM SEP-OCT / FEB-
MARCH 22-30
BUTTON MUSHROOM OCT-NOV /FEB-MAR 18-22

14. .
DRYINGBOILING OF
STRAW
BAGGING
READY TO
HARVEST

16. BLOCK LEVEL WEATHER BASED ADVISORY
SERVICES AT KVKS (IMD-ICAR)

17. WHY AGROMET ADVISORY SERVICES ?
• Even minor climatic variations can have a major impact on agricultural output .
• Long-term agricultural productivity and food security is affected by ongoing climate
variability.
• Over next 30 years food production needs to be doubled when climate change is
looming.
• Ability of the farmers to take decisions on farm operations needs to be enhanced by
empowering them with the advanced information on weather & Climate related
issues.
• Climatic information and weather forecast along with farm management options in the
form of advisories needs to be disseminated as first step.
• Access to dynamic technological development & its weather sensitivity improves
decision making ability further.

18. INFORMATION NEEDS OF FARMERS/PLANNERS
 Locale specific changes & variability in weather & climate
a. Weather forecast
a. Nowcasts, Short & Medium Range
b. Extended range, Seasonal Scale
 Crop Stresses & Pest/disease conditions and their prognosis
 Weather/climate based farm management
 Personalized advisory for farmers

19. WEATHER BASED FARM MANAGEMENT ADVISORY
• Cultivar Selection
• Sowing & Harvesting Dates
• Irrigation Management
• Plant Protection from Pest/Disease
• Livestock Management (Shelter, Health, Nutrition)
• Fertilizer Application
Emphasize Agromet Component in Advisories: Prepare crop wise matrix
of advisories for different weather phenomenon

20. IMD
130 AG.MET. FIELD UNITS
District Level Agencies
(DAO/KVK/ATMA/NGOs)
Preparation Of District
Wise Medium Range
Weather Forecast
By State Met Centre
Preparation Of
District Specific
Agro-advisories
For Concerned
Agro-climatic Zone
Biweekly-Tuesday & Friday
Dissemination Of
District Level
Agro-advisories
Farmers
(Through Media Agencies,
IT Service, Personal Contact)
District-wise
Agro-met data
Agro-climate level
agro-met data
Feedback analysis
Existing District Level Agromet Advisory Service System

21. PLANT PROTECTION
Disease of rice
Rice blast or rotten neck
C.O.-pyricularia oryzae
• Management -
Seed treatment –
Thiram@2.5 G/KG
Spray-
Mancozeb@0.3%

22. BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT
Causal organism- xanthomonas oryzae
Symptom -
 Initially kresek
 later stage – blightning start
Management-
 seed treatment –
streptomycin@0.015%

23. KHAIRA DISEASE OF RICE
Cause by Zn deficiency
Management-
 5kg ZnSo4 + 2.5kg lime per hactare.

24. DISEASE OF MAIZE
Seed rot of maize
Caused by – pythium aphanidermatum
Management-
• Seed treatment- capton @2g/kg seed
Bacterial stalk rot
Caused by – Erwinia crotoverta ver zea
Management-
Roguing of affected plant

25. INSECT-PEST OF RICE
Yellow stem borer
S. N. –scirpophaga incertulus
Symptom
• Dead heart
• White ear
Management
• carbofuron(furadon)@25KG per ha.
Rice gandhi bug
S. N. – leptocorisa acuta
Symptom
Nymph and adult suck milky juice
• Emits pungent smell
Management
• Hand collection of bug
• Spray -malathion50EC@675ml/ha

26. BROWN PLANT HOPPER
S.N.-Nilaparvata lugens
Symptom
• Nymph and adult suck the cell sap from
leaf.
• Serious pest in high yeilding.
Management
• Avoid high does of nitrogen.

27. INSECT PEST OF SOYABEAN
Bihar hairy caterpillar
S.N.-Spilosoma oblique
Young larvae feed mostly on under surface of leaf
Management
Intercropping with pigeon pea(2:1)
Spray –phosalone 35EC @1000ml / ha

28. BROWN PLANT HOPPER
S.N.-NILAPARVATA LUGENS
Symptom
• Nymph and adult suck the cell sap from
leaf.
• Serious pest in high yeilding.
Management
• Avoid high does of nitrogen.

29. INSECT-PEST OF MAIZE
Maize stem borer
S.N.-Chilo partellus
• Most destructive pest of maize

30. Fall armyworm
S.N –Spodoptera frugiperda
Management
Neem seed and kernal extract
Emamactin benzoate@2g per five liter of water
Alika @ 0.5 ml per liter of water

31. MAKHANA CULTIVATION AND PROCESSING
• Makhana (Euryale ferox Salisb) is an aquatic crop,
belonging to the family of Nympheaceae.
• It is commonly known as, Gorgon Nut or Fox Nut,
and grown in stagnant perennial water bodies like
ponds, land depressions, oxbow lakes, swamps and
ditches.
• Makhana seeds are also called as Black Diamond.
• It is a cash crop and marketed in the form of popped
Makhana commonly known as Makhana Lawa.
• Protein - 10 -12%. 100 gm
• CHO- 362 - kilo cal
• Fat - 0.1% - 0.5%

32. STEPS OF MAKHANA CULTIVATION
Putting Of Seeds
Either old seeds of previous crop or broadcasting of seeds on the
surface of water.
Seed Germination
Formation Of Plant lets
Transplantation Of Plant lets(if required)
Flowers Start Emerging
Fruits Start Coming Out
Bursting Of Matured Fruits
Floating Of Seeds On Water
Settling Of The Seeds

33. HARVESTING
Accumulation Of Seeds
Seeds Are Swung So As To Dry
Seeds Are Poured in Auka & Rolled

34. POST HARVEST PROCESSES
Sun drying &
Storage of seeds
Size Grading
Pre-heating &
Tempering
Roasting &
Popping
Polishing
Grading &
Packing