This latest presentation on lateral flow immunoassay development will provide a general overview of lateral flow assays, take you through the components of a typical lateral flow test strip, and will provide you with detail on the different detection methods which are employed. We will also describe how our products and custom services can greatly simplify the development of your lateral flow assay.
To find out more about Innova Biosciences' lateral flow assay development services visit our website:
https://www.innovabiosciences.com/b2b/lateral-flow-assay-development-service.html
Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), also known as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), combine antibody binding with enzymatic detection to quantify molecules of interest.
One of the main challenges for a versatile application of monitoring technologies in the
veterinary and food industry is to develop fast, quantitative and low cost devices that
can be used with minimal expertise. Most of the diagnostic technologies in use today
require laboratory facilities, expensive equipments and trained personnel. During the
last decade, a few technologies have been proposed and developed that fulfill most
requirements of versatility mentioned above. One of the most promising approaches is
the lateral flow immunoassay technique.
Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), also known as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), combine antibody binding with enzymatic detection to quantify molecules of interest.
One of the main challenges for a versatile application of monitoring technologies in the
veterinary and food industry is to develop fast, quantitative and low cost devices that
can be used with minimal expertise. Most of the diagnostic technologies in use today
require laboratory facilities, expensive equipments and trained personnel. During the
last decade, a few technologies have been proposed and developed that fulfill most
requirements of versatility mentioned above. One of the most promising approaches is
the lateral flow immunoassay technique.
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and its clinical significancerohini sane
A comprehensive presentation on Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and its clinical significance for MBBS, BDS, B Pharm & Biotechnology students to facilitate self- study.
Fluorescence- Activated Cell Sorter is a powerful technique used in cell sorting, cell-cycle analysis etc.
The presentation gives a basic understanding of the principle of FACS, instrumentation, interpretation of results, applications, how to do cell-cycle analysis using FACS and various troubleshooting tips.
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and its clinical significancerohini sane
A comprehensive presentation on Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and its clinical significance for MBBS, BDS, B Pharm & Biotechnology students to facilitate self- study.
Fluorescence- Activated Cell Sorter is a powerful technique used in cell sorting, cell-cycle analysis etc.
The presentation gives a basic understanding of the principle of FACS, instrumentation, interpretation of results, applications, how to do cell-cycle analysis using FACS and various troubleshooting tips.
it helps to known about ELISA ,it is one of the technique,, its type , its benefits & disadvantages , it also help to known about antigen,antidody, immunity etc
Elisa - an introduction to the basic principles and assay formats presentationExpedeon
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;
- Immunoassay utilising antibodies linked to enzymes for detection by colour change;
- Evolved from RIA in the 1960s;
- Antibody or analytebeing detected is absorbed to a solid surface, meaning unbound materials can be washed away with ease;
- With time, more techniques were developed and ELISA is now used to describe any assay where a molecule is absorbed on a solid phase.
Immunoassays have been used in hospitals, laboratory medicine, and research.
Improve the health and well-being of humans and animals.
Lead to improved therapeutic choices.
Used in the study of biological systems by tracking different proteins, hormones, and antibodies.
In industry, are used to detect contaminants in food and water, and in quality control.
Product polishing techniques in Downstream ProcessingErin Davis
This is a presentation based on gel permeation chromatography and dialysis.This mainly deals with the basic principle behind these techniques.and its working.The major components,advantages,disadvantages,applications are also mentioned in the same.Besides these the pictoric representation helps to understand the concept clearly.
This will be helpful to learn downstream processing techniques.
From Screening to QC: Development Considerations for Octet MethodsKBI Biopharma
The Octet is a powerful platform that can be used for rapid binding analysis of samples throughout development, stability testing and can be implemented or release of GMP material. For potency analysis of GMP materials, methods must demonstrate precision, accuracy, specificity and linearity across the range of specifications.
This is a powerpoint of automation in clinical chemistry. This comprises the definition of automation, steps of the analytical process, and detail about the continuous flow analyzer.Thus, this will be helpful for the students of medical laboratory, biochemistry students and teachers.
ELISA is a well know term that is an abbreviation of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. This microplate based technique relies on the use of an antibody that has been linked to an enzyme. In the presence of an appropriate substrate, enzymatic activity produces a color change as the ELISA readout, which can be measured and provides information about the presence and quantity of the target antigen in the sample material.
Electrophoresis is a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive analytical technique to study the properties of proteins and nucleic acids, and has become a principle tool in analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) can be used to analyze the size, amount, purity, and isoelectric point of polypeptides and proteins. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide discontinuous gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) is the most commonly used system whereby proteins become separated strictly by their size, but there are different variations of this technique.
Antibody-oligonucleotide (Ab-Oligo) conjugates have been used in
numerous applications from diagnostics to therapeutics and were
developed through an unmet need for precise and efficient detection of low-abundance proteins. Ab-Oligo conjugates have since played a significant role in enhancing an extensive range of biological techniques that include immunological and proteomic research, biomarker discovery, clinical diagnostics – including point-of-care, as well as other novel techniques. Antibodies can be readily conjugated to oligonucleotides via their amino acid residues, making them suitable for most in vitro applications, as they possess several functional groups.
His Tag Protein Production and PurificationExpedeon
The study of protein regulation, structure, and function relies heavily on the expression and purification of recombinant proteins. Many recombinant proteins are expressed as fusion proteins, meaning that they contain an affinity / epitope tag. A tag is a short sequence of DNA that codes for a specific amino acid, which is frequently inserted into a target gene at the point of coding for expression at either the N or C terminal of the protein required.
GELFrEE® 8100 Fractionation System Tech NoteExpedeon
Successful sample preparation is a key step during any analytical
procedure and begins with a defined experimental design. Important steps in sample preparation include proteolytic digestion of proteins into peptide fragments, and peptide fractionation. This is especially important prior to applications such as mass spectrometry (MS).
Antibody-oligonucleotide (Ab-Oligo) conjugates have been used in
numerous applications from diagnostics to therapeutics and were
developed through an unmet need for precise and efficient detection of low-abundance proteins.
Proteomics of small proteins from plant tissuesExpedeon
Small genes and the proteins that they encode can play important biological roles including signaling, development, and mediation of plant-microbe interactions in organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to mammals (Frith et al.; Basrai et al.; Galindo et al.; Hemm et al. 2008, 2010; Kastenmeyer et al.). However, genes that encode proteins containing <100 residues are difficult to identify reliably solely by DNA sequence analysis (Dinger et al.)
Proteomic profiling of fractionated post-myocardial infarctionExpedeon
Acute myocardial infarction remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Heart failure is the result of adverse remodeling of the collagenous scar that replaces the
damaged myocardium after MI. Markers of LV remodeling can be either identified in the circulation (e.g. serum or plasma) or detected in the heart by imaging technologies or biopsy.
NVoy technology is a quantum leap in protein processing, production and analysis. It uses proprietary NV polymers to enhance protein solubility and stability through the formation of multi-point reversible complexes with proteins without altering their structure.
Circular dichroism spectroscopy is an analytical technique used to estimate the secondary and tertiary structure of proteins. This technique can be used to confirm whether structure has been retained during protein processing, but is frequently adversely affected by additives such as solubility enhancers and detergents.
NVoy technology is a quantum leap in protein processing, production and analysis. It uses proprietary NV polymers to enhance protein solubility and stability through the formation of multi-point reversible complexes with proteins without altering their structure.
Protein processing and production is often hampered by the formation of aggregates that restrict and complicate
the handling of proteins, antibodies and enzymes. NVoy is designed to minimise the sequential losses in consecutive
protein processing steps which would otherwise dramatically reduce the overall protein yield.
NVoy technology is a quantum leap in protein processing, production and analysis. It uses proprietary NV polymers to enhance protein solubility and stability through the formation of multi-point reversible complexes with proteins without altering their structure.
NVoy technology is a quantum leap in protein processing, production and analysis. It uses proprietary NV polymers to enhance protein solubility and stability through the formation of multi-point reversible complexes with proteins without altering their structure.
Top down proteomics of soluble and integral membrane proteinsExpedeon
Mitochondria provide important cellular functions including
oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid biosynthesis, and acting as
gatekeepers to apoptosis.
GELFrEE1 affords rapid mass-based protein separation over a range 10-150 kDa. Here, we demonstrate a multiplexed design enabling increased loading capacity and throughput. We
demonstrate comprehensive analysis of the yeast proteome using GELFrEE coupled to LC-MS/MS analysis.
Identification and characterization of intact proteins in complex mixturesExpedeon
The ability to fully characterize proteins in their intact forms allows thorough biological investigation of the functional importance of changes such as post-translational modifications, protein isoforms/sequence variations, and protease cleavages.
Improved coverage of the proteome using gel eluted liquidExpedeon
It has long been understood that sample fractionation is critically important to generating quality, comprehensive proteomics data. In spite of the continual improvements in speed and sensitivity of mass spectrometers, these instruments are still unable to adequately overcome the enormous challenge
of most biological samples without multiple dimensions of separation prior to mass analysis.
Optimization of experimental protocols for cellular lysisExpedeon
In this project, we have compared existing sample preparation methods for proteomics studies against newly developed FASP method and our in-house developed SDS-TCA protocol. For our
preliminary studies, we have chosen a very well characterized soil microbe Pseudomonas putida.
Characterization of intact antibodies by pre-fractionation using gel electrop...Expedeon
Antibodies represent an important class of proteins due to their central role in the immune response. Moreover, there is an increasing interest in the use of recombinant antibodies as novel drug therapies.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
5. www.innovabiosciences.com
What is an immunoassay?
• An immunoassay is a bioanalytical method which relies on an
antibody: antigen interaction
• Western blotting
• Immunocytochemistry (ICC)
• Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
• Flow cytometry
• ELISA
• Sensitive
• Selective
• Applicable to the detection of a wide range of analytes
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What is the readout of an immunoassay?
• The first immunoassay, developed in 1959, detected radioactive
iodine131
• Handling and disposal issues are associated with the use of
radioactivity
• Alternative readouts have been developed
• Colorimetric
• Gold nanoparticles, latex beads, enzymatic conversion of a chromogenic substrate
• Fluorometric
• Fluorescent proteins, synthetic fluorescent dyes
• Chemiluminescent
• Enzyme-driven, a wide range of chemiluminescent substrates is available
7. www.innovabiosciences.com
What is a Lateral Flow Immunoassay?
• A lateral flow immunoassay is unidirectional, and is used to detect the
presence (or absence) of a target analyte in a sample
• Applicable to point-of-care (POC) testing
• Minimal amount of sample preparation
• Widely used in a variety of settings
• Rapidly growing market
Unilever’s Clearblue home pregnancy test
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When might a lateral flow immunoassay be used?
Animal health
Agriculture
Aquaculture
Medical
diagnostics
Food
safety
Environmental
monitoring
Drugs-of-abuse
testing
Forensic
science
Pregnancy &
fertility testing
Therapeutic
monitoring
Applications
Infectious disease
testing
9. www.innovabiosciences.com
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages Disadvantages
Applicability to point-of-care testing Restriction on total test volume can impose a
limit on sensitivity
Wide range of applications Test-to-test reproducibility can be
problematic
Relatively short timeline for development,
low cost
Qualitative or semi-quantitative readout
High sensitivity and specificity Unclear patent situation in some instances
Low sample volume required
Long shelf-life, no need for refrigeration
Simple, user-friendly operation
One-step assay, no wash steps necessary,
short time to result
Easily scalable
High potential for commercialization
Amenable to multiplexing
Can be integrated with reader systems
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The basis of a lateral flow immunoassay
• Sample application pad
• Conjugate release pad
• Membrane
• Wicking pad
• Plastic cassette
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The sample application pad
• An absorbent pad on to which the sample is
applied
• Typically a cellulose fiber or a woven mesh
• Promotes even, controlled sample transfer
• Cellulose fibers can be modified to allow pre-
treatment of the sample
• Reduce non-specific binding
• Increase sample viscosity
• Alter pH
• Remove red blood cells
• Pre-treatment is usually carried out by
immersion, followed by drying
Urine,
water,
blood etc
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The conjugate release pad
• An absorbent pad into which the detection
reagent has been dried
• Exhibits low non-specific binding
• A consistent bed volume is important to
ensure a constant amount of detection
reagent in each lateral flow test strip
• May require pre-treatment
• Increase wettability
• Decrease non-specific interactions
• Control pH
• The conjugate can be added to the pad via
dipping or dispensing methods
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The membrane
• Typically composed of nitrocellulose
• Capillary flow time - time taken for liquid to move
along and fill a membrane of defined length
• Capture antibodies are immobilized across the
membrane, usually in two distinct lines
• Instrumentation is required for precise application
of the capture antibodies
• A number of parameters require optimization
• Antibody concentration
• Antibody diluent
• Reagent dispensing rate
• Drying method
Capillary flow time
[analyte]
Effect of capillary flow time on
assay sensitivity
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The wicking pad
• Functions to increase the volume of sample
which enters the test strip
• Helps to reduce background
• Prevents backflow
• Can be used to optimize the volume of
sample that is taken up by the test strip
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The plastic cassette
• Ensures that the end user applies the sample only to the sample
application pad
• Protects the test strip
• Can be labeled
• Available as an off-the-shelf product
17. www.innovabiosciences.com
The detection reagent
• Typically antibodies which have been conjugated to gold
nanoparticles or latex beads
• Colorimetric readout, no development process required
• Fluorescent labels, enzymes, other colloidal metals and magnetic
particles can be used
• The antibody and the detection moiety should be of high quality to
ensure a successful lateral flow immunoassay
18. www.innovabiosciences.com
The detection reagent – the antibody
• A consistent supply of good quality antibodies is essential
• Availability for the lifetime of the finished product
• Antigen specificity
• Antibody stability
• Reactivity after adsorption to the conjugate release pad
• Tolerance of drying for a defined time period
• Instant reactivity following rehydration
• Monoclonal antibodies are preferred
• Unlimited supply
• High specificity
• Immunogen affinity purification is not required
Antibody recognition of a common
epitope results in binding to
multiple proteins
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The detection reagent – the antibody
• The binding affinity of the antibody should be assessed
Ab + Ag ⇌ Ab-Ag KD = [Ab] [Ag]
[Ab-Ag]
• A fast on-rate is critical to a successful lateral flow immunoassay
• ELISA testing is not predictive of antibody behaviour in a lateral flow
immunoassay
• Lateral flow evaluation should be introduced as early as possible during assay
development
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The detection reagent – the detection moiety
• Gold nanoparticles or latex beads are the most commonly
used detection moieties in lateral flow immunoassays
• These should be of a uniform size and of a regular spherical
shape
• Ensures a consistent rate of transfer
• Conjugation of the antibody to the detection moiety
should be simple, scalable and reproducible
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Preparation of the detection reagent
• There are several methods of attaching an antibody to a detection
moiety
• Passive adsorption
• Covalent attachment to surface-functionalized particles
• Attachment to pre-coated particles
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Passive adsorption
• Relies on hydrophobic attractions and electrostatic interactions
between the antibody and the particle
• Requires specialist knowledge and lengthy optimization
• Antibody titration
• Identification of a suitable buffer
• pH titration
• Innova Biosciences offers high quality colloidal gold for passive
adsorption of antibodies to ultra-stable gold nanoparticles
23. www.innovabiosciences.com
Colloidal gold from Innova Biosciences
• Uniform spherical shape
• Narrow size distribution
• Different nanoparticle sizes,
concentrations and pack
sizes available
• Fully scalable - available at
high concentration (>20 OD)
and large volume (litres) 10nm colloidal gold available as 20ml and 100ml pack size
20nm, 40nm and 80nm gold available as 10ml and 100ml pack size
10nm 20nm 40nm 80nm
1 OD
10 OD
15 OD
20 OD
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Colloidal gold from Innova Biosciences
• Stringently QC tested
• Consistent high quality
• Batch-to-batch reproducibility
• Detailed Certificate of Analysis supplied
with every batch
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Covalent attachment to nanoparticles
• Covalent attachment provides a number of advantages
over passive adsorption
• Increased conjugate stability
• Tighter control over assay variability
• Uses up to 2.5x less antibody than passive adsorption
• InnovaCoat® GOLD for covalent attachment of antibodies
to gold nanoparticles
• Latex conjugation kits for covalent attachment of
antibodies to colored latex beads
26. www.innovabiosciences.com
InnovaCoat® GOLD
• Gold nanoparticles with a proprietary surface
coating
• Covalent binding to form highly stable conjugates
• Metal-protein interactions are prevented
• Uniform spherical shape
• Narrow size distribution
• Stringently QC tested
• Available as easy-to-use conjugation kits, or
separately as carboxylated gold nanoparticles TEM image of a 40nm InnovaCoat®
GOLD coated nanoparticle
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InnovaCoat® GOLD conjugation kits
• Quick and easy to use
• The conjugate is ready for use within 20
minutes
• Extensive pH optimization is not necessary
• Allow rapid screening of multiple
antibodies for assay development
• Freeze-dried
• Ship at ambient temperature
• Long shelf-life
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InnovaCoat® GOLD product range
• Different nanoparticle sizes, pack sizes and conjugation chemistries
Conjugation kits 10nm 20nm 40nm 60nm 80nm Target chemistries
InnovaCoat® GOLD Amine groups
InnovaCoat® GOLD
Maleimide
Thiol groups (Fab’, oligo)
ORIENTATED CONJUGATION
InnovaCoat® GOLD
Hydrazide
Aldehyde groups (IgG, IgM)
ORIENTATED CONJUGATION
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InnovaCoat® GOLD
• InnovaCoat® GOLD targets primary amine (-NH2) groups
• AbPure™ kits for antibody concentration or buffer exchange
• InnovaCoat® GOLD Maleimide (-SH) and InnovaCoat®
GOLD Hydrazide (-CHO) facilitate orientated antibody
labeling
• InnovaCoat® GOLD Carboxyl (-COOH) is optimized for
single-step EDC coupling
30. www.innovabiosciences.com
Latex bead conjugation kits
• Quick and easy to use
• The conjugate is ready to use within 35 minutes
• Targets primary amine groups
• Stable covalent bond
• Specially treated beads prevent aggregation
• Extensive pH optimization is unnecessary
• Accessory kits for antibody concentration or buffer
exchange
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Other detection moieties
• Enzymes and fluorescent labels are alternative detection moieties
• Enzymatic readouts require downstream processing
• Fluorescent assays are more sensitive than colorimetric assays, but require a
specialized reader
• Lightning-Link® antibody labeling kits from Innova Biosciences
• Enzymes – HRP, Alkaline Phosphatase, Glucose Oxidase
• Wide range of fluorescent proteins and fluorescent dyes
33. www.innovabiosciences.com
Attachment to pre-coated particles
• Occasionally it may be preferable to use pre-coated particles as the
detection reagent in a lateral flow immunoassay
• The use of one detection method to label a number of different antibodies
during antibody screening can save time and money
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Basic troubleshooting
Issue Possible solution
Uneven lines Use membrane with different pore size
Reduce dispensing volume of reagent
Increase protein concentration of reagent
Check dispensing buffer composition
Check dispensing process
False positive signals Modify buffer in conjugate pad/solution
pH, salt concentration, surfactant concentration
Use a different conjugate
False negative signals See above, also:
Use membrane with smaller pore size
Increase sample volume
Uneven liquid fronts of migrating
sample
Check membrane shelf life
Use membrane with different/more surfactant
Check relative humidity (very low?)
Contact membrane supplier (membrane surface properties?)
Increase surfactant conc. in conjugate pad
36. www.innovabiosciences.com
Custom services
• InnovaCoat® GOLD nanoparticle conjugate micro-optimization service
• Production of 8 different antibody-gold nanoparticle conjugates using your
antibody, at your chosen scale
• InnovaCoat® GOLD custom conjugate formulation service
• Production of bulk quantities of antibody-gold nanoparticle conjugate
• Lateral flow assay development services
• Conjugation service
• Assay development
• Lateral flow immunoassay optimization
• Manufacturing strips for lateral flow immunoassays
37. www.innovabiosciences.com
Summary
• Rapidly growing market, wide range of applications
• Innova Biosciences’ products to facilitate colorimetric detection
• Colloidal gold
• InnovaCoat® GOLD
• Latex conjugation kits
• Pre-conjugated gold nanoparticles
• Custom services available
www.innovabiosciences.com
40. www.innovabiosciences.com
Get in touch..
For more information please get in touch or visit our website
www.innovabiosciences.com
+44 (0) 1223 661000
www.linkedin.com/company/innova-biosciences@InnovaBioSciwww.facebook.com/InnovaBiosciences