Abstract Emerging market like Asia and Africa are opening a big room of opportunities to do business. The companies which are already globally recognized have started acknowledging this issue and they are making their product and business strategies according to the user perceptions of these growing markets. In these markets where the bigger players are already present, how the local players and new companies can survive and harness the market profits in this competitive environment. This research work provides a conceptual model which can help the local and new companies in increasing their market share and profits within a short time period. This model listen’s the voice of customer and it also accounts the market trend, while designing or planning a product. Multi-factor evaluation process (MFEP) is used in this product development model and an exploratory example of mobile product is also given to clarify the implementation of this model. Keywords= Product technical specifications, New product development, Product design strategy, Voice of customer, Multi- Factor evaluation process (MFEP)
Innovation in Product Form And Function: Customer Perception Of Their Valueertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/innovation-in-product-form-and-function-customer-perception-of-their-value/
The goal of product design is to obtain the maximum effect with minimum cost in functionality and aesthetic beauty. Consumers are attracted to the designs that reflect their use behaviors and psychological responses more than they are to the simple visual representations. When product functions and qualities are similar across products, customers make their purchasing decision upon aesthetic form. Form presents a significant competitive factor that improves the value of a product. Overall, the purpose of this study is to examine the most important product design factors that affect the market share trends of mobile phone companies. Study uses product characteristics for 1,028 mobile phones released between 2003 and 2008 as a case study. The multiple linear regression analysis is used to select highly correlated variables that influence the market share, and Mallow's Cp method is used to determine the best-fitting model. The Partial Regression Coefficients are used to evaluate the relative importance of design criteria. The nine mobile phone design features that affect the market share were identified, and the block form style is determined as the most important design factor. Using these approaches, this study demonstrates how investments should be directed in the next mobile phone design process.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
Innovation in Product Form And Function: Customer Perception Of Their Valueertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/innovation-in-product-form-and-function-customer-perception-of-their-value/
The goal of product design is to obtain the maximum effect with minimum cost in functionality and aesthetic beauty. Consumers are attracted to the designs that reflect their use behaviors and psychological responses more than they are to the simple visual representations. When product functions and qualities are similar across products, customers make their purchasing decision upon aesthetic form. Form presents a significant competitive factor that improves the value of a product. Overall, the purpose of this study is to examine the most important product design factors that affect the market share trends of mobile phone companies. Study uses product characteristics for 1,028 mobile phones released between 2003 and 2008 as a case study. The multiple linear regression analysis is used to select highly correlated variables that influence the market share, and Mallow's Cp method is used to determine the best-fitting model. The Partial Regression Coefficients are used to evaluate the relative importance of design criteria. The nine mobile phone design features that affect the market share were identified, and the block form style is determined as the most important design factor. Using these approaches, this study demonstrates how investments should be directed in the next mobile phone design process.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
At various levels of decomposition we can
analysed the supply chain problem. At the first level problem
of supply chain management which is consist of many sub
problems as product design, customer services, logistic
management and others. We can define all the problems as
general and in specific way. These problems come at various
vertical direction of problem decomposition and these are
related with one particular issue for example inventory
management. Other way general problems are horizontal; they
deal with problems which require solving multiple specific
problems for example, ensuring customer service problems
from sales area as well as logistics.
Use Innovativeness for New Product Development: A Study on Users of Titan Wat...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Developing a new product requires understanding of consumers, conducting ethnography research, empathizing with the customers, finding their needs, looking at pain points . But more importantly, it is the adoption of the product by the consumer at the end of the day which matters. Estimating the product usage and his need satisfaction level is what helps the product to penetrate in market. Use innovativeness involves the use of previously adopted products in novel ways. As conceptualized by Price and Ridgway use innovativeness encompasses five factors: creativity/curiosity, risk preferences, voluntary simplicity, creative re-use and multiple use potential. Use innovativeness is measured by above scales and a conceptual model of post adoption process is developed. Understanding, the technology adaption life cycle by grouping consumers into Innovators, Early Adaptors, Early Majority, Late majority and Laggards, helps us strike a fine relation between product developed according to its use innovativeness and the stage of technology adoption cycle your product will mostly fall under. The conceptual model is then clubbed with framework for technology adaption cycle which will be useful for companies mainly product based, to understand its target consumers and the target market in hitting with highest probability of success. Companies looking at pivoting a product when the product doesn’t work in the market, is a painful task. Killing a product and it’s usage involves lot of time, effort and money. Developing a product understanding one’s target consumers and looking at their probable adoption is a difficult relation to strike. The Study and Analysis developed here after research of consumers and their use innovativeness in target segment helps us to put the product in right market, at right time and with right adoption purpose based on user innovativeness and will have a future scope of arriving at a framework that can help companies to launch a new product.
Selection of Best Alternative in Manufacturing and Service Sector Using Multi...csandit
Modern manufacturing organizations tend to face versatile challenges due to globalization,
modern lifestyle trends and rapid market requirements from both locally and globally placed
competitors. The organizations faces high stress from dual perspective namely enhancement in
science and technology and development of modern strategies. In such an instance,
organizations were in a need of using an effective decision making tool that chooses out optimal
alternative that reduces time, complexity and highly simplified. This paper explores a usage of
new multi criteria decision making tool known as MOORA for selecting the best alternatives by
examining various case study. The study was covered up in two fold manner by comparing
MOORA with other MCDM and MADM approaches to identify its advantage for selecting
optimal alternative, followed by highlighting the scope and gap of using MOORA approach.
Examination on various case study reveals an existence of huge scope in using MOORA for
numerous manufacturing and service applications.
Apply Web-based Analytic Tool and Eye Tracking to Study The Consumer Preferen...Waqas Tariq
Consumer’s preferences and purchase motivation of products often lie in the purchasing behaviors generated by the synthetic evaluation of form features, color, function, and price of products. If an enterprise can bring these criteria under control, they can grasp the opportunities in the market place. In this study, the product form, brand, and prices of five DSLR digital cameras of Nikon, Lumix, Pentax, Sony, and Olympus were investigated from the image evaluation and eye tracking. The web-based 2-dimensional analytical tool was used to present information on three layers. Layer A provided information of product form and brand name; Layer B for product form, brand name, and product price for the evaluation of purchase intention (X axis) and product form attraction (Y axis). On Layer C, Nikon J1 image samples of five color series were presented for the evaluation of attraction and purchase intention. The study results revealed that, among five Japanese brands of digital cameras, LUMIX GF3 is most preferred and serves as the major competitive product, with a product price of US$630. Through the visual focus of eye-tracking, the lens, curvatured handle bar, the curve part and shuttle button above the lens as well as the flexible flash of LUMIX GF3 are the parts that attract the consumer’s eyes. From the verbal descriptions, it is found that consumers emphasize the functions of 3D support lens, continuous focusing in shooting video, iA intelligent scene mode, and all manual control support. In the color preference of Nikon J1, the red and white colors are most preferred while pink is least favored. These findings can serve as references for designers and marketing personnel in new product design and development.
Optimal Alternative Selection Using MOORA in Industrial Sector - A ijfls
Modern manufacturing organizations tend to face versatile challenges due to globalization, modern
lifestyle trends and rapid market requirements from both locally and globally placed competitors. The
organizations faces high stress from dual perspective namely enhancement in science and technology and
development of modern strategies. In such an instance, organizations were in a need of using an effective
decision making tool that chooses out optimal alternative that reduces time, complexity and highly
simplified. This paper explores a usage of new multi criteria decision making tool known as MOORA for
selecting the best alternatives by examining various case study. The study was covered up in two fold
manner by comparing MOORA with other MCDM and MADM approaches to identify its advantage for
selecting optimal alternative, followed by extending MOORA with interval grey numbers, crisp and interval
grey number and whitening coefficient and future scope of the present work concentrate on highlighting the
scope and gap between MOORA, Multiplicative form of MOORA(MULTIMOORA) and Multi objective
optimization on the basis of simple ratio analysis (MOOSRA) for numerous manufacturing and service
applications.
Design and implementation of path planning algorithm for wheeled mobile robot...eSAT Journals
Abstract Path planning in mobile robots must ensure optimality of the path. The optimality achieved may be in path, time, energy consumed etc. Path planning in robots also depends on the environment in which it operates like, static or dynamic, known or unknown etc. Global path planning using A* algorithm and genetic algorithm is investigated in this paper. A known dynamic environment, in which a control station will compute the shortest path and communicate to the mobile robot and the mobile robot, will traverse through this path to reach the goal. The control station will keep track of the path traversed by the robot. The mobile robot navigates through the shortest path and if the robot detects any obstacle in the destined path, the mobile robot will update the information about the environment and this information together with the current location will be communicated to the control station. Then the control station, with the updated map of the environment and new starting location and destination recalculates the new shortest path, if any, and will communicate to the mobile robot so that it can reach the destination. The technique has been implemented and tested extensively in real-world experiments and simulation runs. The results demonstrate that the technique effectively calculates the shortest path in known dynamic environment and allows the robot to quickly accomplish the mission.
Simulation and experimental studies for lateral extrusion of square and penta...eSAT Journals
Abstract Recently, in different industries a surging trend has been observed in the demand of integral parts instead of assembled parts due to their increased strength. The components from lateral extrusion process are suitable for this purpose. Variations in load and flow direction of metal are greatly affected by the extruded geometry in this process. Keeping in view the above factors as an objective, an experimental die-punch set-up for lateral extrusion is designed and the process is simulated using finite element method both for estimation of load requirement and metal flow patterns. Experimental studies have been carried out to find the extrusion load and the direction of metal flow at different die geometry, taking lead as the billet material. The predictions both in extrusion load and the deformed configuration are in good agreement with the experiment qualitatively under different geometry conditions. Progressive flow of metal at different die geometry has also been studied. Index Terms: Die-punch, Finite element analysis, Forming load, Lateral extrusion, Metal flow pattern
Enhanced equally distributed load balancing algorithm for cloud computingeSAT Journals
Abstract Cloud Computing as the name suggests, it is a style of computing where different users uses the resources on the go i.e. over the Internet. In the recent era, this technology has emerged as a strong option for not only large scale organizations but also for small scale organizations that only access/use the resources what they want. In recent research study, many organizations lose significant part of their revenues in handling the requests given by the clients over the web servers i.e. unable to balance the load for web servers which results in loss of data, delay in time and increased costs. This Paper gives a new enhanced load balancing algorithm by which the performance of their web application can be increased. This Algorithm works on the major drawbacks such as delay in time, response to request ratio etc.
Comparison of the performance of trsaodv with aodv under blackhole attack in ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A MANET is a self configuring, decentralized network of mobile nodes with limited energy and bandwidth. They have dynamic
topology which means their topology keeps changing. These bring lot of challenges in routing. Since there is no central authority
the mobile nodes act both as hosts as well as routers. They provide great comfort due to their portability and ease of installation
with no infrastructure but their nature brings in security issues which could not be compromised which paves way for extensive
research. They are vulnerable to many attacks and one such attack, Black hole Attack is implanted and a Trust based AODV,
TRSAODV has been proposed to overcome the attack and a comparative analysis of proposed TRSAODV with AODV is done in
this paper.
KeyWords: MANET; Blackhole Attack; AODV; Trust; TRSAODV;
Friction and wear behavior of disc brake pad material using banana peel powdereSAT Journals
Abstract
Brake Pad material is a heterogeneous material and is composed of a few elements and each element has its own function. The ideal brake material should have constant coefficient of friction under various operating conditions such as applied loads, temperature, speeds and mode of braking. During adverse braking conditions excessive frictional heat is generated which results in the drop of coefficient of friction of the brake pad material. This drop in coefficient of friction is due to the degradation of resin which is associated with the loos of its binding ability. In order to maintain constant coefficient of friction at higher temperature new brake pad material has been formulated which retains the binding ability of the resin. The formulation of new brake pad material includes four friction composites containing 13 ingredients including phenolic resin and banana peel powder as a modified binder. A reciprocating friction monitor is used to carry friction and wear tests. Three tests via t1, t2 and t3 with different loads and temperatures were conducted for duration of 10 minutes. The results showed that the coefficient of friction increased at higher temperature and friction and wear characteristics indicate that banana peel powder can be effectively used to increase the binding ability of phenolic resin at higher temperature.
Keywords: Brake pad; Banana peel powder; Phenolic resin; Friction; Wear
Ntioxidant study of usnic acid and its derivative usnic acid diacetateeSAT Journals
Abstract
Currently interest towards the study of antioxidant efficiency of the lichen metabolites was given prior attention in the field of research. As the free radical accumulation in human cells causes several chronic diseases which can be eliminated with the help of antioxidants. In our present study we have isolated the lichen secondary metabolite Usnic acid from Usnea luridorufa and also prepared the acetyl derivative of Usnic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity of Usnic acid and Usnic acid diacetate under DPPH free radical scavenging, FRAP, Superoxide dismutase activity, Metal chelating activity, Phosphomolybdenum activity, Hydroxyl scavenging activity, Lipid peroxidation inhibiting activity were studied. The antioxidant potential of the Usnic acid and its derivative Usnic acid diacetate were compared. The IC50 value are also determined. Both the test compounds possesses significant antioxidant activity under the studies.
Keywords: Antioxidant efficiency, Usnic acid, diacetate, Tannic acid.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
At various levels of decomposition we can
analysed the supply chain problem. At the first level problem
of supply chain management which is consist of many sub
problems as product design, customer services, logistic
management and others. We can define all the problems as
general and in specific way. These problems come at various
vertical direction of problem decomposition and these are
related with one particular issue for example inventory
management. Other way general problems are horizontal; they
deal with problems which require solving multiple specific
problems for example, ensuring customer service problems
from sales area as well as logistics.
Use Innovativeness for New Product Development: A Study on Users of Titan Wat...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Developing a new product requires understanding of consumers, conducting ethnography research, empathizing with the customers, finding their needs, looking at pain points . But more importantly, it is the adoption of the product by the consumer at the end of the day which matters. Estimating the product usage and his need satisfaction level is what helps the product to penetrate in market. Use innovativeness involves the use of previously adopted products in novel ways. As conceptualized by Price and Ridgway use innovativeness encompasses five factors: creativity/curiosity, risk preferences, voluntary simplicity, creative re-use and multiple use potential. Use innovativeness is measured by above scales and a conceptual model of post adoption process is developed. Understanding, the technology adaption life cycle by grouping consumers into Innovators, Early Adaptors, Early Majority, Late majority and Laggards, helps us strike a fine relation between product developed according to its use innovativeness and the stage of technology adoption cycle your product will mostly fall under. The conceptual model is then clubbed with framework for technology adaption cycle which will be useful for companies mainly product based, to understand its target consumers and the target market in hitting with highest probability of success. Companies looking at pivoting a product when the product doesn’t work in the market, is a painful task. Killing a product and it’s usage involves lot of time, effort and money. Developing a product understanding one’s target consumers and looking at their probable adoption is a difficult relation to strike. The Study and Analysis developed here after research of consumers and their use innovativeness in target segment helps us to put the product in right market, at right time and with right adoption purpose based on user innovativeness and will have a future scope of arriving at a framework that can help companies to launch a new product.
Selection of Best Alternative in Manufacturing and Service Sector Using Multi...csandit
Modern manufacturing organizations tend to face versatile challenges due to globalization,
modern lifestyle trends and rapid market requirements from both locally and globally placed
competitors. The organizations faces high stress from dual perspective namely enhancement in
science and technology and development of modern strategies. In such an instance,
organizations were in a need of using an effective decision making tool that chooses out optimal
alternative that reduces time, complexity and highly simplified. This paper explores a usage of
new multi criteria decision making tool known as MOORA for selecting the best alternatives by
examining various case study. The study was covered up in two fold manner by comparing
MOORA with other MCDM and MADM approaches to identify its advantage for selecting
optimal alternative, followed by highlighting the scope and gap of using MOORA approach.
Examination on various case study reveals an existence of huge scope in using MOORA for
numerous manufacturing and service applications.
Apply Web-based Analytic Tool and Eye Tracking to Study The Consumer Preferen...Waqas Tariq
Consumer’s preferences and purchase motivation of products often lie in the purchasing behaviors generated by the synthetic evaluation of form features, color, function, and price of products. If an enterprise can bring these criteria under control, they can grasp the opportunities in the market place. In this study, the product form, brand, and prices of five DSLR digital cameras of Nikon, Lumix, Pentax, Sony, and Olympus were investigated from the image evaluation and eye tracking. The web-based 2-dimensional analytical tool was used to present information on three layers. Layer A provided information of product form and brand name; Layer B for product form, brand name, and product price for the evaluation of purchase intention (X axis) and product form attraction (Y axis). On Layer C, Nikon J1 image samples of five color series were presented for the evaluation of attraction and purchase intention. The study results revealed that, among five Japanese brands of digital cameras, LUMIX GF3 is most preferred and serves as the major competitive product, with a product price of US$630. Through the visual focus of eye-tracking, the lens, curvatured handle bar, the curve part and shuttle button above the lens as well as the flexible flash of LUMIX GF3 are the parts that attract the consumer’s eyes. From the verbal descriptions, it is found that consumers emphasize the functions of 3D support lens, continuous focusing in shooting video, iA intelligent scene mode, and all manual control support. In the color preference of Nikon J1, the red and white colors are most preferred while pink is least favored. These findings can serve as references for designers and marketing personnel in new product design and development.
Optimal Alternative Selection Using MOORA in Industrial Sector - A ijfls
Modern manufacturing organizations tend to face versatile challenges due to globalization, modern
lifestyle trends and rapid market requirements from both locally and globally placed competitors. The
organizations faces high stress from dual perspective namely enhancement in science and technology and
development of modern strategies. In such an instance, organizations were in a need of using an effective
decision making tool that chooses out optimal alternative that reduces time, complexity and highly
simplified. This paper explores a usage of new multi criteria decision making tool known as MOORA for
selecting the best alternatives by examining various case study. The study was covered up in two fold
manner by comparing MOORA with other MCDM and MADM approaches to identify its advantage for
selecting optimal alternative, followed by extending MOORA with interval grey numbers, crisp and interval
grey number and whitening coefficient and future scope of the present work concentrate on highlighting the
scope and gap between MOORA, Multiplicative form of MOORA(MULTIMOORA) and Multi objective
optimization on the basis of simple ratio analysis (MOOSRA) for numerous manufacturing and service
applications.
Design and implementation of path planning algorithm for wheeled mobile robot...eSAT Journals
Abstract Path planning in mobile robots must ensure optimality of the path. The optimality achieved may be in path, time, energy consumed etc. Path planning in robots also depends on the environment in which it operates like, static or dynamic, known or unknown etc. Global path planning using A* algorithm and genetic algorithm is investigated in this paper. A known dynamic environment, in which a control station will compute the shortest path and communicate to the mobile robot and the mobile robot, will traverse through this path to reach the goal. The control station will keep track of the path traversed by the robot. The mobile robot navigates through the shortest path and if the robot detects any obstacle in the destined path, the mobile robot will update the information about the environment and this information together with the current location will be communicated to the control station. Then the control station, with the updated map of the environment and new starting location and destination recalculates the new shortest path, if any, and will communicate to the mobile robot so that it can reach the destination. The technique has been implemented and tested extensively in real-world experiments and simulation runs. The results demonstrate that the technique effectively calculates the shortest path in known dynamic environment and allows the robot to quickly accomplish the mission.
Simulation and experimental studies for lateral extrusion of square and penta...eSAT Journals
Abstract Recently, in different industries a surging trend has been observed in the demand of integral parts instead of assembled parts due to their increased strength. The components from lateral extrusion process are suitable for this purpose. Variations in load and flow direction of metal are greatly affected by the extruded geometry in this process. Keeping in view the above factors as an objective, an experimental die-punch set-up for lateral extrusion is designed and the process is simulated using finite element method both for estimation of load requirement and metal flow patterns. Experimental studies have been carried out to find the extrusion load and the direction of metal flow at different die geometry, taking lead as the billet material. The predictions both in extrusion load and the deformed configuration are in good agreement with the experiment qualitatively under different geometry conditions. Progressive flow of metal at different die geometry has also been studied. Index Terms: Die-punch, Finite element analysis, Forming load, Lateral extrusion, Metal flow pattern
Enhanced equally distributed load balancing algorithm for cloud computingeSAT Journals
Abstract Cloud Computing as the name suggests, it is a style of computing where different users uses the resources on the go i.e. over the Internet. In the recent era, this technology has emerged as a strong option for not only large scale organizations but also for small scale organizations that only access/use the resources what they want. In recent research study, many organizations lose significant part of their revenues in handling the requests given by the clients over the web servers i.e. unable to balance the load for web servers which results in loss of data, delay in time and increased costs. This Paper gives a new enhanced load balancing algorithm by which the performance of their web application can be increased. This Algorithm works on the major drawbacks such as delay in time, response to request ratio etc.
Comparison of the performance of trsaodv with aodv under blackhole attack in ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A MANET is a self configuring, decentralized network of mobile nodes with limited energy and bandwidth. They have dynamic
topology which means their topology keeps changing. These bring lot of challenges in routing. Since there is no central authority
the mobile nodes act both as hosts as well as routers. They provide great comfort due to their portability and ease of installation
with no infrastructure but their nature brings in security issues which could not be compromised which paves way for extensive
research. They are vulnerable to many attacks and one such attack, Black hole Attack is implanted and a Trust based AODV,
TRSAODV has been proposed to overcome the attack and a comparative analysis of proposed TRSAODV with AODV is done in
this paper.
KeyWords: MANET; Blackhole Attack; AODV; Trust; TRSAODV;
Friction and wear behavior of disc brake pad material using banana peel powdereSAT Journals
Abstract
Brake Pad material is a heterogeneous material and is composed of a few elements and each element has its own function. The ideal brake material should have constant coefficient of friction under various operating conditions such as applied loads, temperature, speeds and mode of braking. During adverse braking conditions excessive frictional heat is generated which results in the drop of coefficient of friction of the brake pad material. This drop in coefficient of friction is due to the degradation of resin which is associated with the loos of its binding ability. In order to maintain constant coefficient of friction at higher temperature new brake pad material has been formulated which retains the binding ability of the resin. The formulation of new brake pad material includes four friction composites containing 13 ingredients including phenolic resin and banana peel powder as a modified binder. A reciprocating friction monitor is used to carry friction and wear tests. Three tests via t1, t2 and t3 with different loads and temperatures were conducted for duration of 10 minutes. The results showed that the coefficient of friction increased at higher temperature and friction and wear characteristics indicate that banana peel powder can be effectively used to increase the binding ability of phenolic resin at higher temperature.
Keywords: Brake pad; Banana peel powder; Phenolic resin; Friction; Wear
Ntioxidant study of usnic acid and its derivative usnic acid diacetateeSAT Journals
Abstract
Currently interest towards the study of antioxidant efficiency of the lichen metabolites was given prior attention in the field of research. As the free radical accumulation in human cells causes several chronic diseases which can be eliminated with the help of antioxidants. In our present study we have isolated the lichen secondary metabolite Usnic acid from Usnea luridorufa and also prepared the acetyl derivative of Usnic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity of Usnic acid and Usnic acid diacetate under DPPH free radical scavenging, FRAP, Superoxide dismutase activity, Metal chelating activity, Phosphomolybdenum activity, Hydroxyl scavenging activity, Lipid peroxidation inhibiting activity were studied. The antioxidant potential of the Usnic acid and its derivative Usnic acid diacetate were compared. The IC50 value are also determined. Both the test compounds possesses significant antioxidant activity under the studies.
Keywords: Antioxidant efficiency, Usnic acid, diacetate, Tannic acid.
Investigation on the behaviour of alfa composite in pre and post heat treated...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Of the many types of particulate reinforcements fly ash is one type that is being used from the recent past to develop the composites. In the current research fly ash is reinforced in the aluminium alloy AA2024 to develop ALFA (ALuminium Fly Ash) composites. The stir casting technique is employed in the development of the said composite as this technique is economical and would produce a composite with fairly uniform distribution of the fly ash reinforcement in the alloy matrix. The fly ash was added in 2.5 and 5% by weight to the molten metal. Increase in the percentage weight of fly ash reinforcement resulted improvement in the mechanical properties. The composite is tested for hardness, tensile strength and wear performance under pre-heat treatment, as quenched and in peak hardened conditions. The peak hardened composite showed a superior hardness, tensile strength and wear resistance than the others.
Keywords: stir casting, fly ash composites, heat treatment, and characterization
A low noise band pass filter using an x-band injection-locked gunn oscillatoreSAT Journals
Abstract
In this paper, we report the design and implementation of a low-noise, tunable, active microwave band pass filter (BPF) which
incorporates an injection-locked Gunn oscillator. The BPF has a centre frequency of 10.30 GHz and a 3-dB bandwidth of 52
MHz. Calculation shows that this active BPF can reduce the input signal AM noise by at least 38 dB. This BPF possesses signal
amplification as well as signal tracking property.
Keywords: Injection-locking, Bandpass filter, X-band, Gunn oscillator, Amplitude noise.
Study effects of various dosage of polypropylene fiber and different dosage o...eSAT Journals
Abstract The perception of use polymer modified mortar is well known in repair engineering, which includes various % of styrene butadiene rubber, acrylic and other materials. The worry should not be solely with repair materials but with the uses to which they are being to put and lack of awarenessof material during application, Material (say mortar) and end product(composite repair)will not perform and then less durable. In this paper, effects of 10%, 15%and 20% of SBR in polymer modified mortar as well as polypropylene fibre in the range of 0% to 1% on compressive strength has been studied.
Department, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering for Women, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
With the wide - spread use of image retrieval in various areas such as crime investigation, medical diagnosis, intellectual
property rights, etc, today’s need is to enhance the image retrieval process. In our research, we are combining Text Based Image
Retrieval (TBIR) method with Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) method to enhance image retrieval. The base of CBIR is to
extract different image features, such as Color, Shape and Texture. To improve the accuracy, we are using combination of most
efficient feature extraction algorithms. We are using RGB to Lab conversion for color feature extraction, Modified Canny edge
detection algorithm with variable sigma for shape feature extraction, Framelet transform method for texture feature extraction.
For improving the speed of image retrieval process using TBIR, we are implementing automatic annotation technique. Images are
annotated automatically without human intervention. It improves speed. Approximately one to two thousand images are stored in
the database. Features are extracted from these images and stored into the database. Query images are processed in the similar
way and similarity matching between query and database images is done through Hybrid Graph method. For that purpose, we
have to generate image to image graph from extracted feature vectors and image to tag graph from database. Combining both
these graphs, we get the Hybrid graph. Thus, the process of image retrieval is becoming efficient in both terms accuracy and time.
Also, user can give input in terms of query image or textual query or sketch. This improves human – friendliness of this system.
Keywords: feature extraction, Lab, Modified Canny detection, Framelet transform, automatic annotation, similarity
matching, Hybrid Graph, etc.
Impact of industries on ground water quality by comparison between hoshangaba...eSAT Journals
Abstract India is a developing country, so the industrialization is increasing day by day. Industrialization shows the growth of country but these industries also effects the ground water quality, in a direct manner as well as indirect manner. My case study aim to show impact of industries on ground water quality by comparison between an industrial (Mandideep) and non-industrial (Hoshangabad) area. For this, four different source of different locations are selected for analyzing the parameter pH, Total Hardness, Sulphate,Chloride, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), T.D.S., T.H., T.A ,compared theses result to WHO and ISI standards and also these parameters compared between both the cities. Keywords: Ground water quality, Pollution, Lake
Delay measurement technique using signature register for small delay defect d...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper proposes an method for testing a circuit in order to improve defect coverage of delays due to resistive open and close. The proposed method uses a signature analysis and a scan design to detect small delay defects. This measures the delay of the explicitly sensitized paths with the resolution of the on-chip variable clock generator. The proposed scan design measures the small delay in short measurement time by delay measurement technique and extra latches for storing the test vectors. By evaluating with Rohm 0.18-μm process shows that the measurement time is 67.8% reduced compared with that of the delay measurement with standard scan design and the area overhead is larger than that of the delay measurement architecture using standard scan design. Index Terms: Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI), Large Scale Integration (LSI), Design for Testability (DFT)
Capacity utilization for product mix using operation based time standard eval...eSAT Journals
Abstract In this paper, a systematic and quantitative view is presented for the application of time study in woodworking furniture industry. The study is done in panel conversion plant on five CNC machines for various operations. For the calculation of cycle time, machining time calculator is developed and the operation research technique of mathematical programming is used for the capacity calculation of product mix. This makes manager to make faster decision in outsourcing problem and to improve the financial performance of the company. Keywords - Capacity utilization, cycle time, linear programming, manufacturing, time study
Automatic wiper using piezoelectric materialeSAT Journals
Abstract
‘Piezoelectric Material’ is a boon to the modern world where scarcity of resources is major problem. The project is all about
running the wiper of a vehicle by using piezoelectric effect. In this process, a circuit is build using components like piezoelectric
material, capacitor, relay and wiper motor. The circuit runs automatically when the rain drops presses the piezoelectric material
which generates electricity, which in turn is stored in capacitor till a required voltage, is reached to close the relay system to run
the wiper motor. This process helps us to utilize the kinetic energy of the rain drops which would otherwise have gone wasted in
the form of heat energy, sound energy and vibratory energy.
Key Words: Piezoelectric Effect, Transducer, Sensor, Wiper.
Design and analysis of a tubular space frame chassis of a high performance ra...eSAT Journals
Abstract Formula Student Racing competitions are held at various Formula SAE circuits globally. Students from different colleges worldwide thrive to build a Formula style race car to compete at these events. In lieu to the competition rules and regulations it is important to design the chassis of the car with utmost priority. The major challenge posed is to design and fabricate a light weight car without compromising on the safety of the driver. The car has to be rigidly fabricated at minimal expense. The work in this paper is based on the team NITK Racing’s Car; the DICV NR XIV. This paper showcases various methods of material selection, design optimization techniques and Finite element analysis (FEA) using ANSYS. The basic design is based on the anthropological data of the specified human (95th percentile male) allowing fast ingress and egress from the car. Following the final design selection the static structural analysis of the car was done and the consequent results have been plotted. The entire design and analysis process is based on FSAE 2013 rule book and knowledge of designing and manufacturing yesteryear’s car. Keywords: ergonomics, finite element analysis, roll cage, torsional rigidity, tubular space frame chassis, and validation test setup
Design and analysis of drive shaft for heavy duty truckeSAT Journals
Abstract
Drive shafts in commercial heavy duty vehicle are subjected to cyclic loads due to variation in the torque demanded by the
varying road loads. Cases of failure of the drive shaft of heavy duty trucks have been reported, which provides an opportunity to
investigate the issue.
In this project an attempt has been made on prediction of fatigue life of the drive shaft using FEA technique. The load spectrum
acting on the drive shaft is calculated for specified terrain. Structural analysis was carried out on the FE model of drive shaft, and
potential areas of high stress concentration are obtained. Von Mises stress, fatigue damage, fatigue life, factor of safety and total
deformation are the results of fatigue analysis.
It was observed that from the static analysis that the roots of the splines are the areas of high stress concentration. The fatigue
analysis revels that the drive shaft fails in the region of high stress concentration as expected. The fatigue life of the component is
found to be infinite for design pay load. The life of the drive shaft for 40% and 50% over load is 69806 kilometers and 20564
kilometers respectively. The present work can be used in automobile industry as a reference for predicting life of any component,
in the drive line of the automobile subjected to non constant amplitude loading.
Keywords: Fatigue, Cumulative Damage, Stress-life, Duty cycle, Numerical Fatigue Analysis, Palmgren-Miner Linear
damage rule, Rain-flow cycle counting.
Utilization of pulverized plastic in cement concrete as fine aggregateeSAT Journals
Abstract Disposal of used Plastics is a major problem in the present era, as the usage of plastics is growing day by day and it takes hundreds of years for plastic material to degrade. So effective ways to recycle & reuse of plastics are being formulated. According to their composition, plastics have been classified into seven types each having their own recycle rate. One such type HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) was taken into consideration as it was easily available & had higher density than other types. The used plastics were collected , ground into smaller components , melted & pulverized in order to get granules of plastic of about 1mm size. The density of the Pulverized plastic was found to be 460 kg/m3 & its specific gravity was 0.46. Sieve analyses were carried out & about 75% of the plastics were found to be in the range of 1 -1.7mm. 45 nos. of 15cm x15cm x15cm cement concrete Cubes of 1:1:2 (M 25) mix were cast for 0% ,25% , 50% , 75% , 100 % sand being replaced with Pulverized plastic material. Volumetric proportioning was adopted instead of design mix since the density of plastic material was too low. Workability test, weight and compressive strength of the cubes were determined. The test results revealed that the yield as well as the ultimate strength of concrete at seventh day decreased by about 3 to 3.2 N/mm2 for 25%replacement & 4 to 6.5 N/mm2 for higher replacements of Plastic when compared to conventional concrete The ultimate as well as the yield strength of concrete at 14th day & 28th day decreased by about 0.2 to 1 N/mm2for 25%replacement & 9.1 to 14.6 N/mm2 for higher replacements of Plastic when compared to conventional concrete The water Cement ratio was also found to increase with the proportion of Plastics for a slump of 10 mm & weight of the cube decreased with an increase in replacement of Sand by Plastic Material. Thus it is inferred that Replacement of sand by plastic up to 25% can be adopted so that disposal of used plastic can be done as well the deficiency of Natural aggregates can be managed effectively.
An Analysis to Determine the Priority Emotional Design in Kansei Engineering ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The customer satisfaction is as the challenges on
how they can deliver the quality of product for their success
and survival in today’s competitive environment. Based on
this reason, this research is carried out to identify and
investigate the satisfaction toward the customer requirement
of the product development based on their emotional feeling
and how deep we can intepret those meanings behind the
quality attributes in product. This study highlights the
integration study between Kansei Engineering (KE) and
Analythical Hierachy Process (AHP) which in practice
towards the product development. KE used to find, obtain
and interpret emotional needs of consumers of a product,
investigate what the customer requirement based on their
emotional feeling articulated in Semantic Differential scale
context. In order to support, the research is conducted among
100 respondents as a sample size towards car user in Klang
Valley, Malaysia. Studies proved and showed that there an
existing correlation appears and significant findings between
the emotional design quality and product chosen. A daily life
product will be used as case studies (car center stack), as a
real situation feature to apply the idea. Results, by using the
Analythical Hierachy Process (AHP) as a decision maker, the
design No 2, is the best design selected among 4 final designs
in concept generation. It gives the emotional feeling of Ideal
(Kansei Word). The ideal design of the car center stack is the
design that has practical arrangement and not too fancy and
too crowded in the middle of the stack. This study found that
and shows us that the perceived attributes or qualities is
impacted or influenced against the emotional design.
Selection of Supplier by Using Saw and Vikor MethodsIJERA Editor
Now a days, Lean manufacturing becomes a key strategy for global competition. In this environment the most important process is the efficient selection of suppliers. In any organization various criteria such as quality, cost, location etc are used for the selection of supplier which plays a vital role in the industry. In the present work multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are used such as SAW method and VIKOR method. It is used to select the best supplier for implementing the spring manufacturing industry. Choice of the efficient supplier could be a complicated and is a complex problem and this draw back associate degreed a key success for an organization. In this paper linguistic fuzzy data is used to search out the ratings and weights and also the introduced methodologies employed to pick the efficient supplier
A-Well defined raw material specifications of product and its components, a k...IJERA Editor
New product design and development indeed needs long termvision for better product life and hence to have
better product features the design team has to take into consideration various techno-commercial aspects
todesign and develop most adequate new product. Normally in case of new product design all related activities
are initiated by the team of technicians under the directive jointly given by top and marketing management of
the concerned organization. Due to global competition in the market the product requirements are needed to be
carefully identified so as to make the product more user friendly to the customers. Considering this it is quite
obvious that top priority is for product performance considerations at the same time they have to establish the
product cost to make it more competent in the market. Due to these constraints recently the design and
development function has no more remained the responsibility technocrats but it has become techno-commercial
activity. One should treat this as design and development joint activity to be performed by the dedicated team of
techno-commercial people who are well equipped with sound technical knowledge so as to design the best
possible product. Due to this reason the primary design activity is seen to be interfacing with various
departments such as Marketing, Materials, Tool room ,Manufacturing, Vendor development and many other
related departments and valuable in puts from them are badly needed at the initial phase of product design and
development. This helps in identifying the product needs at various manufacturing stages well in advance. This
ultimately helps the design department to deliver the most adequate product with no operational problems and
product is ready to satisfy customer’s needs which ultimately leads to growth of organization through smooth
product life cycle management.
Supply Chain Optimization under New Product Development and Emergence of Risk...IIJSRJournal
In this paper, a comprehensive multi-objective model has been proposed to optimize a supply chain when new product launches and risks emerge. In doing so, primarily, a set of risks and needed mitigation strategies are identified; secondly, the essential criteria of new product development (NPD) are introduced. These criteria are then weighted by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach. Based on the calculated weights, manufacturers, which are the model’s second echelon are being ranked by the fuzzy-TOPSIS method. Since the model is of non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness (np-hard), due to its complexity, two different meta-heuristic algorithms –multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II)- are conducted. Finally, the outputs of these algorithms are compared from the indices of quality, dispersion, and uniformity. The results illustrate that the production cost is of the highest rating among the most critical NPD criteria. The performance comparison of both aforementioned meta-heuristic algorithms reveals that MOPSO has the higher capability to explore the feasible region and solve the problem than NSGA-II. Whereas, from the aspect of run-time efficiency, NSGA-II has a faster execution time than MOPSO.
A Proactive Attitude Toward Quality: The Project Defect ModelBen Linders
Over the last decade, the software industry has been investing heavily in software process improvement, such as CMM(I) initiatives. But achieving higher CMMI levels does not guarantee business success. Being able to define strategic business objectives and implementing a derived product development strategy with a proactive attitude toward quality determines whether one is successful in the long run.
This article focuses on the importance of quality, where the existing approach toward dealing with quality in the late testing phase is criticized. The author discusses how quality can be managed proactively, using an example from industry. Ericsson R&D Netherlands defined a project defect model and ran a pilot project to manage quality
throughout product development.
The case study describes a best practices approach to the development of a whole product roadmap for laboratory information management system (LIMS) software to support next-generation sequencing (NGS) for translational and clinical genomic research.
Running head Researching the Market .docxtoltonkendal
Running head: Researching the Market 1
Researching the Market 2
MKTG630-1801B Applied Managerial Marketing
Unit 2: IP Resaerching the Market
Crystal Randolph
February 28, 2018
Colorado Technical University
Repurposed: “This task contains portions of material that were originally submitted during the MSHCM in Healthcare Marketing Strategies& HCM673 with Paul.”
MEMORANDUM
ACTION ITEM
To:
Mitchelle, Market Product Manager
From:
(Student’s Name), Marketing Manager, Product Development
Date:
25 February 2018
Subject:
The Future of Integrated Reporting MM
AT ISSUE
The company wants to launch a new product in the global market platform to increase sales and boost its customer basis. However, many considerations have to be made when it comes to the launch of the product.
Demographic Features of the Target Market
The target market has many customers and consumers who are always happy about new products that are able to change their current needs. Most of the customers have a changing preference for products when a better alternative one exists to serve their needs. The customers also ensure that they purchase products based on their quality and accessibility (Akgun, Keskin, Ayar, & Etlioglu, 2017). They carry out research constantly to enable them to acquire information relating to any products launched in the market. They are inquisitive in a manner that they have to look for the best features in a product before purchasing it. The above features enable an organization to launch high definition products to attract the customers. It also influences organizations to know how, where, and what makes the products become better for the market. The desires of the consumer are discovered in many ways, but one proven way has been through market segmentation (Thomas, 2015). Market segmentation is most often a two-step process. The initial step is quantitative research and the latter is qualitative research. Quantitative data usually identifies the target population, while qualitative research identifies insight into what the population feels, and how they act. Distinguishing is the initial phase in making a methodology for the global marketing. Understanding the intended or target audience is an essential next step. Most marketing material and media sites are created and composed utilizing second-person as though the global consumer were the one choosing by the MM or settling on the choices (Randolph, 2016-re-purposed).
Location of the Target Market
The location of the target market may be India and China due to the huge population found in the two nations. Market segmentation reports show that the two countries have a huge population of consumers, which means that the product will acquire a huge profit basis for its first week of sale ...
Framing is a critical piece in ensuring the right segments and needs are being satisfied. This white paper explores our technique to identify and organize around such.
Similar to A concept based model for product development in the emerging market (20)
Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete for pavementseSAT Journals
Abstract
The effect of addition of mono fibers and hybrid fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete mixture is studied in the present
investigation. Steel fibers of 1% and polypropylene fibers 0.036% were added individually to the concrete mixture as mono fibers and
then they were added together to form a hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Mechanical properties such as compressive, split tensile and
flexural strength were determined. The results show that hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength marginally as compared to
mono fibers. Whereas, hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength noticeably.
Keywords:-Hybridization, mono fibers, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, Improvement in mechanical properties.
Material management in construction – a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to understand about all the problems occurring in the company because of improper application
of material management. In construction project operation, often there is a project cost variance in terms of the material, equipments,
manpower, subcontractor, overhead cost, and general condition. Material is the main component in construction projects. Therefore,
if the material management is not properly managed it will create a project cost variance. Project cost can be controlled by taking
corrective actions towards the cost variance. Therefore a methodology is used to diagnose and evaluate the procurement process
involved in material management and launch a continuous improvement was developed and applied. A thorough study was carried
out along with study of cases, surveys and interviews to professionals involved in this area. As a result, a methodology for diagnosis
and improvement was proposed and tested in selected projects. The results obtained show that the main problem of procurement is
related to schedule delays and lack of specified quality for the project. To prevent this situation it is often necessary to dedicate
important resources like money, personnel, time, etc. To monitor and control the process. A great potential for improvement was
detected if state of the art technologies such as, electronic mail, electronic data interchange (EDI), and analysis were applied to the
procurement process. These helped to eliminate the root causes for many types of problems that were detected.
Managing drought short term strategies in semi arid regions a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
Drought management needs multidisciplinary action. Interdisciplinary efforts among the experts in various fields of the droughts
prone areas are helpful to achieve tangible and permanent solution for this recurring problem. The Gulbarga district having the total
area around 16, 240 sq.km, and accounts 8.45 per cent of the Karnataka state area. The district has been situated with latitude 17º 19'
60" North and longitude of 76 º 49' 60" east. The district is situated entirely on the Deccan plateau positioned at a height of 300 to
750 m above MSL. Sub-tropical, semi-arid type is one among the drought prone districts of Karnataka State. The drought
management is very important for a district like Gulbarga. In this paper various short term strategies are discussed to mitigate the
drought condition in the district.
Keywords: Drought, South-West monsoon, Semi-Arid, Rainfall, Strategies etc.
Life cycle cost analysis of overlay for an urban road in bangaloreeSAT Journals
Abstract
Pavements are subjected to severe condition of stresses and weathering effects from the day they are constructed and opened to traffic
mainly due to its fatigue behavior and environmental effects. Therefore, pavement rehabilitation is one of the most important
components of entire road systems. This paper highlights the design of concrete pavement with added mono fibers like polypropylene,
steel and hybrid fibres for a widened portion of existing concrete pavement and various overlay alternatives for an existing
bituminous pavement in an urban road in Bangalore. Along with this, Life cycle cost analyses at these sections are done by Net
Present Value (NPV) method to identify the most feasible option. The results show that though the initial cost of construction of
concrete overlay is high, over a period of time it prove to be better than the bituminous overlay considering the whole life cycle cost.
The economic analysis also indicates that, out of the three fibre options, hybrid reinforced concrete would be economical without
compromising the performance of the pavement.
Keywords: - Fatigue, Life cycle cost analysis, Net Present Value method, Overlay, Rehabilitation
Laboratory studies of dense bituminous mixes ii with reclaimed asphalt materialseSAT Journals
Abstract
The issue of growing demand on our nation’s roadways over that past couple of decades, decreasing budgetary funds, and the need to
provide a safe, efficient, and cost effective roadway system has led to a dramatic increase in the need to rehabilitate our existing
pavements and the issue of building sustainable road infrastructure in India. With these emergency of the mentioned needs and this
are today’s burning issue and has become the purpose of the study.
In the present study, the samples of existing bituminous layer materials were collected from NH-48(Devahalli to Hassan) site.The
mixtures were designed by Marshall Method as per Asphalt institute (MS-II) at 20% and 30% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP).
RAP material was blended with virgin aggregate such that all specimens tested for the, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II (DBM-II)
gradation as per Ministry of Roads, Transport, and Highways (MoRT&H) and cost analysis were carried out to know the economics.
Laboratory results and analysis showed the use of recycled materials showed significant variability in Marshall Stability, and the
variability increased with the increase in RAP content. The saving can be realized from utilization of recycled materials as per the
methodology, the reduction in the total cost is 19%, 30%, comparing with the virgin mixes.
Keywords: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Marshall Stability, MS-II, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II
Laboratory investigation of expansive soil stabilized with natural inorganic ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Soil stabilization has proven to be one of the oldest techniques to improve the soil properties. Literature review conducted revealed
that uses of natural inorganic stabilizers are found to be one of the best options for soil stabilization. In this regard an attempt has
been made to evaluate the influence of RBI-81 stabilizer on properties of black cotton soil through laboratory investigations. Black
cotton soil with varying percentages of RBI-81 viz., 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 percent were studied for moisture density relationships
and strength behaviour of soils. Also the effect of curing period was evaluated as literature review clearly emphasized the strength
gain of soils stabilized with RBI-81 over a period of time. The results obtained shows that the unconfined compressive strength of
specimens treated with RBI-81 increased approximately by 250% for a curing period of 28 days as compared to virgin soil. Further
the CBR value improved approximately by 400%. The studies indicated an increasing trend for soil strength behaviour with
increasing percentage of RBI-81 suggesting its potential applications in soil stabilization.
Influence of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block masonry p...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Reinforced masonry was developed to exploit the strength potential of masonry and to solve its lack of tensile strength. Experimental
and analytical studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block
masonry prisms under compression and to predict ultimate failure compressive strength. In the numerical program, three dimensional
non-linear finite elements (FE) model based on the micro-modeling approach is developed for both unreinforced and reinforced
masonry prisms using ANSYS (14.5). The proposed FE model uses multi-linear stress-strain relationships to model the non-linear
behavior of hollow concrete block, mortar, and grout. Willam-Warnke’s five parameter failure theory has been adopted to model the
failure of masonry materials. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results indicates that the FE models can successfully
capture the highly nonlinear behavior of the physical specimens and accurately predict their strength and failure mechanisms.
Keywords: Structural masonry, Hollow concrete block prism, grout, Compression failure, Finite element method,
Numerical modeling.
Influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with chemical stabilizereSAT Journals
Abstract
Increase in traffic along with heavier magnitude of wheel loads cause rapid deterioration in pavements. There is a need to improve
density, strength of soil subgrade and other pavement layers. In this study an attempt is made to improve the properties of locally
available loamy soil using twin approaches viz., i) increasing the compaction of soil and ii) treating the soil with chemical stabilizer.
Laboratory studies are carried out on both untreated and treated soil samples compacted by different compaction efforts. Studies
show that increase in compaction effort results in increase in density of soil. However in soil treated with chemical stabilizer, rate of
increase in density is not significant. The soil treated with chemical stabilizer exhibits improvement in both strength and performance
properties.
Keywords: compaction, density, subgradestabilization, resilient modulus
Geographical information system (gis) for water resources managementeSAT Journals
Abstract
Water resources projects are inherited with overlapping and at times conflicting objectives. These projects are often of varied sizes
ranging from major projects with command areas of millions of hectares to very small projects implemented at the local level. Thus,
in all these projects there is seldom proper coordination which is essential for ensuring collective sustainability.
Integrated watershed development and management is the accepted answer but in turn requires a comprehensive framework that can
enable planning process involving all the stakeholders at different levels and scales is compulsory. Such a unified hydrological
framework is essential to evaluate the cause and effect of all the proposed actions within the drainage basins.
The present paper describes a hydrological framework developed in the form of a Hydrologic Information System (HIS) which is
intended to meet the specific information needs of the various line departments of a typical State connected with water related aspects.
The HIS consist of a hydrologic information database coupled with tools for collating primary and secondary data and tools for
analyzing and visualizing the data and information. The HIS also incorporates hydrological model base for indirect assessment of
various entities of water balance in space and time. The framework would be maintained and updated to reflect fully the most
accurate ground truth data and the infrastructure requirements for planning and management.
Keywords: Hydrological Information System (HIS); WebGIS; Data Model; Web Mapping Services
Forest type mapping of bidar forest division, karnataka using geoinformatics ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The study demonstrate the potentiality of satellite remote sensing technique for the generation of baseline information on forest types
including tree plantation details in Bidar forest division, Karnataka covering an area of 5814.60Sq.Kms. The Total Area of Bidar
forest division is 5814Sq.Kms analysis of the satellite data in the study area reveals that about 84% of the total area is Covered by
crop land, 1.778% of the area is covered by dry deciduous forest, 1.38 % of mixed plantation, which is very threatening to the
environmental stability of the forest, future plantation site has been mapped. With the use of latest Geo-informatics technology proper
and exact condition of the trees can be observed and necessary precautions can be taken for future plantation works in an appropriate
manner
Keywords:-RS, GIS, GPS, Forest Type, Tree Plantation
Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
To study effects of several factors on the properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete on the compressive strength and also the
cost comparison with the normal concrete. The test variables were molarities of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) 8M,14M and 16M, ratio of
NaOH to sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5, alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio 0.35 and 0.40 and replacement of water in
Na2SiO3 solution by 10%, 20% and 30% were used in the present study. The test results indicated that the highest compressive
strength 54 MPa was observed for 16M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 2.5 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35. Lowest
compressive strength of 27 MPa was observed for 8M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 is 1 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of
0.40. Alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35, water replacement of 10% and 30% for 8 and 16 molarity of NaOH and has resulted in
compressive strength of 36 MPa and 20 MPa respectively. Superplasticiser dosage of 2 % by weight of fly ash has given higher
strength in all cases.
Keywords: compressive strength, alkaline liquid, fly ash
Experimental investigation on circular hollow steel columns in filled with li...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Composite Circular hollow Steel tubes with and without GFRP infill for three different grades of Light weight concrete are tested for
ultimate load capacity and axial shortening , under Cyclic loading. Steel tubes are compared for different lengths, cross sections and
thickness. Specimens were tested separately after adopting Taguchi’s L9 (Latin Squares) Orthogonal array in order to save the initial
experimental cost on number of specimens and experimental duration. Analysis was carried out using ANN (Artificial Neural
Network) technique with the assistance of Mini Tab- a statistical soft tool. Comparison for predicted, experimental & ANN output is
obtained from linear regression plots. From this research study, it can be concluded that *Cross sectional area of steel tube has most
significant effect on ultimate load carrying capacity, *as length of steel tube increased- load carrying capacity decreased & *ANN
modeling predicted acceptable results. Thus ANN tool can be utilized for predicting ultimate load carrying capacity for composite
columns.
Keywords: Light weight concrete, GFRP, Artificial Neural Network, Linear Regression, Back propagation, orthogonal
Array, Latin Squares
Experimental behavior of circular hsscfrc filled steel tubular columns under ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper presents an outlook on experimental behavior and a comparison with predicted formula on the behaviour of circular
concentrically loaded self-consolidating fibre reinforced concrete filled steel tube columns (HSSCFRC). Forty-five specimens were
tested. The main parameters varied in the tests are: (1) percentage of fiber (2) tube diameter or width to wall thickness ratio (D/t
from 15 to 25) (3) L/d ratio from 2.97 to 7.04 the results from these predictions were compared with the experimental data. The
experimental results) were also validated in this study.
Keywords: Self-compacting concrete; Concrete-filled steel tube; axial load behavior; Ultimate capacity.
Evaluation of punching shear in flat slabseSAT Journals
Abstract
Flat-slab construction has been widely used in construction today because of many advantages that it offers. The basic philosophy in
the design of flat slab is to consider only gravity forces; this method ignores the effect of punching shear due to unbalanced moments
at the slab column junction which is critical. An attempt has been made to generate generalized design sheets which accounts both
punching shear due to gravity loads and unbalanced moments for cases (a) interior column; (b) edge column (bending perpendicular
to shorter edge); (c) edge column (bending parallel to shorter edge); (d) corner column. These design sheets are prepared as per
codal provisions of IS 456-2000. These design sheets will be helpful in calculating the shear reinforcement to be provided at the
critical section which is ignored in many design offices. Apart from its usefulness in evaluating punching shear and the necessary
shear reinforcement, the design sheets developed will enable the designer to fix the depth of flat slab during the initial phase of the
design.
Keywords: Flat slabs, punching shear, unbalanced moment.
Evaluation of performance of intake tower dam for recent earthquake in indiaeSAT Journals
Abstract
Intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. A parametric
study on dynamic behavior of circular cylindrical towers can be carried out to study the effect of depth of submergence, wall thickness
and slenderness ratio, and also effect on tower considering dynamic analysis for time history function of different soil condition and
by Goyal and Chopra accounting interaction effects of added hydrodynamic mass of surrounding and inside water in intake tower of
dam
Key words: Hydrodynamic mass, Depth of submergence, Reservoir, Time history analysis,
Evaluation of operational efficiency of urban road network using travel time ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Efficiency of the road network system is analyzed by travel time reliability measures. The study overlooks on an important measure of
travel time reliability and prioritizing Tiruchirappalli road network. Traffic volume and travel time were collected using license plate
matching method. Travel time measures were estimated from average travel time and 95th travel time. Effect of non-motorized vehicle
on efficiency of road system was evaluated. Relation between buffer time index and traffic volume was created. Travel time model has
been developed and travel time measure was validated. Then service quality of road sections in network were graded based on
travel time reliability measures.
Keywords: Buffer Time Index (BTI); Average Travel Time (ATT); Travel Time Reliability (TTR); Buffer Time (BT).
Estimation of surface runoff in nallur amanikere watershed using scs cn methodeSAT Journals
Abstract
The development of watershed aims at productive utilization of all the available natural resources in the entire area extending from
ridge line to stream outlet. The per capita availability of land for cultivation has been decreasing over the years. Therefore, water and
the related land resources must be developed, utilized and managed in an integrated and comprehensive manner. Remote sensing and
GIS techniques are being increasingly used for planning, management and development of natural resources. The study area, Nallur
Amanikere watershed geographically lies between 110 38’ and 110 52’ N latitude and 760 30’ and 760 50’ E longitude with an area of
415.68 Sq. km. The thematic layers such as land use/land cover and soil maps were derived from remotely sensed data and overlayed
through ArcGIS software to assign the curve number on polygon wise. The daily rainfall data of six rain gauge stations in and around
the watershed (2001-2011) was used to estimate the daily runoff from the watershed using Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number
(SCS-CN) method. The runoff estimated from the SCS-CN model was then used to know the variation of runoff potential with different
land use/land cover and with different soil conditions.
Keywords: Watershed, Nallur watershed, Surface runoff, Rainfall-Runoff, SCS-CN, Remote Sensing, GIS.
Estimation of morphometric parameters and runoff using rs & gis techniqueseSAT Journals
Abstract
Land and water are the two vital natural resources, the optimal management of these resources with minimum adverse environmental
impact are essential not only for sustainable development but also for human survival. Satellite remote sensing with geographic
information system has a pragmatic approach to map and generate spatial input layers of predicting response behavior and yield of
watershed. Hence, in the present study an attempt has been made to understand the hydrological process of the catchment at the
watershed level by drawing the inferences from moprhometric analysis and runoff. The study area chosen for the present study is
Yagachi catchment situated in Chickamaglur and Hassan district lies geographically at a longitude 75⁰52’08.77”E and
13⁰10’50.77”N latitude. It covers an area of 559.493 Sq.km. Morphometric analysis is carried out to estimate morphometric
parameters at Micro-watershed to understand the hydrological response of the catchment at the Micro-watershed level. Daily runoff
is estimated using USDA SCS curve number model for a period of 10 years from 2001 to 2010. The rainfall runoff relationship of the
study shows there is a positive correlation.
Keywords: morphometric analysis, runoff, remote sensing and GIS, SCS - method
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Effect of variation of plastic hinge length on the results of non linear anal...eSAT Journals
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A concept based model for product development in the emerging market
1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 770
A CONCEPT BASED MODEL FOR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN
THE EMERGING MARKET
Navdeep Singh Turna1
, Tejwant Singh Grewal2
1
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali
2
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali
Abstract
Emerging market like Asia and Africa are opening a big room of opportunities to do business. The companies which are already
globally recognized have started acknowledging this issue and they are making their product and business strategies according to
the user perceptions of these growing markets. In these markets where the bigger players are already present, how the local
players and new companies can survive and harness the market profits in this competitive environment. This research work
provides a conceptual model which can help the local and new companies in increasing their market share and profits within a
short time period. This model listen’s the voice of customer and it also accounts the market trend, while designing or planning a
product. Multi-factor evaluation process (MFEP) is used in this product development model and an exploratory example of
mobile product is also given to clarify the implementation of this model.
Keywords= Product technical specifications, New product development, Product design strategy, Voice of customer,
Multi- Factor evaluation process (MFEP)
--------------------------------------------------------------------***-----------------------------------------------------------------
1. INTRODUCTION
The nascent market of Asia and Africa have become key
attractions for the well known companies for doing business,
because they know that they have global recognition in the
form of quality, service and reliability so, they can easily
settle down and increase their market share in these
countries. But the consumers of these markets (countries)
look for high value of product at lower cost. The bigger
players spend a lot on the research, development, marketing
and other activities to make their good image among
consumers and to also grab the maximum share of these
markets.
Now, the local companies are facing a huge challenge in
their markets, they have less resources, low budget and their
product design strategies are not strong as the bigger
players. This research provides a „NAV‟ model approach for
designing the new products for local companies in a
competitive environment. The model starts with the
technical benchmarking or customer satisfaction
benchmarking. The list of benchmarked companies and the
benchmarked products are being prepared during this phase.
The benchmarked preferences and priorities are also based
on the user‟s opinion, user feedback and surveys. After
finalizing the products, their technical specifications are
benchmarked.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Many a studies are conducted to access the importance of
customer support or customer interaction in new product
development (NPD). (Goffin and New, 2001) found
customer support an must have element for successful
marketing of many products, The customer support
requirements should be evaluated during NPD because a
good product design can make customer support more
efficient and cost effective (Armistead and Lark, 1992).
Customer support plays an important role in increasing the
probability of success of new products (Cooper and
Kleinschmidt, 1993). (Milward and Lewis, 2005) identified
the main barriers to the development of new products in
small manufacturing companies in UK, In their research
they found that the dominant behavior of the owner, more
stress on time and cost than other factors and lack of
understanding of importance of product design were the
main barriers to new product development. (Gangurde and
Akarte, 2012) proposed a multi-criteria decision making
(MCDM) approach to evaluate product design alternatives
in respect to the customer requirements, the mobile phone
example had been used to demonstrate this approach.
(Besharati, et al., 2006) has identified three factors, which
according to them were the most important ones in deciding
the final product configurations. These three factors were,
market demand on the basis of customer‟s preferences,
designer‟s preferences based on his experience, knowledge
& skill and the last one was uncertainty in achieving the
planned design performance. (Mazzoni et al., 2007)
Identified three different categories of customers in mobile
phone segment, naming as “basic user segment”, “value
driven segment” and “techno-fun user segment”. The users
were categorized on the basis of their demand for features.
A crucial decision faced by many companies across the
world is the selection of an optimal mix of product features
to be offered in the target market. Fulfilling the customer‟s
individual requirement through product design
configurations is essentially an optimization problem (Jiao
and Zhang, 2005). (Ostori and Bi, 2010) Proposed fuzzy
models for finalizing the product configurations. Product
2. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 771
features influence the user‟s intentions while they purchase
a product (Seva et al., 2007). (Dacko, 2000), Studied that a
majority of companies were followers of best in class or
pioneering firms in new and related product markets.
Managers of almost all the companies can avail the benefits
from benchmarking their competitors. It costs high to first
enter in the market and the followers can develop the
product of same range at lower price by making an effective
strategy considering all aspects related to the product
development (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1991).
3. CONCEPTUAL MODEL
On the basis of examination of the extensive literature and
scope of the present research, conceptual model have
prepared and presented in figure 1. The proposed „NAV‟
model is based on Quality function deployment (QFD) tool
presented by Akao in 1972. This model is mainly focused on
accounting the voice of customer in a competitive market,
where bigger players or pioneering firms already exists. The
model is completely defined with a flow chart. It starts with
selection of goal, in this research paper an example of
smartphone is also given, so with this example here our
main aim is to make a smartphone which can survive in a
competitive environment. Next is defining product category,
for example smartphone, budget phone, and feature phone et
cetera. The next step is defining the competitors at initial
stage, so that the company can make their product
accordingly in terms of quality and production. After
selecting the competitors their products of same category
and same range are taken into the account and their
specification are benchmarked. Now we are having the
information regarding each of our competitor‟s products of
same range, this complete information is prepared in a form
of data base. Now the key element voice of customer comes
in the picture, the customer are asked their choices from all
available benchmarked options to decrease the designing
time and to increase the customer satisfaction. Company
does a market analysis to know the current market
scenarios‟ like importance of camera in smartphone and
importance of ram in a Smartphone. According to the
market analysis, company assigns weight to each individual
specification. Then the customer also gave a priority value
to the feature. For finding an optimum solution for the
problem the company does MFEP analysis to select the best
from the alternatives and also to take the voice of customer
in context. The alternative getting highest final weight is
selected for optimization. A complete MFEP analysis is
defined in section 4 and 5 of this paper.
4. RESEARCH METHOD
Multi-factor evaluation process (MFEP) is a quantitative
approach, for example, is recommended in cases where all
of the important criteria can be assigned appropriate
numerical weights and each alternative can be evaluated
quantitatively in terms of these criteria (Render and stairs,
1994). According to (Diep, et al., 2006) MFEP consists of
three steps:
Step 1: List all factors and assign every factor a weight
between 0 and 1;
(0<FWa<1)
Step 2: Factor evaluation
With each factor a, we assess solution b by giving it a
Coefficient value FEab (called evaluation of solution b
under factor a);
Step 3: Total weighted evaluation
TWEb = a
FWa × FEab
Considering the values of TWEb, the best solution is
selected.
5. A SMARTPHONE EXAMPLE
With the MFEP, we start by listing the factors and their
relative importance on a scale from 0 to 1. Let‟s consider an
example. A mobile company is looking at customer review
for various functions of mobile to give full deliverance
according to customer voice and compete in the market.
Company has determined from market research that, the
only four factors really are important according to customer
preferences which are ram, camera, battery life and
processor. Furthermore, company has decided that ram is
the most important to their customer so they assigned it with
a weight of 0.4. What comes next is the camera with a
weight of 0.3, battery life is given an importance weight of
0.2 and the least importance has been given to processor by
allocating the weight of 0.1. Like any MFEP problem, the
total sum of importance weights for factors must be equal to
1
Table-1 Factor Weight
Factor name Factor weight
Ram 0.4
Camera 0.3
Battery life 0.2
Processor 0.1
Total 1
As a hypothetical case the company has asked 3 customers
for each of these reviews regarding a Smartphone. The
customer feedback is then evaluated by given them rating on
a 0 to 1 scale. The customer A has given ram an evaluation
of 0.9, Camera of 0.5, battery life of 0.7 and for processor
0.4. The customers B, given ram an evaluation of 0.7,
Camera of 0.4, battery life of 0.6 and for processor 0.7. The
customers C, given ram an evaluation of 0.9, Camera of 0.8,
battery life of 0.9 and for processor 0.6
Table -2 Factor Evaluations
Factor
name
CUSTOMER
A
CUSTOMER
B
CUSTOMER
C
Ram 0.9 0.7 0.9
Camera 0.5 0.4 0.8
Battery
life
0.7 0.6 0.9
Processor 0.4 0.7 0.6
3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 772
Fig -1 NAV Product Specification Model
After accessing the rating given by all three customers, the
individual ratings are multiplied with factor weights
assigned by the company. Given this information, company
can determine a total weighted evaluation for each of the
alternatives. Every customer is given a factor evaluation for
the four factors, after accessing the rating given by all three
customers; the individual ratings are multiplied with factor
weights assigned by the company and summed to get a total
weighted evaluation for each customer view.
Table -3 Evaluation of Customer- A
Factor
name
Factor
weight
Factor
evaluation
Weighted
evaluation
Ram 0.4 0.9 0.36
Camera 0.3 0.5 0.15
Battery
life
0.2 0.7 0.14
Processor 0.1 0.4 0.04
Total 1 0.69
Table -4 Evaluation of Customer- B
Factor
name
Factor
weight
Factor
evaluation
Weighted
evaluation
Ram 0.4 0.7 0.28
camera 0.3 0.4 0.12
Battery life 0.2 0.6 0.12
processor 0.1 0.7 0.07
1 0.59
Table -5 Evaluation of Customer- C
Factor
name
Factor
weight
Factor
evaluation
Weighted
evaluation
Ram 0.4 0.9 0.36
camera 0.3 0.8 0.24
Battery life 0.2 0.9 0.18
processor 0.1 0.6 0.06
1 0.84
PR = PRODUCT
CNF = CONFIGURATIONS
MFEP = MULTI-FACTOR EVALUATION
PROCESS
CUSTOMER‟S RESPONSES
ASKED ON TOTAL AVAILABLE
CONFIGURATIONS WITH THEIR
RECOMMENDED PRIORITY
VALUES
TOTAL AVAILABLE
CONFIGURATIONS
MFEP ANALYSIS
LIST OF SET OF ALTERNATIVES
FINAL WEIGHT OF EACH
ALTERNATIVE SET
SELECTION OF THE FINAL
PRODUCT CONFIGURATION
CNF1 CNF2 CNF3
SET GOAL
DEFINE PRODUCT CATEGORY
DEFINE COMPETITORS
PRODUCTS OF
COMPETITORSDEFINE PRODUCT
CONFIGURATIONS
PR1 PR2 PR3
VOICE OF CUSTOMER
FINALIZED
PRODUCT
CONFIGURATIONS
4. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 773
6. RESULTS
After observing the results it can be said that, customer A
has received a total weighted evaluation of 0.69. The same
type of analysis is done for customer B and C. The customer
C has received the highest total weighted evaluation of 0.84;
A was next, with a total weighted evaluation of 0.69 and B
got 0.59. Using the multifactor evaluation process,
company‟s decision should be to go with customer C,
because it got the highest total weighted evaluation.
REFERENCES
[1] Akao, Y., (1972), New product development and
quality assurance deployment system (in Japanese),
Standardization and Quality Control 25 (4), 243–246
[2] Armistead, C.G. and Clark, G. (1992), Customer
Service and Support, Pitman, London
[3] Besharati, B., Azarm, S. and Kannan, P.K. (2006), A
decision support system for product design selection:
a generalized purchase modeling approach, Decision
Support Systems, Vol. 42 No. 1, pp. 333-350
[4] Cooper, R.G. and Kleinschmidt, E.J. (1993), Major
new products: what distinguishes the winners in the
chemical industry, Journal of Product Innovation
Management, Vol. 10 No. 2, 90-111
[5] Dacko, S.G., (2000). Benchmarking competitive
responses to pioneering new product introductions,
Benchmarking: An International Journal, Vol. 7 No.
5, 2000, pp. 324-342
[6] Diep, N.N., Lee, S., Lee, Y. K. and Lee, H., (2006),
Contextual Risk-based Access Control, IITA
(Institute of Information Technology Advancement)
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[7] Gangurde, S.R., and Akarte, M.M., (2012), Customer
preference oriented product design using AHP-
modified TOPSIS approach, Benchmarking: An
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[8] Goffin, K. and New, C., (2001). Customer support
and new product development - An exploratory stud,
International Journal of Operations & Production
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[10] Lieberman, M.B. and Montgomery, D.B. (1991),
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[12] Milward, H. and Lewis, A., (2005). Barriers to
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731
BIOGRAPHIES
Mr. Navdeep Singh is working as
Assistant Professor in Mechanical
Engineering Department at Chandigarh
University, Gharuan, Mohali (Punjab).
He has obtained his Masters of
Engineering in Production & Industrial
Engineering from Thapar University, Patiala. His area of
research is new product development and business process
integration (BPI).
Mr. Tejwant Singh is working as
Assistant Professor in Mechanical
Engineering Department at Chandigarh
University, Gharuan, Mohali (Punjab).
He has obtained his M-Tech in
Mechanical Engineering from Punjabi
University, Patiala. His area of research
is analysis of sensitization in stainless
steel and product development